1987 Giro d'Italia

1987 Giro d'Italia
Map of the 1987 Giro d'Italia route, from San Remo to Saint-Vincent
(stage courses in red; connections between host towns in green)
Race details
Dates 21 May – 13 June
Stages 22 + Prologue, including one split stage
Distance 3,915 km (2,433 mi)
Winning time 105h 39' 42" (37.045 km/h or 23.019 mph)
Palmares
Winner  Stephen Roche (IRL) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Second  Robert Millar (GBR) (Panasonic–Isostar)
Third  Erik Breukink (NED) (Panasonic–Isostar)
Points  Johan van der Velde (NED) (Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe)
Mountains  Robert Millar (GBR) (Panasonic–Isostar)
Youth  Roberto Conti (ITA) (Selca-Conti)
Combination  Stephen Roche (IRL) (Carrera Jeans–Vagabond)
Team Panasonic–Isostar

The 1987 Giro d'Italia was the 70th event in the series, one of cycling's Grand Tour races. It began on 21 May with a 4 km (2.5 mi) prologue in San Remo, and concluded on 13 June with a 32 km (19.9 mi) individual time trial in Saint-Vincent. A total of 180 riders from 20 teams entered the 22-stage, 3,915 km (2,433 mi)-long race, which was won by Irishman Stephen Roche of the Carrera Jeans–Vagabond team. Second and third places were taken by British rider Robert Millar and Dutchman Erik Breukink, respectively. It was the second time in the history of the Giro that the podium was occupied solely by non-Italian riders. Roche's victory in the 1987 Giro was his first step in completing the Triple Crown of Cycling – winning the Giro d'Italia, the Tour de France, and the World Championship road race in one calendar year – becoming the second rider ever to do so.

Roche's teammate and defending champion Roberto Visentini took the first race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey) after winning the opening prologue, only to lose it to Breukink the following stage. Roche took the overall lead after his team, Carrera Jeans-Vagabond, won the stage three team time trial. Visentini regained the lead for a two-day period after the stage 13 individual time trial. The fifteenth stage of the 1987 Giro has been recognized as an iconic event in the history of the race because Roche rode ahead of teammate Visentini, despite orders from the team management, and took the race lead. Roche successfully defended the overall lead from attacks by Visentini and other general classification contenders until the event's finish in Saint-Vincent.

Stephen Roche became the first Irishman to win the Giro d'Italia. In addition to the general classification, Roche also won the combination classification. In the other race classifications, Johan van der Velde of Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe won the points classification, Robert Millar of Panasonic–Isostar took the mountains classification green jersey, and Selca-Conti's Roberto Conti completed the Giro as the best neo-professional in the general classification, finishing fifteenth overall. Panasonic-Isostar finished as the winners of the team classification, which ranks each of the twenty teams contesting the race by lowest cumulative time.

Teams

The outside of a casino in Italy.
The team presentation ceremony took place on 21 May outside the Casino of San Remo.

A total of 20 teams were invited to participate in the 1987 Giro d'Italia.[1] Each team sent a squad of nine riders, which meant that the race started with a peloton of 180 cyclists. The presentation of the teams – where each team's roster and manager are introduced in front of the media and local dignitaries – took place on 20 May, outside the Casino of San Remo.[1][2] From the riders that began this edition, 133 completed the race.[3][4]

The teams entering the race were:[5]

Pre-race favorites

Reigning champion Roberto Visentini returned to the race in 1987 to defend his crown,[6] despite not winning many races in his spring campaign.[3] Francesco Moser, who won in 1984 and finished in the top three in 1985 and 1986, did not participate because of a head trauma and bruises sustained in a crash in the weeks prior to the race.[1][2][7] Spanish sports newspaper El Mundo Deportivo and Gian Paolo Ormezzano from Italy's La Stampa named several other riders as contenders for the overall classification, such as Giuseppe Saronni, then-world champion Moreno Argentin, Stephen Roche, and Robert Millar.[1][6] Since Toshiba–Look team leader Greg LeMond did not participate in the race due to injuries sustained in a hunting accident,[8] El Mundo Deportivo believed Jean-François Bernard to be a dark horse.[6][8] L'Unità writer Gino Sala believed Roche, Saronni, and Visentini were the top three challengers for the overall crown,[2] while Ormezzano considered that Argentin, Guido Bontempi, Urs Freuler, and Paolo Rosola all had a great chance to win a stage in the race.[1] Mario Fossati of La Repubblica also thought that Bernard, Bontempi, and Phil Anderson could take a stage win.[9]

There was a strong belief that the race would be a battle between Carrera Jeans-Vagabond teammates Visentini and Roche.[1][6] El Mundo Deportivo stated that Visentini had the edge in the time trial discipline and sprinting, while Roche had the advantage in climbing mountains.[6] However, unlike Visentini, Roche came into the race in great shape after winning the Tour de Romandie and placing second in the Liège–Bastogne–Liège and the Critérium International.[3][6][7] Cycling expert and author Bill McGann thought that the race would be disputed between Visentini and Gianbattista Baronchelli.[3]

Route and stages

A mountain in the distance.
Monte Terminillo hosted the end of the 134 km (83 mi) sixth stage and the start of the 205 km (127 mi) seventh stage.

