Timeline of St. Louis
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of St. Louis, Missouri, United States.
Prior to 19th-century
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| Exploration and Louisiana |
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| Expansion and the Civil War |
| St. Louis as the Fourth City |
| Urban decline and renewal |
| Recent developments |
| See also |
| Missouri portal |
- 1764 – St. Louis founded by Pierre Laclède in Louisiana, New Spain.[1]
- 1780 – "Indian attack."[2]
- 1799 – Population: 925.[3]
19th century
1800s–1850s
See also: History of St. Louis (1804–65)
- 1800 – St. Louis becomes part of French Louisiana.[2]
- 1804
- St. Louis becomes part of U.S. territory per Louisiana Purchase.[2]
- Post Office established.[4]
- 1805 – St. Louis becomes capital of the U.S. Louisiana Territory.[2][5]
- 1808 – Missouri Gazette newspaper begins publication.[6]
- 1809
- Town incorporated.[1]
- Missouri Fur Company established.[5]
- 1811 – December 16: New Madrid earthquake.[7]
- 1812 – St. Louis County established.[4]
- 1815 – Theatre opens.[4]
- 1816 – Bank of St. Louis incorporated.[8]
- 1818
- Saint Louis Academy founded.[9]
- Baptist Church built.[1]
- 1819 – Erin Benevolent Society founded.[1]
- 1820
- June: Missouri constitutional convention held.[3]
- September: Missouri General Assembly convenes.[5]
- 1821
- St. Louis becomes part of the new U.S. state of Missouri.
- City Directory begins publication.[1][8]
- 1822
- 1823 – William Carr Lane becomes mayor.
- 1825 – Lafayette visits town.[11]
- 1826 – Catholic Diocese of St. Louis established.[12]
- 1828 – County Courthouse built.
- 1834
- Daily Evening Herald newspaper begins publication.[4][6]
- Cathedral of St. Louis consecrated.[12]
- 1835 – Anzeiger des Westens German-language newspaper begins publication.[4][6]
- 1836 – Chamber of Commerce established.[13]
- 1837 – Daniel Webster visits city.[14]
- 1840 – City boundaries expanded.[15]
- 1841
- United Hebrew Congregation founded.
- Population: 16,469.[10]
- Area of city: 4.5 square miles.[10]
- 1844 – Anti-immigration unrest.[7]
- 1846
- Dred Scott files lawsuit.[7]
- Mercantile Library Association established.[8]
- 1847 – Boatmen's Savings Institution chartered.[14]
- 1849
- Concordia Seminary relocates to St. Louis.[16]
- Cholera epidemic.[7]
- Fire.[3]
- Bellefontaine Cemetery established.
- 1850
- Third Baptist Church established.
- Population: 77,860.[10]
- 1851 – Bates' Theatre opens.[17]
- 1852
- Iron Mountain railroad built.[13]
- Bavarian Brewery in business.
- 1853 – Washington University founded.[16]
- 1854 – Czech Slavonic Benevolent Society founded.[18]
- 1856
- Academy of Science founded.
- St. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical Fair begins.[13]
- Grand Opera House opens.[8]
- 1857
- St. Louis Fire Department established.[19]
- Lindell Hotel in business.[13]
- 1859
- Streetcar begins operating.[13]
- Mary Institute founded.
- Synagogue consecrated on Sixth Street.
1860s–1890s
- 1860 – Population: 160,773.[20]
- 1861 – Western Sanitary Commission[21] and Ladies Union Aid Society established.
- 1862 – Hoelke and Benecke photo studio in business.[22]
- 1865
- 1866
- Cholera epidemic.[7]
- Missouri Historical Society headquartered in city.
- Olympic Theatre opens.[17]
- 1867 – City Board of Health and Compton Hill Reservoir Park[26] established.
- 1869 – Congregation Shaare Emeth founded.
- 1870
- Carondelet becomes part of St. Louis.[7]
- Area of city: 17.98 square miles.[10]
- Population: 310,864.[20]
- 1871
- 1871 St. Louis tornado.
- Puck German-language magazine begins publication.[27]
- 1872
- Maryville College of the Sacred Heart and University Club[17] founded.
- Catholic Amerika begins publication.[6][28]
- 1873 – Laclede Gas Light Company in business.[29]
- 1874 – Eads Bridge built.[13]
- 1875
- Merchants Exchange opens.[8]
- Brownell and Wight Car Company in business.
- 1876
- June: City hosts 1876 Democratic National Convention.
- Forest Park opens.
- Busch's Budweiser beer introduced.
- Area of city: 61.37 square miles.[10]
- 1877
- City secedes from St. Louis County.
- July: Labor strike.[30]
- 1878 – St. Louis Post-Dispatch newspaper begins publication.[28]
- 1879
- Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association and J.C. Strauss photo studio in business.
- Pope's Theatre opens.[17]
- 1880
- St. Stanislaus Kostka Church built.
- Population: 350,518.[31]
- 1882 – Mallinckrodt Chemical Works incorporated.
- 1883 – St. Louis Exposition and Music Hall opens.[8]
- 1884 – St. Louis Maroons baseball team active.
- 1886
- May 1: Labour strike.[32]
- St. Louis Watchmaking School[16] and Congregation Temple Israel founded.
- 1888 – City hosts 1888 Democratic National Convention.
- 1889 – Missouri Botanical Garden established.[16]
- 1890 – Population: 451,770.[31]
- 1891
- Rubicam Business School established.[16]
- Wainwright Building constructed.
- American Car Company in business.
- Air conditioning installed in the Ice Palace beerhall.[33]
- 1892
- St. Louis Browns baseball team active.[34]
- St. Louis Country Club established.[35]
- Stix Baer & Fuller (shop) in business.
- National People's Party founded in St. Louis.[36]
- 1894 – Union Station opens.
- 1896
- May: 1896 St. Louis–East St. Louis tornado.[37]
- June: Flood.[37]
- City hosts 1896 Republican National Convention.
- Busch's Michelob beer introduced.
- 1898 – Compton Hill Water Tower erected.
20th-century
1900s–1970s
See also: History of St. Louis (1905–80)
- 1900
- St. Louis Streetcar Strike of 1900.
- Monsanto Chemical Works in business.[25]
- Population: 575,238.[38]
- 1902 – Sportsman's Park opens.
- 1903 – Missouri Athletic Club founded.
- 1904
- Buckingham Hotel built.
- April: St. Louis World's Fair opens;[37] Palace of Fine Arts built.
- City hosts 1904 Summer Olympics and 1904 Democratic National Convention.
- 1905 – May Department Store relocates to St. Louis.[39]
- 1906
- Racquet Club of St. Louis founded.
- Statue of Louis IX of France unveiled in Forest Park.
- 1908
- Aero Club of St. Louis incorporated.[40]
- Aeronautic Supply Company in business.[40]
- St. Louis Coliseum built.
- Fairground Park established.[26]
- 1909 – October: City centennial.
- 1910 – Population: 687,029.[31]
- 1911
- Famous-Barr (shop) in business.[39]
- Benoist Flying School established.[40]
- 1912
- Ethical Society building constructed.
- St. Louis Argus newspaper begins publication.[41]
- Missouri Peace Society founded.[42][43]
- 1913 – Henry Kiel becomes mayor.
- 1914
- Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis begins operating.[44]
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People branch established.[41]
- Railway Exchange Building and Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis constructed.
- "Pageant and Masque of Saint Louis" held.[4]
- Saint Louis Zoo incorporated.
- 1915 – Junior League of St. Louis organized.[45]
- 1917 – MacArthur Bridge opens.
- 1918
- Urban League active.[41]
- Poro beauty school opens.[46]
- 1919
- League of Women Voters of St. Louis organized.[47]
- City Hospital No. 2 begins operating.[48]
- Pine Street YMCA opens.[49]
- 1920
- Chase Hotel built.
- Population: 772,897.[38]
- 1921
- WEW radio begins broadcasting.[4]
- American Association of University Women chapter active.[45]
- 1925 – St. Louis Theater opens.
- 1926 – Southwestern Bell Building constructed.
- 1927
- Racquet Club of St. Louis funds Lindbergh's Spirit of St. Louis airplane.
- Tornado.[4]
- B.F. Mahoney Aircraft Corporation in business.[40]
- 1928 – St. Louis American newspaper begins publication.[28]
- 1929 - Fox Theatre opens.[50]
- 1930 – Lambert-St. Louis Municipal Airport dedicated.[40]
- 1931 – Rombauer's Joy of Cooking published.[28]
- 1933
- Firmin Desloge Hospital opens.[48]
- Anheuser-Busch's Budweiser Clydesdales established.
