1657 in England

← 1656 1655 1654 1657 in England → 1658 1659 1660
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See also:	Other events of 1657

Events from the year 1657 in The Protectorate.

Incumbents

• Lord Protector - Oliver Cromwell

Events

• January - Regional military government in England abolished.^[1]
• 8 January - Miles Sindercombe and his group of disaffected Levellers are betrayed in their attempt to assassinate Oliver Cromwell by blowing up the Palace of Whitehall in London and arrested.^[2]
• 4 February - Resettlement of the Jews in England: Oliver Cromwell gives Antonio Fernandez Carvajal the assurance of the right of Jews to remain in England. This year the country's first Jewish cemetery in modern times is opened in London.^[3]
• 23 February - Oliver Cromwell is offered the Crown by the Humble Petition and Advice.^[4]
• 13 March - Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660): With the Treaty of Paris, France and England form an alliance against Spain;^[5] England receives Dunkirk.
• 20 April - Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Admiral Robert Blake destroys a Spanish treasure fleet under heavy fire at Santa Cruz de Tenerife.^[5]
• 8 May - Cromwell formally rejects the offer to become King.^[2]
• 9 June - Act establishes the office of Postmaster General.
• 26 June^[2]
  • Cromwell is installed as Lord Protector for the second time at a ceremony at Westminster.
  • Parliament reinforces the "Oath of Abjuration": anyone refusing to swear an oath to renounce the Pope's supremacy is to be "adjudged a Papist" and suffer confiscation of two-thirds of their property.
• 13 July - Following his refusal to take the oath of allegiance to Oliver Cromwell, English army leader John Lambert is ordered to resign his commissions.^[2]
• Undated - England's first chocolate house is opened in London,^[6] together with the Rainbow Coffee House, the city's second such establishment.

Publications

• Thomas Middleton's tragedy Women Beware Women (posthumous).^[5]

Births

• 26 January - William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1737)
• 29 January - Francis Moore, astrologer (died 1715)
• 10 June - James Craggs the Elder, politician (died 1721)
• 26 November - William Derham, minister and writer (died 1735)
• 14 December - Edmund Dunch, Member of Parliament (died 1719)
• Clopton Havers, physician (died 1702)
• approx. date - Elizabeth Villiers, Royal mistress (died 1733)

Deaths

• 13 February - Miles Sindercombe, failed assassin of Oliver Cromwell (year of birth unknown) (suicide by poisoning while awaiting execution)
• 3 June - William Harvey, physician (born 1578)
• 17 August - Robert Blake, admiral (born 1599)
• 29 August - John Lilburne, dissenter (born c. 1614)
• November - John French, physician and chemist (born c. 1616)
• 20 November - Sir Hugh Cholmeley, 1st Baronet, Member of Parliament (born 1600)
• 5 December - Drowned in shipwreck on the Goodwin Sands:
  • Sir John Reynolds, soldier (born 1625)
  • Major Francis White, soldier (year of birth unknown)
• Richard Lovelace, poet (born 1617)

References

1. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 187–188. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. "1657". British Civil Wars. Commonwealth and Protectorate 1638-60. 2010-06-07. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
3. "Sephardi Velho (Old) Cemetery". London Gardens Online. London Parks & Gardens Trust. Retrieved 2014-07-16.
4. Morrill, John (2004). "Cromwell, Oliver (1599–1658)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6765. Retrieved 2012-02-17. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
5. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 267–268. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
6. "Chocolate Arrives in England". Cadbury. Archived from the original on 2012-02-19. Retrieved 2012-02-17.

See also