The route for the 1987 edition of the Giro d'Italia was revealed to the public on television by head organizer Vincenzo Torriani on 21 February 1987.[10][11][12] Covering a total of 3,915 km (2,433 mi), it included five time trials (four individual and one for teams),[12] and thirteen stages with categorized climbs that awarded mountains classification points.[13] Five of these thirteen stages had summit finishes: stage 1a, to San Romolo;[14][15] stage 6, to Monte Terminillo;[15] stage 15, to Sappada;[3][16] stage 19, to Madesimo;[15] and stage 21, to Pila.[15][17] Another stage with a mountain-top finish was stage 13, which consisted of a climbing time trial to San Marino.[15][17] The organizers chose to include one rest day between stages 10 and 11.[3] When compared to the previous edition, the race had the same amount of stages – although one stage consisted of two half-stages – but was 56.4 km (35 mi) longer and contained an additional individual time trial.[18] The sixteenth stage, which ran from Sappada to Canazei, was named the queen stage for its five categorized climbs.[17][19]

Race director Torriani was happy with the success the 1985 Giro d'Italia had when passing through the Aosta Valley and chose to include this mountainous region, which lies adjacent to the Rhône-Alpes, in the 1987 route.[10] With the Giro's return to the valley, La Stampa and the regional cycling federation director, Maggiorino Ferrero, speculated that the stages taking place in this region would be critical in deciding the general classification. Carlo Champvillair, a climbing champion of Aosta Valley, believed it to be a well-constructed, technical race route.[10] The time trial in San Marino, the sixth stage with the finish atop Monte Terminillo, and the stages including the Dolomites were seen by L'Unità writer Gino Sala as stages that would heavily influence the general classification.[2] In addition, he said that the route was suited to well-rounded, strong, and durable riders.[2]

Stage characteristics and winners[15][20][21]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 21 May San Remo 4 km (2 mi) Individual time trial  Roberto Visentini (ITA)
1a 22 May San Remo to San Romolo 31 km (19 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Erik Breukink (NED)
1b Poggio di San Remo to San Remo 8 km (5 mi) Individual time trial  Stephen Roche (IRL)
2 23 May Imperia to Borgo Val di Taro 242 km (150 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Moreno Argentin (ITA)
3 24 May Lerici to Camaiore 43 km (27 mi) Team time trial Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
4 25 May Camaiore to Montalcino 203 km (126 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Moreno Argentin (ITA)
5 26 May Montalcino to Terni 208 km (129 mi) Plain stage  Eddy Planckaert (BEL)
6 27 May Terni to Monte Terminillo 134 km (83 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Jean-Claude Bagot (FRA)
7 28 May Rieti to Roccaraso 205 km (127 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Moreno Argentin (ITA)
8 29 May Roccaraso to San Giorgio del Sannio 168 km (104 mi) Plain stage  Paolo Rosola (ITA)
9 30 May San Giorgio del Sannio to Bari 257 km (160 mi) Plain stage  Urs Freuler (SUI)
10 31 May Bari to Termoli 210 km (130 mi) Plain stage  Paolo Rosola (ITA)
1 June Rest day
11 2 June Giulianova to Osimo 245 km (152 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Robert Forest (FRA)
12 3 June Osimo to Bellaria 197 km (122 mi) Plain stage  Guido Bontempi (ITA)
13 4 June Rimini to San Marino (San Marino) 46 km (29 mi) Individual time trial  Roberto Visentini (ITA)
14 5 June San Marino (San Marino) to Lido di Jesolo 260 km (162 mi) Plain stage  Paolo Cimini (ITA)
15 6 June Lido di Jesolo to Sappada 224 km (139 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Johan van der Velde (NED)
16 7 June Sappada to Canazei 211 km (131 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Johan van der Velde (NED)
17 8 June Canazei to Riva del Garda 206 km (128 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marco Vitali (ITA)
18 9 June Riva del Garda to Trescore Balneario 213 km (132 mi) Plain stage  Giuseppe Calcaterra (ITA)
19 10 June Trescore Balneario to Madesimo 160 km (99 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Jean-François Bernard (FRA)
20 11 June Madesimo to Como 156 km (97 mi) Plain stage  Paolo Rosola (ITA)
21 12 June Como to Pila 252 km (157 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Robert Millar (GBR)
22 13 June Aosta to Saint-Vincent 32 km (20 mi) Individual time trial  Stephen Roche (IRL)
Total 3,915 km (2,433 mi)

Race overview

A man on straddling a bike in sunglasses.
Moreno Argentin (pictured during the Coors Classic in 1987) won three individual stages at the 1987 Giro.

