United States Grand Prix West
Coordinates: 33°46′01″N 118°11′22″W / 33.766914°N 118.189328°W
| Long Beach Grand Prix | |
 | |
| Race information | |
|---|---|
| Number of times held | 8 |
| First held | 1976 |
| Last held | 1983 |
| Most wins (constructors) |
 Ferrari (3) |
| Circuit length | 3.275 km (2.04 mi) |
| Race length | 245.625 km (152.62 mi) |
| Laps | 75 |
| Last race (1983) | |
| Pole position | |
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| Podium | |
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| Fastest lap | |
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The United States Grand Prix West was a race held at Long Beach, California, as a Formula 5000 race in 1975 and a Formula One world championship event from 1976 to 1983 held in the same location throughout those years.
History
With the east coast Watkins Glen track on the downslope after two fatalities in successive years and a politically charged 1975 event, the USGP West was created for the 1976 season on a tight circuit made up of city streets in Long Beach, California, located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area on the west coast. A Formula 5000 race was held there in 1975, and the US was just the second country (after Italy in 1957) to host two Championship F1 events in the same season. Southern California had seen a championship Formula One race before; the 1960 United States Grand Prix was held at Riverside Raceway, which was just an hour from Long Beach. Like most street circuits used in Formula One and other disciplines of motor racing, Long Beach gained a reputation for being a grueling race that was very punishing on the car and driver. The circuit was an immediate success from its first race in 1976, and it became the U.S.'s answer to the Monaco Grand Prix. The 1976 event was won by Swiss Clay Regazzoni in a Ferrari with his teammate Niki Lauda finishing 2nd and Patrick Depailler finishing 3rd while furiously charging through the field after an incident he had early in the race. 1977 saw a race-long battle between Lauda, South African Jody Scheckter in a Wolf and American Mario Andretti in a Lotus. After being stuck behind Scheckter for most of the race, Andretti outbraked the South African into Queen's Hairpin and took victory; Lauda also passed Scheckter and took 2nd; and the Wolf driver completed the podium with 3rd place.
1978 saw the start/finish line moved to the long sweeping Shoreline Drive at the bottom of the circuit, rather than starting where the pits were on Ocean Boulevard. So the race distance was 79 1/2 laps, and the parade lap went from the pits to the start on Shoreline Drive rather than completing a whole lap. That race was won by Argentine Carlos Reutemann and Australian Alan Jones finished a great 2nd place for the new Williams team, their first ever podium position. 1979 saw a confused start in which Reutemann was prevented from joining the start after trouble with his Lotus during the warm-up, and the field were not stopped under orders, so Canadian pole-sitter Gilles Villeneuve did not stop and the field followed him back to the pits, and Frenchman Jacques Laffite's engine seized and he hopped into the spare car. Reutemann went out anyway; he retired with gearbox problems. The race saw a spirited drive from Frenchman Jean-Pierre Jarier in the Tyrrell, where he climbed up to 2nd behind Villeneuve in a Ferrari; although he had to drop back to finish 6th; Villeneuve won from his teammate Scheckter. 1980 saw a number of incidents, including a messy pile-up at the Le Gasomet hairpin in which Jarier and 4 other cars crashed in the midst of the confusion caused by Jarier's accident, and Clay Regazzoni in an Ensign crashed appallingly when his brakes failed at 180 mph at the end of Shoreline Drive. While going off the course, the Swiss driver hit Ricardo Zunino's crashed and stationary Brabham at full speed, he then hit the wall next to the track and went straight-on past Queen's Hairpin and crashed into retaining tire barriers head-on, still moving extremely quickly. This devastating accident was not seen to be survivable, but Regazzoni did survive, but with severe spinal injuries which left him paralyzed from the waist down; he never raced in F1 again but did race again in other forms of motorsports, albeit with hand controls rather than pedals. Brazilian Nelson Piquet dominated that race weekend, it was his first of 23 F1 victories, with his countryman Emerson Fittipaldi taking 3rd. 1981 saw a slight change to the course, with one of the left handers at Pine Avenue being made from 2 corners to one corner. This race saw Italian Riccardo Patrese take pole position from the dominant Williams duo of Alan Jones and Reutemann; Patrese eventually dropped back with mechanical problems and Reutemann made a mistake at one of the turns on Pine Avenue and Jones slipped by to take the lead, which he held until the checkered flag.
