Betaproteobacteria

Betaproteobacteria
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Betaproteobacteria
Orders
Aquamonas 'Candidatus Accumulibacter' 'Candidatus Nitrotoga' 'Candidatus Tremblaya' Denitrobacter Ferrovum Imtechium Kinetoplastibacterium Proteinimicrobium Ultramicrobacter Burkholderiales Alcaligenaceae Burkholderiaceae Comamonadaceae Oxalobacteraceae Sutterellaceae "Ferritrophicales" "Ferritrophicaceae" "Gallionellales" Gallionellaceae Hydrogenophilales Hydrogenophilaceae Methylophilales Methylophilaceae Neisseriales Neisseriaceae Nitrosomonadales Nitrosomonadaceae Spirillaceae "Procabacteriales" "Procabacteriaceae" Rhodocyclales Rhodocyclaceae

Betaproteobacteria are a class of Proteobacteria.^[1] Betaproteobacteria are, like all Proteobacteria, Gram-negative.

The Betaproteobacteria consist of several groups of aerobic or facultative bacteria that are often highly versatile in their degradation capacities, but also contain chemolithotrophic genera (e.g., the ammonia-oxidising genus Nitrosomonas) and some phototrophs (members of the genera Rhodocyclus and Rubrivivax). Betaproteobacteria play a role in nitrogen fixation in various types of plants, oxidizing ammonium to produce nitrite – an important chemical for plant function. Many of them are found in environmental samples, such as waste water or soil.^[2] Pathogenic species within this class are the Neisseriaceae (gonorrhea and meningitis) and species of the genus Burkholderia.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature^[3] and National Center for Biotechnology Information^[4] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 by 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project ^[5]

?Aquamonas fontana ♠ Yokota & Ding 2003 ?'Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis' Hesselmann et al. 1999 ?'Candidatus Nitrotoga arctica' Alawi et al. 2007 ?'Candidatus Procabacter acanthamoebae' Horn et al. 2002 ?'Candidatus Tremblaya' Thao et al. 2002 ?Denitrobacter permanens ♠ Frette et al. 1997 ?Ferritrophicum radicicola ♠ Weiss et al. 2007 ?Ferrovum myxofaciens ♠ Johnson & Hallberg 2006 ?Gallionellaceae (Iron Bacteria) ?Imtechium assamiensis ♠ Saha & Chakrabarti 2004 ?Kinetoplastibacterium ♠ Du et al. 1994 ?Proteinimicrobium ihbtica ♠ Kasana 2007 ?Ultramicrobacter hongkongensis ♠ Fang et al. 2006 Hydrogenophilaceae Rhodocyclaceae 2 Rhodocyclaceae 1 Rhodocyclaceae 3 Nitrosomonadaceae Sulfuricella denitrificans Kojima and Fukui 2010 Methylophilaceae Thiobacter subterraneus Hirayama et al. 2005 Neisseriaceae [incl. Chitinimonas] Spirillum Ehrenberg 1832 emend. Podkopaeva et al. 2009 Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904 Burkholderiales

Notes:
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)

See also

• Gammaproteobacteria

References

1. "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov". Retrieved 2009-03-19.
2. Holt, Jack R. and Carlos A. Iudica. "The Taxa of Life". Susquehanna University. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
3. J.P. Euzéby. "Betaproteobacteria". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2011-11-17.
4. Sayers; et al. "Betaproteobacteria". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
5. 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2011-11-17.

External links

• Betaproteobacteria at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)