Isotopes of titanium

Naturally occurring titanium (Ti) is composed of 5 stable isotopes; ⁴⁶Ti, ⁴⁷Ti, ⁴⁸Ti, ⁴⁹Ti and ⁵⁰Ti with ⁴⁸Ti being the most abundant (73.8% natural abundance). Twenty-one radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being ⁴⁴Ti with a half-life of 60 years, ⁴⁵Ti with a half-life of 184.8 minutes, ⁵¹Ti with a half-life of 5.76 minutes, and ⁵²Ti with a half-life of 1.7 minutes. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 33 seconds and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half a second.^[1] The least stable is ⁶¹Ti with a half-life somewhat longer than 300 nanoseconds.

The isotopes of titanium range in atomic weight from 38.01 u (³⁸Ti) to 62.99 u (⁶³Ti). The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, ⁴⁸Ti, is β⁺ and the primary mode after is β⁻. The primary decay products before ⁴⁸Ti are scandium isotopes and the primary products after are vanadium isotopes.^[1]

Relative atomic mass: 47.867(1)

Table

nuclide symbol	Z(p)	N(n)	isotopic mass (u)	half-life	decay mode(s)[2][n 1]	daughter isotope(s)[n 2]	nuclear spin	representative isotopic composition (mole fraction)	range of natural variation (mole fraction)
	excitation energy
^38Ti	22	16	38.00977(27)#	<120 ns	2p	^36Ca	0+
^39Ti	22	17	39.00161(22)#	31(4) ms [31(+6-4) ms]	β^+, p (85%)	^38Ca	3/2+#
					β^+ (15%)	^39Sc
					β^+, 2p (<.1%)	^37K
^40Ti	22	18	39.99050(17)	53.3(15) ms	β^+ (56.99%)	^40Sc	0+
					β^+, p (43.01%)	^39Ca
^41Ti	22	19	40.98315(11)#	80.4(9) ms	β^+, p (>99.9%)	^40Ca	3/2+
					β^+ (<.1%)	^41Sc
^42Ti	22	20	41.973031(6)	199(6) ms	β^+	^42Sc	0+
^43Ti	22	21	42.968522(7)	509(5) ms	β^+	^43Sc	7/2−
^43m1Ti	313.0(10) keV			12.6(6) µs			(3/2+)
^43m2Ti	3066.4(10) keV			560(6) ns			(19/2−)
^44Ti	22	22	43.9596901(8)	60.0(11) y	EC	^44Sc	0+
^45Ti	22	23	44.9581256(11)	184.8(5) min	β^+	^45Sc	7/2−
^46Ti	22	24	45.9526316(9)	Stable			0+	0.0825(3)
^47Ti	22	25	46.9517631(9)	Stable			5/2−	0.0744(2)
^48Ti	22	26	47.9479463(9)	Stable			0+	0.7372(3)
^49Ti	22	27	48.9478700(9)	Stable			7/2−	0.0541(2)
^50Ti	22	28	49.9447912(9)	Stable			0+	0.0518(2)
^51Ti	22	29	50.946615(1)	5.76(1) min	β^−	^51V	3/2−
^52Ti	22	30	51.946897(8)	1.7(1) min	β^−	^52V	0+
^53Ti	22	31	52.94973(11)	32.7(9) s	β^−	^53V	(3/2)−
^54Ti	22	32	53.95105(13)	1.5(4) s	β^−	^54V	0+
^55Ti	22	33	54.95527(16)	490(90) ms	β^−	^55V	3/2−#
^56Ti	22	34	55.95820(21)	164(24) ms	β^− (>99.9%)	^56V	0+
					β^−, n (<.1%)	^55V
^57Ti	22	35	56.96399(49)	60(16) ms	β^− (>99.9%)	^57V	5/2−#
					β^−, n (<.1%)	^56V
^58Ti	22	36	57.96697(75)#	54(7) ms	β^−	^58V	0+
^59Ti	22	37	58.97293(75)#	30(3) ms	β^−	^59V	(5/2−)#
^60Ti	22	38	59.97676(86)#	22(2) ms	β^−	^60V	0+
^61Ti	22	39	60.98320(97)#	10# ms [>300 ns]	β^−	^61V	1/2−#
					β^−, n	^60V
^62Ti	22	40	61.98749(97)#	10# ms			0+
^63Ti	22	41	62.99442(107)#	3# ms			1/2−#

1. Abbreviations:
   EC: Electron capture
2. Bold for stable isotopes

Notes

• Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
• Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.
• Nuclide masses are given by IUPAP Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants (SUNAMCO)
• Isotope abundances are given by IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights

References

1. Barbalace, Kenneth L. (2006). "Periodic Table of Elements: Ti - Titanium". Retrieved 2006-12-26.
2. "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. (registration required (help)).

• Isotope masses from:
  • G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
• Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
  • J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
  • M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. Lay summary.
• Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
  • G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
  • National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved September 2005.
  • N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.