The Giro began with a 4 km (2.5 mi) prologue through the streets of San Remo. The returning winner of the Giro, Roberto Visentini, won the prologue by two tenths of a second over the Canadian rider Steve Bauer.[22] The next race day held two stages: a 31 km (19.3 mi) stage with a summit finish, followed by a downhill individual time trial.[22] Panasonic–Isostar's Erik Breukink took the climbing half-stage win with a solo attack.[23] His performance earned him the race leader's maglia rosa (English: pink jersey),[22] which he kept until the third stage. Stephen Roche won the time trial half-stage with a three-second margin over Del Tongo's Lech Piasecki.[3] Johan van der Velde formed a lead group with about 30 km (18.6 mi) to go in the second stage, but as he posed a threat to the race lead, he was not given a large advantage and was subsequently caught by the chasing peloton 7 km (4.3 mi) from the finish.[22] The main field remained intact for the remaining kilometers and the race geared up for a sprint finish won by Moreno Argentin.[22]

The third stage was a lengthy team time trial that stretched for 43 km (26.7 mi) between Lerici and Camaiore. Carrera Jeans–Vagabond beat out the Del Tongo squad by fifty-four seconds to win the leg. In addition to the stage victory, Carrera Jeans-Vagabond's Roche took the overall lead.[3][16] As the leading group approached the fourth stage finish line, Argentin sprinted away with 800 m (2,625 ft) to go and created a two-second gap between himself and the rider in second place that was enough to earn him a second stage win.[24][25] The fifth stage was relatively flat and was used to set up the race to enter the Apennine mountains the following day.[26] The leg culminated in a mass sprint that was won by Panasonic-Isostar's Belgian rider Eddy Planckaert, after overcoming Paolo Rosola in the closing meters.[25][27]

Roche defended his race lead until stage thirteen, a 46 km (28.6 mi) climbing individual time trial to Monte Titano in San Marino,[28] where he lost the pink jersey to his teammate and stage winner Visentini.[29] Roche claimed his performance in the stage was hampered due to injuries sustained from a crash in the tenth stage.[30] At 260 km (161.6 mi), the fourteenth stage was the longest of the race. It was won in a mass sprint by Remac Fanini's Paolo Cimini, who overtook Rosola in the final meters.[30][31]

An overhead picture of a city.
San Marino hosted the end of the stage 13 individual time trial, as well as the start of the 260 km (161.6 mi) fourteenth stage.

The fifteenth stage saw the race enter the Dolomites and traverse three major climbs within the mountain chain.[3] On the descent of the Monte Rest, Roche formed a leading group with two other riders after speeding away from the race leader's group. Despite orders from his team management, Roche continued with the move.[3][32] The Carrera Jeans-Vagabond pack chased after the Roche group to protect the advantage of Roche's teammate and race leader Visentini.[3][16] Roche crossed the finish line in twelfth place, fifty-six seconds after the stage winner van der Velde, which allowed him to don again the pink jersey by five seconds over Tony Rominger.[30][33] Roche's actions, taking the race lead away from Visentini and disobeying team commands, gained him the hatred of the Italian cyclings fans.[34]

The sixteenth leg of the race included five categorized climbs before concluding in the municipality of Canazei.[35][36] On the descent of the Pordoi Pass, van der Velde broke away and caught up to the leader on the road before winning his second consecutive stage.[35] Meanwhile, behind van der Velde, Visentini tried several times to attack Roche on the slopes of the Passo Fedaia; however, Roche marked all of his moves and the two raced to the finish in the same group.[3][35] Stage 17, the race's final day in the Dolomites,[3] was marred by poor weather. A breakaway group of three was given a significant gap as the main general classification contenders rode behind in a collective group.[35][37] Atala Ofmega's Italian rider Marco Vitali out-sprinted his two fellow breakaway members to win his first Grand Tour stage win.[35][37][38]

