Wangkumara language

Wangkumara
Wongkumara
Region	Queensland
Extinct	probably by 2005[1]
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Karnic Ngura Wangkumara
Dialects	Wangkumara Punthamara (Bundhamara)[2] Ngandangara (Yarumarra, Eromarra)[3]
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Variously: xpt – Punthamara xwk – Wangkumara eaa – Karenggapa ntg – Ngantangarra
Glottolog	punt1240  (Punthamara)[4] wong1246  (Wongkumara)[5] yaru1254  (Yarumarra)[6]
AIATSIS[1]	L25 Wangkumara, L15 Karenggapa, L26 Punthamara, L30 Ngandangara

Wangkumara or Wanggumara is an Australian Aboriginal language of the widespread Pama–Nyungan family. It is sometimes classified as a dialect of the Ngura language. In 1981 it was still spoken by 4 members of the Wangkumara people around Cooper Creek, the Thomson River and the Warry Warry Creek, the town of Eromanga and the Nuccundra ^[7] in Queensland, Australia; today it might be already extinct.

Dixon (2002) considers Punthamara to be a dialect, Bowern (2001) as very close. Bowern also says that Ngandangara appears to have been "very close", though data is too poor for a proper classification.^[3] Karenggapa is either a dialect or an alternative name.^[8]

Wangkumara is notable for being a language with a tripartite verbal alignment.

References

1. Wangkumara at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies  (see the info box for additional links)
2. RMW Dixon (2002), Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development, p xxxvii
3. Bowern, Claire (2001). "Karnic classification revisited". In J Simpson; et al. Forty years on. Canberra Pacific Linguistics. pp. 245–260. Archived from the original on 2012-05-19.
4. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Punthamara". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
5. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Wongkumara". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
6. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Yarumarra". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
7. Australian Dictionary of Biography (2006-00-00). "Dixon, Lorna Rose (1917? - 1976)". Retrieved 2007-07-23. Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

• Verb compounding in central Australian languages.
• Bibliography of Bundhamara people and language resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies