(+)-alpha-pinene synthase

(+)-alpha-pinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.121, (+)-alpha-pinene cyclase, cyclase I) is an enzyme with systematic name geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, (+)-alpha-pinene-forming).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

geranyl diphosphate

\rightleftharpoons

(+)-alpha-pinene + diphosphate

Cyclase I of Salvia officinalis (sage) gives about equal parts (+)-alpha-pinene and (+)-camphene.

References

↑ Gambliel, H. and Croteau, R. (1984). "Pinene cyclases I and II. Two enzymes from sage (Salvia officinalis) which catalyze stereospecific cyclizations of geranyl pyrophosphate to monoterpene olefins of opposite configuration". J. Biol. Chem. 259 (2): 740–748. PMID 6693393.
↑ Croteau, R., Satterwhite, D.M., Cane, D.E. and Chang, C.C. (1988). "Biosynthesis of monoterpenes. Enantioselectivity in the enzymatic cyclization of (+)- and (-)-linalyl pyrophosphate to (+)- and (-)-pinene and (+)- and (-)-camphene". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (21): 10063–10071. PMID 3392006.
↑ Wagschal, K.C., Pyun, H.J., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R. (1994). "Monoterpene biosynthesis: isotope effects associated with bicyclic olefin formation catalyzed by pinene synthases from sage (Salvia officinalis)". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308: 477–487. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1068. PMID 8109978.
↑ Pyun, H.J., Wagschal, K.C., Jung, D.I., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R. (1994). "Stereochemistry of the proton elimination in the formation of (+)- and (-)-α-pinene by monoterpene cyclases from sage (Salvia officinalis)". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308: 488–496. doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1069. PMID 8109979.
↑ Phillips, M.A., Savage, T.J. and Croteau, R. (1999). "Monoterpene synthases of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) produce pinene isomers and enantiomers". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 372: 197–204. doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1467. PMID 10562434.
↑ Phillips, M.A., Wildung, M.R., Williams, D.C., Hyatt, D.C. and Croteau, R. (2003). "cDNA isolation, functional expression, and characterization of (+)-α-pinene synthase and (-)-α-pinene synthase from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda): stereocontrol in pinene biosynthesis". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 411 (2): 267–276. doi:10.1016/s0003-9861(02)00746-4. PMID 12623076.

External links

( )-alpha-pinene synthase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Carbon-oxygen lyases (EC 4.2) (primarily dehydratases)

4.2.1: Hydro-Lyases	Carbonic anhydrase Fumarase Aconitase Enolase Alpha Enolase 2 Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase Tryptophan synthase Cystathionine beta synthase Porphobilinogen synthase 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase Urocanase Uroporphyrinogen III synthase Nitrile hydratase

4.2.2: Acting on polysaccharides	Hyaluronate lyase

4.2.3: Acting on phosphates	Threonine synthase

4.2.99: Other	Carboxymethyloxysuccinate lyase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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