- 1935 – Neighborhood Gardens (housing) opens.[51]
- 1937 – Floral Conservatory built in Forest Park.
- 1939
- 1939 St. Louis smog.
- Oldani's restaurant in business.
- 1940 – Population: 816,048.[38]
- 1942 – George Hudson Orchestra debuts.[52]
- 1943 – Campbell House Museum opens.
- 1947 – Congress of Racial Equality chapter organized.[53]
- 1948 – U.S. Supreme Court decides Shelley v. Kraemer lawsuit.[5]
- 1949 – The Fairgrounds Park Riot.
- 1950 – Population: 856,796.
- 1951 – Veterans' Memorial Bridge built.
- 1954
- KETC television begins broadcasting.
- Pruitt–Igoe housing built.[54]
- 1955
- Peabody Coal Company relocates to St. Louis.
- Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum architects in business.
- 1958 – Landmarks Association of St. Louis established.
- 1959 – Civil rights sit-in.[55]
- 1960
- Population: 750,026.[38]
- Sister city relationship established with Stuttgart, Germany.[56]
- 1962 – St. Louis Community College established.
- 1963
- MetroBus begins operating.
- Planetarium opens.
- 1964
- LaClede Town (housing) opens.
- Imo's Pizza in business in Shaw.
- 1965 – Gateway Arch erected.[5]
- 1966 – Busch Stadium opens.
- 1967
- Poplar Street Bridge built.
- St. Louis Blues ice hockey team formed.
- 1969 – Laclede Gas Building constructed.
- 1970
- 1974
- St. Louis Port Authority created.[7]
- Sister city relationship established with Suwa, Japan.[56]
- 1976 – Sister city relationship established with Lyon, France.[56]
- 1977
- St. Louis Convention Center opens.
- James F. Conway becomes mayor.
- Sister city relationship established with Galway, Ireland.[56]
- 1979 – Sister city relationship established with Nanjing, China.[56]
1980s–1990s
See also: History of St. Louis (1981–present)
- 1986
- Express Scripts and Galleria Cinema[50] in business.
- Southwestern Bell Telephone Building constructed.
- 1987
- 1989 – One Metropolitan Square (hi-rise) built.
- 1990
- Population: 396,685.[20]
- Sister city relationship established with Georgetown, Guyana.[56]
- 1992 – Sister city relationships established with Szczecin, Poland and Samara, Russia.[56]
- 1993 – MetroLink begins operating.
- 1994
- Kiel Center arena opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Saint-Louis, Senegal.[56]
- 1995
- St. Louis Rams football team active.
- Trans World Dome (stadium) opens.
- 1997
- City website online (approximate date).[58]
- Ameren Corporation in business.
- Clarence Harmon becomes mayor.
21st-century
- 2000 – Population: 348,189.[38]
- 2001
- Pulitzer Arts Foundation museum opens.
- Francis G. Slay becomes mayor.
- William Lacy Clay, Jr. becomes U.S. representative for Missouri's 1st congressional district.[59]
- Veterans for Peace headquartered in St. Louis.[60]
- 2002 – St. Louis Building Arts Foundation active (approximate date).[61]
- 2003 – St. Louis Area Regional Response System headquartered in city.[62]
- 2004 – Sister city relationship established with Bogor, Indonesia.[56]
- 2006 – Busch Stadium rebuilt.
- 2007 – Center for Citizen Leadership headquartered in St. Louis.
- 2008 – Sister city relationship established with Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.[56]
- 2009 – Citygarden opens.
- 2010 – Population: 319,294; metro 2,812,896.[63]
- 2011 – October: Occupy St. Louis begins.
- 2014
- 2016
- Rams leave St. Louis and become the L.A. Rams.[66]
See also
- History of St. Louis
- List of mayors of St. Louis
- National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, A–L), Missouri
- National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, M–Z), Missouri
- Timeline of Kansas City, Missouri
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Paxton 1821.
- 1 2 3 4 McDermott 1952.
