Tom yum

For the film, see Tom-Yum-Goong.
Tom yum

Tom yam kung as served in Bangkok, Thailand
Alternative names Tom yam
Type Soup
Place of origin Laos and Central Thailand
Associated national cuisine Thai
Serving temperature Hot
Main ingredients stock, lemon grass, kaffir lime leaves, galangal, lime juice, fish sauce, chili peppers
Cookbook: Tom yum  Media: Tom yum

Tom yum, rtgs: tom yam, Thai: ต้มยำ,  [tôm.jām]) is a Thai soup, usually cooked with shrimp.[1] Tom yum is widely served in neighbouring countries such as Cambodia, Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore, and has been popularised around the world.

Literally, the words "tom yam" are derived from two Thai words: "tom" and "yam". "Tom" refers to boiling process, while "yam" refers to a Thai spicy and sour salad. Indeed, tom yum is characterised by its distinct hot and sour flavours, with fragrant spices and herbs generously used in the broth. The basic broth is made of stock and fresh ingredients such as lemongrass, kaffir lime leaves, galangal, lime juice, fish sauce, and crushed chili peppers.

Commercial tom yum paste is made by crushing all the herb ingredients and stir frying in oil. Seasoning and other preservative ingredients are then added. The paste is bottled or packaged and sold around the world. Tom yum flavored with the paste may have different characteristics from that made with fresh herb ingredients. The soup often includes meats such as chicken, beef, pork, or shrimp.

The 1997 Financial Crisis in Asia, which started in Thailand, is sometimes referred to as the "Tom Yam Kung Crisis".[2]

Origin

Tom yum is a soup dish originated in Laos and Thailand.[3] Since the time of its origin, this soup is popular in Thai cuisine as well as in neighboring cuisines such as in cuisine of Singapore.

Selected types

Tom yam kung maphrao on nam khon, as served in Uttaradit, Thailand
Ready-to-use bundles of lemon grass, galangal, lime leaves, and, for chicken tom yum, also turmeric, are sold at Thai markets

In the modern popularized versions the soup contains also mushrooms - usually straw mushrooms or oyster mushrooms. The soup is often topped with generous sprinkling of fresh chopped cilantro (coriander leaves). Sometimes Thai chili jam (nam phrik phao, Thai: น้ำพริกเผา) is added: this gives the soup a bright orange color and makes the chili flavor more pronounced.

Other sour and spicy soups

Less well-known outside Thailand is tom khlong (ต้มโคล้ง), a spicy sour soup where the sourness, however, does not derive from lime juice but through the use of tamarind.[12] Tom som (Thai: ต้มส้ม) are soups that are also very similar to tom yum but most often do not contain lemongrass or kaffir lime leaves. Depending on the type of tom som, the acidity can be derived from lime juice or from the use of tamarind.[13][14]

See also

References

  1. "Tom Yam Kung : Not only tasty but with medicinal properties - Thiaways". thaiwaysmagazine.com. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
  2. From Tom-yam-kung To Hamburger Crisis
  3. "Tom Yum Gai – Suwanee’s Kitchen". Chiang Rai Times. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  4. "Tom Yam Kung". thaiwaysmagazine.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  5. "Tom Yam Kung Recipe, Hot and Sour Soup with Shrimp". thaifoodmaster.com. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  6. "Spicecuisine.com". spicecuisine.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  7. "Merry's Kitchen - Sour and Spicy Chicken Soup (Tom Yam Kai)". melroseflowers.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  8. "Spicecuisine.com". spicecuisine.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  9. Leela (2012-02-07). "Creamy Tom Yam Kung (Tom Yam Kung Nam Khon ต้มยำกุ้งน้ำข้น)". Retrieved 2013-01-31.
  10. Hanuman Thaifoodmaster. "[Thaifoodmaster] Fresh Coconut Milk Tom Yum Soup Recipe of Grilled Banana Blossom and Chicken (สูตรทำต้มยำกะทิหัวปลีย่างใส่ไก่)". Thaifoodmaster. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  11. "ต้มยำขาหมู". YouTube. 10 March 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  12. Tom klong pla krob (ต้มโคล้งปลากรอบ)
  13. "Clay's Kitchen : Tam Ra Ahan Thai (Thai Recipes) ตำราอาหารไทย". panix.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  14. "Clay's Kitchen : Tam Ra Ahan Thai (Thai Recipes) ตำราอาหารไทย". panix.com. Retrieved 27 February 2015.

External links

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