1130s in England

1130s in England:

Other decades

1110s | 1120s | 1130s | 1140s | 1150s

Events from the 1130s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch - Henry I (to 1 December 1135), Stephen

Events

• 1130
  • New choir of Canterbury Cathedral completed.^[1]
• 1131
  • 8 September - The barons swear allegiance to Matilda as the true heir of Henry I of England.^[2]
  • Cistercians found Rievaulx Abbey in Yorkshire.^[1]
  • Gilbertine Order of nuns founded by Gilbert of Sempringham in Lincolnshire, the only completely English religious order.^[3]
• 1132
  • Benedictines found Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire.^[4]
• 1133
  • August - King Henry I leaves England for the last time for Normandy.
  • A royal charter establishes the first annual Bartholomew Fair at Smithfield, London; later to become England's largest cloth fair.^[1]
  • First Bishop of Carlisle (Æthelwold) consecrated.^[1]
  • Rebuilt Exeter Cathedral consecrated.
• 1134
  • Byland Abbey founded by the Congregation of Savigny.^[5]
• 1135
  • 1 December - King Henry I dies (at Lyons-la-Forêt in Normandy) having nominated Matilda as his heir.^[2]
  • 22 December - Stephen of Blois, nephew of Henry I, claims the throne.^[2]
  • 26 December - Coronation of Stephen of England at Westminster Abbey.^[2]
  • A fire in London seriously damages St Paul's Cathedral and London Bridge.^[6]
  • Bruton Abbey and Buildwas Abbey founded.
• 1136
  • 1 January - Revolt in Wales; Welsh capture Swansea and Cardigan from the Normans.^[1]
  • 4 January - Henry I is buried in his foundation, Reading Abbey (tomb dedicated 1 December).
  • 5 February - By the Treaty of Durham, Stephen concedes Cumberland to David I of Scotland.^[1]
  • Hospital of St Cross, an almshouse in Winchester, is established by Bishop Henry of Blois; it will still be functioning in the 21st century.
  • Geoffrey of Monmouth writes Historia Regum Britanniae.^[1]
• 1137
  • March - Stephen fails in his attempt to re-capture Normandy from Matilda.^[1]
  • June - York Minster and city are severely damaged by a fire, but the Minster is soon rebuilt.
  • Rochester Cathedral is severely damaged by a fire, but is soon rebuilt.
• 1138
  • January–February - King David I of Scotland raids Northumberland, taking the Bishop of Durham's Norham Castle (garrisoned only by nine), and besieges the castle at Wark on Tweed.^[7]
  • May - The Anarchy: Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, leads a rebellion against King Stephen in favour of his half-sister Matilda.^[2]
  • 10 June - Battle of Clitheroe: Having harried Craven in Yorkshire, David I of Scotland's nephew William fitz Duncan meets and defeats an English force on the edge of the Bowland Fells.^[7]
  • 22 August - Battle of the Standard: English army defeats that of David I of Scotland at Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire.^[1]
  • Alcester Abbey and Bourne Abbey established.
• 1139
  • 8 January - Theobald of Bec enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 9 April - The second Treaty of Durham between King Stephen of England and David I of Scotland; David's son Earl Henry takes control of most of Northumberland, excluding Bamburgh and Newcastle upon Tyne.^[1]
  • June - Stephen orders the arrest of Roger of Salisbury, Justiciar and Bishop of Salisbury, and Alexander of Lincoln, Bishop of Lincoln.^[2]
  • 30 September - The Anarchy: Empress Matilda lands near Arundel to begin her campaign to regain the throne from Stephen.^[2]
  • 7 November - The Anarchy: Gloucester's army sacks Worcester.^[1]

Births

• 1130
  • Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (died 1176)
• 1133
  • 5 March - King Henry II of England (died 1189)
• 1136
  • William of Newburgh, historian (died c. 1198)

Deaths

• year unknown, after 1130
  • Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (born 1052)
• 1130
  • Maud, Countess of Huntingdon (born 1074)
• 1134
  • 28 March - Stephen Harding, saint and abbot
  • Mary and Eliza Chulkhurst, earliest known conjoined twins (born 1100)
• 1135
  • 1 December - King Henry I of England (born 1068/1069)
• 1136
  • 15 April - Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford (born 1094)
  • 21 November - William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1070)
• 1137
  • c.26 September - William Warelwast, Bishop of Exeter and diplomat
• 1138
  • William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
• 1139
  • 11 December - Roger of Salisbury, bishop and Lord Chancellor

References

1. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 61–63. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 120–122. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
3. Golding, Brian (1995). Gilbert of Sempringham and the Gilbertine Order. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820060-9.
4. "Fountains Abbey website". Archived from the original on 21 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
5. "Byland Abbey, Cistercians in Yorkshire Project". Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
6. Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. p. 287. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
7. Richard of Hexham (1853–58). Stevenson, Joseph, ed. De Gestis Regis Stephani. Church Historians of England, vol. 4, pt 1. Archived from the original on 6 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-29.

See also