Waimea, Hawaii County, Hawaii
| Waimea, Hawaii | |
|---|---|
| Census-designated place | |
|
Cattle pastures just outside Waimea | |
 Location in Hawaii County and the state of Hawaii | |
| Coordinates: 20°1′13″N 155°40′4″W / 20.02028°N 155.66778°WCoordinates: 20°1′13″N 155°40′4″W / 20.02028°N 155.66778°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Hawaii |
| County | Hawaii |
| Area | |
| • Total | 38.9 sq mi (101 km2) |
| • Land | 38.8 sq mi (100 km2) |
| • Water | 0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 9,212 |
| • Density | 237.4/sq mi (91.7/km2) |
| Time zone | Hawaii-Aleutian (UTC-10) |
| ZIP code | 96743 |
| Area code(s) | 808 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2414164 |
Waimea is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hawaiʻi County, Hawaiʻi, United States. The population was 7,028 at the 2000 census and 9,212 at the 2010 census. Since each U.S. state cannot have more than one post office of the same name, and there is a post office in Waimea county on Kauai, the official US Post Office name for Waimea is Kamuela.
Waimea is the largest town in the interior of the Big Island, and is the center for ranching activities and paniolo culture. The Parker Ranch in and around Waimea is the largest privately owned cattle ranch in the US, and the annual Fourth of July rodeo is a major event. The Waimea Cherry Blossom Heritage Festival, held annually in the first week of February, has recently become another major event of the town.[1] In the center of town you can find Hawaiian art at the Isaacs Art Center and the Wishard Gallery.
Waimea is also home to the headquarters of two astronomical observatories located on Mauna Kea, the W. M. Keck Observatory and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. It is also headquarters of the International Lunar Observatory Association.[2]
History
Native Hawaiian
It is believed that the watershed area of the Kohala mountains once supported several thousand native Hawaiians, who practiced subsistence agriculture, made kapa, and thatched living structures. As the Europeans arrived in the area, most of the sandalwood (Santalum ellipticum) forests were harvested and the land became ideal for grazing animals. California longhorn cattle were given as a gift to Hawaiian King Kamehameha I by British Captain George Vancouver in 1793.[3] In 1809, John Palmer Parker arrived to the area after jumping ship and over time became employed by the king to tame the population of cattle, which at this point had grown out of control. In 1815 Parker married Kipikane, the daughter of a high-ranking chief, and as a family developed what is now Parker Ranch, the largest ranch in the area.[4] Waimea's post office name Kamuela is the Hawaiian name for Samuel, named after Samuel Parker (1853–1920), the grandson of John Parker.[5][6]
Spanish
The early 19th century also saw the arrival from the Viceroyalty of New Spain and Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata of the horse and Spanish vaqueros ('cowboys'), bringing the traditional Euro-Latin culture of riding and roping skills. The king hired these vaqueros to teach Hawaiians herding and ranching skills, and by 1836 the island had working cowboys. As the Hawaiian culture and Latin vaquero cultured commingled, a unique breed of cowboy emerged, the paniolo.[7]
World War II
During World War II beef and vegetable prices increased and farmers returned to cultivate maize, beets, cabbage and a variety of other green vegetables. Farm and ranchland acreage increased from 75 in 1939 to 518 in 1946.[4] Waimea also saw many soldiers during this time who built a large temporary tent city, Camp Tarawa. When the war was over and the military had left, Waimea had an entertainment center, now Kahilu Theatre, and an airstrip, now Waimea-Kohala Airport.
Geography
Waimea is located at 20°1′26″N 155°38′50″W / 20.02389°N 155.64722°W (20.023926, -155.647357),[8] and is 2676 feet (815 m) above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 38.8 square miles (100.5 km²), of which, 38.8 square miles (100.4 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²) of it (0.15%) is water.
Demographics
As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 7,028 people, 2,371 households, and 1,782 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 181.4 people per square mile (70.0/km²). There were 2,589 housing units at an average density of 66.8 per square mile (25.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 30.65% White, 0.33% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 20.29% Asian, 15.61% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 0.73% from other races, and 32.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.80% of the population.
There were 2,371 households out of which 39.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 18.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.36.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 29.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $51,150, and the median income for a family was $55,822. Males had a median income of $36,710 versus $27,217 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,773. About 4.2% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.
Climate
Waimea displays a warm summer Mediterranean Climate (Köppen climate classification Csb)
| Climate data for Waimea | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 72.6 (22.6) |
72.2 (22.3) |
72.5 (22.5) |
73.3 (22.9) |
74.0 (23.3) |
74.5 (23.6) |
74.6 (23.7) |
75.7 (24.3) |
76.8 (24.9) |
76.8 (24.9) |
74.7 (23.7) |
72.1 (22.3) |
74.15 (23.42) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 50.4 (10.2) |
50.6 (10.3) |
51.7 (10.9) |
52.8 (11.6) |
54.3 (12.4) |
55.4 (13) |
56.4 (13.6) |
57.1 (13.9) |
56.9 (13.8) |
55.2 (12.9) |
54.2 (12.3) |
52.3 (11.3) |
53.94 (12.18) |
| Average rainfall inches (mm) | 4.74 (120.4) |
3.76 (95.5) |
3.84 (97.5) |
3.08 (78.2) |
1.74 (44.2) |
1.34 (34) |
1.97 (50) |
2.27 (57.7) |
0.89 (22.6) |
1.89 (48) |
2.94 (74.7) |
4.22 (107.2) |
32.68 (830) |
| Source: http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?hi3077 | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ 22nd annual Waimea Cherry Blossom Heritage Festival on Hawaii Island, Feb. 7
- ↑ iloa.org
- ↑ Bergin, Billy (2004). Loyal to the Land: The Legendary Parker Ranch, 750-1950. University of Hawaii Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-8248-2692-5.
- 1 2 http://www.kamuela.com/history.asp
- ↑ Mary Kawena Pukui, Samuel Hoyt Elbert and Esther T. Mookini (2004). "lookup of Kamuela ". in Place Names of Hawai'i. Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library, University of Hawaii Press. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
- ↑ Lloyd J. Soehren (2010). "lookup of Kamuela ". in Hawaiian Place Names. Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
- ↑ http://gohawaii.about.com/od/bigisland/a/waimea_001a.htm
- ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