- 1 2 3 Federal Writers' Project 1941, p. 293.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Federal Writers' Project (1941), "Missouri Chronology", Missouri: A Guide to the 'Show Me' State, American Guide Series, New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Timeline of Missouri History". Missouri Office of the Secretary of State. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Chronological History of St. Louis". Mound City on the Mississippi. City of St. Louis. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Shewey 1892.
- ↑ "History of Saint Louis University (timeline)". Saint Louis University. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bartolomew 1917.
- ↑ Thomas Edwin Spencer (1914), Story of Old St. Louis, St. Louis, Mo.
- 1 2 Catholic Encyclopedia 1913.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tutt 1898.
- 1 2 Stevens 1911.
- ↑ Missouri Republication (1854). Annual Review: History of St. Louis, Commercial Statistics, Improvements of the Year ...
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Missouri: St. Louis". Patterson's American Educational Directory 29. Chicago. 1932.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Scharf 1883.
- ↑ Emily Greene Balch (1910). Our Slavic Fellow Citizens. New York: Charities Publication Committee.
- ↑ "St. Louis Fire Department History: Brief History Timeline". City of St. Louis. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
- ↑ "Timeline". Civil War in Missouri. Missouri History Museum. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ Peter E. Palmquist; Thomas R. Kailbourn (2005). Pioneer Photographers from the Mississippi to the Continental Divide: A Biographical Dictionary, 1839-1865. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4057-9.
- ↑ George B. Kirsch; et al., eds. (2000). Encyclopedia of Ethnicity and Sports in the United States. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-29911-7.
- ↑ Van Ravenswaay 1991.
- 1 2 "St. Louis the Leading Drug and Chemical Market". Meyer Brothers Druggist (St. Louis: C.F.G. Meyer) 39. January 1918.
- 1 2 "St. Louis City Parks". City of St. Louis. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ Albert Bernhardt Faust (1909). The German Element in the United States. Houghton Mifflin Co.
- 1 2 3 4 Cuoco 2000.
- ↑ Jones 1891.
- ↑ David Roediger (1985). "'Not Only the Ruling Classes to Overcome, but Also the So-Called Mob': Class, Skill and Community in the St. Louis General Strike of 1877". Journal of Social History 19. JSTOR 3787468.
- 1 2 3 Britannica 1910.
- ↑ John Cameron Simonds; John T. McEnnis (1887). The Story of Manual Labor in All Lands and Ages. R. S. Peale & Company.
- ↑ Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
- ↑ "Cardinals Timeline". MLB Advanced Media. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ James F. Healey. "St. Louis Golf Chronology". Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ Catherine Cocks; et al. (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Progressive Era. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6293-7.
- 1 2 3 Haydn 1910.
- 1 2 3 4 5 U.S. Census Bureau, "Mini-Historical Statistics: Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000" (PDF), Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003
- 1 2 "Macy's, Inc. History (timeline)". Macy's. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Timeline". Flight City: St. Louis Takes to the Air. Missouri Historical Society. Archived from the original on November 29, 2011.
- 1 2 3 John Aaron Wright (2002). Discovering African American St. Louis: A Guide to Historic Sites. Missouri History Museum. ISBN 978-1-883982-45-4.
- ↑ Advocate of Peace, 1912 – via JSTOR
- ↑ "New Peace Society" (PDF), University Missourian (Columbia, Missouri), October 22, 1912 – via U.S. Library of Congress, Chronicling America
- ↑ "Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Centennial: Timeline". Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research. St. Louis Fed. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
- 1 2 Katharine T. Corbett (1999). In Her Place: A Guide to St. Louis Women's History. Missouri History Museum. ISBN 978-1-883982-30-0.
- ↑ Cheryl Krasnick Warsh and Dan Malleck, ed. (2013). Consuming Modernity: Gendered Behaviour and Consumerism before the Baby Boom. University of British Columbia Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-2470-5.
- ↑ "St. Louis Manuscript Collections". State Historical Society of Missouri, Research Center-St. Louis. Retrieved August 2014.
- 1 2 "St. Louis and Washington University Chronology". Washington University School of Medicine. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ Nina Mjagkij (1994). Light in the Darkness: African Americans and the YMCA, 1852-1946. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2801-3.
- 1 2 3 "Movie Theaters in St. Louis, MO". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ "Neighborhood Gardens". JSTOR Daily. JSTOR. October 15, 2014.
