Movement for a Democratic Society
| This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Rojava |
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Head of Government: Salih Muslim |
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The Movement for a Democratic Society (Kurdish: Tevgera Civaka Demokratîk, TEV-DEM,[1] Arabic: حركة المجتمع الديمقراطي) is the political coalition governing the democratic confederalist autonomous areas of northern Syria referred to collectively as Rojava, or since late 2015 as the North Syria Federation.
Background in the Arab Spring
As the Arab Spring reached Syria in early 2011 protests spread to the Kurdish areas of the north (the regions of Cizîrê, Kobanê, and Efrîn). They were "very strong and effective" in these areas and, to a certain point, this is what led the Syrian army to withdraw almost completely from these Kurdish areas. The citizens living there, with the support of the PYD and the PKK, formed the Tevgera Civaka Demokratîk (or Tev-Dem), which "quickly became very strong and popular among the region’s population". To avoid chaos, the Tev-Dem stepped in "to implement its plans and programs without further delay before the situation became worse".[2]
Moving towards democratic autonomy
Its programme immediately aimed to be "very inclusive" and people from a range of different backgrounds became involved (including Kurds, Arabs, Assyrians, and Turkmen (from Muslim, Christian, and Yazidi religious groups). It sought to "establish a variety of groups, committees and communes on the streets in neighborhoods, villages, counties and small and big towns everywhere". The purpose of these groups was to meet "every week to talk about the problems people face where they live". The representatives of the different community groups meet "in the main group in the villages or towns called the “House of the People”".
According to Zaher Baher of the Haringey Solidarity Group, the TEV-DEM has been "the most successful organ" in Rojava because it has the "determination and power" to change things, it includes many people who "believe in working voluntarily at all levels of service to make the event/experiment successful", and it has "set up an army of defence consisting of three different parts" - the YPG, the YPJ, the Asayish (a "mixed force of men and women that exists in the towns and all the checkpoints outside the towns to protect civilians from any external threat"), and "a special unit for women only, to deal with issues of rape and domestic violence".[2]