1982 saw changes to the circuit, which removed Queen's Hairpin and most of Pine Avenue. A whole new section of road was used for the race; the Clos esses were changed and there was a chicane placed on Shoreline Drive, and the race distance was shortened from 79.5 to 75.5 laps. This race saw Ferrari take a neutral side on the FISA-FOCA war by mounting 2 different sized wings on the back of their cars as a symbol of where the conflict would go, these 2 wings exploited a loophole in the regulations; there was no rule saying how many wings could be on an F1 car at a championship event at that time. Niki Lauda won the race, his 3rd since his temporary retirement from Finn Keke Rosberg in a Williams, and the Finn battled fiercely with Villeneuve in his more powerful turbo-charged Ferrari; Villeneuve finished 3rd but was disqualified because of the two wings mounted on the back of his car. American Mario Andretti made a one-off appearance for the Williams team; he crashed on the 20th lap.
In the final event in 1983, the track was modified further. The elevated Ocean Boulevard and the steep runs up to and down were no longer used; and Seaside Way, a road (level with the rest of the circuit) that runs parallel to Ocean Boulevard was used instead. The pits were moved down to Shoreline Drive, the circuit also included a number of tight turns built around the Convention Center and a slightly shortened Le Gasomet hairpin. John Watson won from 22nd place on the grid, the farthest back from which a modern Grand Prix driver had ever come to win a race, taking advantage the front runners retiring and an incident between Rosberg and Frenchman Patrick Tambay. Watson's teammate Lauda finished 2nd after starting from 23rd on the grid.
After the 1983 event, the event was deemed too expensive to run. Rumors persisted during the whole 1983 weekend that race organizer Chris Pook, the main figure in the attempt to create a "Monte Carlo of the United States" in Long Beach, had decided that Formula One was too expensive and risky. He had been approached by CART and announced after the 1983 F1 race that he planned to run an IndyCar race at Long Beach in 1984 instead of F1. Despite tremendous success since the race's inception in 1976, and the observable impact of the global exposure it brought to the city, the organizers believed that the less expensive and domestically more popular CART championship with mostly American drivers such as Mario Andretti, would be a more promising investment. The IndyCar race proved to be a mainstay and is still being run. It is one of the most popular and well-attended races on that calendar.
Part of the interior of the circuit is the 13,600 seat Long Beach Convention Center which also doubled as the pit paddock for the Formula One teams when in Long Beach.
Absence
There have been reports that Formula One is going to replace IndyCar for the event as early as 2016. IndyCar's contract with the city of Long Beach is going to expire in 2015. The city's council is going to meet on Tuesday, March 4, 2014 to consider bids from motorsports organizations such as F1 and IndyCar. Formula One boss Bernie Ecclestone has expressed interest in having Formula One in the highly populated Los Angeles metropolitan area again.[1][2] On April 1, 2014, the Long Beach City Council informed the race's organizer that the IndyCar Series will continue to host the event until 2018.[3]
Winners of the United States Grand Prix West
See also Grand Prix of Long Beach
Repeat winners (constructors)
Embolded teams are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.
| # of wins | Constructor | Years won |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | Ferrari |
1976, 1978, 1979 |
| 2 |  McLaren |
1982, 1983 |
By year
| Year | Driver | Constructor | Location | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | John Watson |
McLaren-Ford | Long Beach | Report |
| 1982 |  Niki Lauda |
McLaren-Ford | Report | |
| 1981 |  Alan Jones |
Williams-Ford | Report | |
| 1980 |  Nelson Piquet |
Brabham-Ford | Report | |
| 1979 |  Gilles Villeneuve |
Ferrari | Report | |
| 1978 |  Carlos Reutemann |
Ferrari | Report | |
| 1977 |  Mario Andretti |
Lotus-Ford | Report | |
| 1976 |  Clay Regazzoni |
Ferrari | Report |
See also
- United States Grand Prix
- Detroit Grand Prix
- Dallas Grand Prix
- Caesars Palace Grand Prix
- Grand Prix of America
References
- ↑ Collantine, Keith (April 16, 2013). "F1 tipped to replace IndyCar at Long Beach". NBC Sports. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ↑ Garrett, Jerry (March 4, 2014). "Monday Motorsports: Harvick Derails the Earnhardt Express". The New York Times. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ↑ Bradley, Eric; Robes Meeks, Karen (April 2, 2014). "Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach gets 3-year extension, then Formula One could return". Press-Telegram. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
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