- ↑ Dennis Owsley (2006). City of Gabriels: The History of Jazz in St. Louis, 1895-1973. Reedy Press. ISBN 978-1-933370-04-0.
- ↑ "Survey of Collections and Repositories". Civil Rights History Project. U.S. Library of Congress, American Folklife Center. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ "A history of cities in 50 buildings", The Guardian (UK), 2015
- ↑ Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, Jr. (2005). "Selected Chronology". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. Oxford University Press. p. xix+. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "St. Louis Sister Cities". St. Louis Center for International Relations. Retrieved December 2014.
- ↑ John Bassett McCleary (2004). "Anti-War Events". The Hippie Dictionary: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the 1960s and 1970s. Ten Speed Press. pp. 602+. ISBN 978-1-58008-547-2.
- ↑ "St. Louis Community Information Network". Archived from the original on April 1997 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Congressional Biographies: Missouri". Official Congressional Directory. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 2001.
- ↑ "Brief History of VFP (timeline)". Veterans for Peace. Retrieved February 2015.
- ↑ Mike Tigas and Sisi Wei (ed.). "Saint Louis, Missouri". Nonprofit Explorer. New York: ProPublica. Retrieved August 2014.
- ↑ "History". St. Louis Area Regional Response System. Retrieved August 2014.
STARRS was formed as a result of the Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) Grant Program for Homeland Security
- ↑ "Largest Urbanized Areas With Selected Cities and Metro Areas (2010)". US Census Bureau. 2012.
- ↑ "Police Shooting Protests Continue in St. Louis", New York Times, October 12, 2014
- ↑ "Wynton Marsalis to Open St. Louis Jazz Center", New York Times, September 28, 2014
- ↑ http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/14558668/st-louis-rams-relocate-los-angeles
Bibliography
- John A. Paxton (1821), St. Louis Directory and Register, St. Louis, OCLC 14912466
- J. Thomas Scharf (1883), History of Saint Louis City and County, Philadelphia: Louis H. Everts, OCLC 2991276
- Commercial and Architectural St. Louis. Dumont Jones. 1891.
- "Chronological and Historical Events". Shewey's Guide and Directory to Saint Louis. St. Louis: Arista C. Shewey. 1892.
- "Reading List: City of St. Louis", Public Library Magazine (St. Louis) 5, January 1898
- Helen Tutt (January 1898), "Development of St. Louis", Public Library Magazine (St. Louis) 5
- "St Louis", Encyclopædia Britannica 24 (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "St. Louis", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- Walter Barlow Stevens (1911). St. Louis, the Fourth City, 1764-1909. S.J. Clarke.
- John J. Tannrath (1913). "Saint Louis". Catholic Encyclopedia 13. New York.
- Andrew Cunningham McLaughlin and Albert Bushnell Hart, ed. (1914). "St. Louis". Cyclopedia of American Government 3. D. Appleton and Company.
- St. Louis City Plan Commission; Harland Bartolomew (1917). Problems of St. Louis. Nixon-Jones.
- Federal Writers' Project (1941), "St. Louis", Missouri: A Guide to the 'Show Me' State, American Guide Series, New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce
- John Francis McDermott, ed. (1952). "Chronology". Early Histories of St. Louis. St. Louis Historical Documents Foundation – via Hathi Trust.
- Saint Louis: a Chronological and Documentary History, 1762–1970, by Robert Vexler. Dobbs Ferry: Oceana Publications, 1974.
- Charles Van Ravenswaay (1991). St. Louis: An Informal History of the City and Its People, 1764-1865. Missouri History Museum. ISBN 978-0-252-01915-9.
- Lorin Cuoco and William H. Gass, ed. (2000). "St. Louis Literary Chronology". Literary St. Louis: A Guide. Missouri History Museum. p. 4+. ISBN 978-1-883982-35-5.
- "Recommended Reading on St. Louis History". stl250. 2013.
External links
- "Maps and atlases relating to St. Louis City and County: Chronological list". St. Louis County Library.
- St. Louis Mercantile Library. "Guide to Researching St. Louis History". Research Guides. University of Missouri–St. Louis.
- "250 Years in 20 Minutes: a Crash Course in the Large Events that Shaped St. Louis". stl250. 2013.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to St. Louis, various dates
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