As the eighteenth stage began, the peloton felt they deserved a rest day after three difficult stages in the Dolomites and collectively rode at a non-aggressive pace for over three-quarters of the stage.[35][39][40] Riders began to attack and form breakaway groups with about 30 km (18.6 mi) to go; however, the sprinters' teams reeled in all attacks and prepared for a sprint finish that was eventually won by Giuseppe Calcaterra, making it the second consecutive stage win for Atala-Ofmega.[35][39][40] During the nineteenth stage, Jean-François Bernard launched an attack after the leading group finished the climb of the San Marco Pass.[35] Three riders joined Bernard before the start of the final climb in Madesimo, but Bernard dropped them early on in the climb and rode the final 18 km (11.2 mi) alone to win the stage. Millar and Marino Lejarreta managed to gain over thirty seconds on Roche after they attacked on the final climb.[35][41] Despite a crash within the final kilometer of stage twenty, the main field managed to hold a bunch sprint that was won by Rosola.[35][42]

A picture of a cyclist wearing a helmet.
By winning the twenty-first stage, Robert Millar (pictured here on the Tour de France in 1993) vaulted to second overall.

In the twenty-first leg, the general classification contenders were a part of the same leading group until the final climb to the summit finish in Pila.[35][43] Lejarreta attacked 12 km (7.5 mi) from the finish and only seven other riders were able to mark, including Millar and Roche. Over 6 km (3.7 mi) later, the Spaniard attacked again and only Roche and Millar remained with him. Despite further attacks by Lejarreta, the group rode together up to the finish. With over 300 m (984.3 ft) to go, Millar unleashed a sprint that won him the stage.[43] Millar's performance on the stay brought him to second place overall.[35][43] The final stage of the 1987 Giro d'Italia was a 32 km (19.9 mi) individual time trial.[16] Visentini, who had crashed in the previous stage, did not start and abandoned the race.[35] Roche beat out the second-place finisher, Dietrich Thurau, by fourteen seconds to win the day and the overall race itself.[44] In doing so, Roche became the first Irishman to win the Giro d'Italia.[45][46] The other podium positions were filled by non-Italian riders for the second time in the history of the race.[45][47]

Four riders achieved multiple stage victories: Argentin (stages 2, 4, and 7),[48][49][50] Rosola (stages 8, 10, and 20),[51][52] Visentini (prologue and stage 13),[14][29] and Roche (stages 1b and 22).[23][44] Stage wins were achieved by seven of the twenty competing squads, five of which won multiple stages. Gewiss-Bianchi collected a total of six stage wins through two riders, Argentin and Rosola. Carrera Jeans-Vagabond achieved the same feat with individual stage wins from Bontempi (stage 12),[53] Roche and Visentini (two wins each), and a team time trial win (stage 3).[5] Panasonic-Isostar amassed a total of three stage victories through Breukink (stage 1a),[23] Planckaert (stage 5),[27] and Millar (stage 21).[54] Atala-Ofmega also secured three stage wins, through Freuler (stage 9),[55] Vitali (stage 17),[38] and Calcaterra (stage 18).[56] Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe won two stages with van der Velde (stages 15 and 16).[33][36] Fagor-MBK also collected two stage successes, with Jean-Claude Bagot (stage 6) and Robert Forest (stage 11).[57][58] Remac-Fanini and Toshiba-Look both won a single stage at the Giro, the first through Cimini (stage 14),[59] and the second through Bernard (stage 19).[41]

Classification leadership

A picture of a mountain.
The Pordoi Pass was the Cima Coppi for the 1987 running of the Giro d'Italia.

Four different jerseys were worn during the 1987 Giro d'Italia. The leader of the general classification – calculated by adding the stage finish times of each rider, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages – wore a pink jersey. The time bonuses for the 1987 Giro were twenty seconds for the first place, fifteen seconds for the second place, ten seconds for the third place, and five seconds for the fourth place on the stage.[27] This classification is the most important of the race, and its winner is considered to be the winner of the Giro.[60]

For the points classification, which awarded a purple (or cyclamen) jersey to its leader, cyclists were given points for finishing a stage in the top 15; additional points could also be won in intermediate sprints. The green jersey was awarded to the mountains classification leader. In this ranking, points were won by reaching the summit of a climb ahead of other cyclists. Each climb was ranked as either first, second or third category, with more points available for higher category climbs. The Cima Coppi, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded more points than the other first category climbs.[60] The Cima Coppi for this edition of the Giro was the Passo Pordoi,[7][17] and the first rider to cross it was Fagor-MBK's Jean-Claude Bagot.[35] The white jersey was worn by the leader of young rider classification, a ranking decided the same way as the general classification, but considering only neo-professional cyclists (in their first three years of professional racing).[45][60] Although no jersey was awarded, there was also one classification for the teams, in which the stage finish times of the best three cyclists per team were added; the leading team was the one with the lowest total time.[60]

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
Pink Jersey		 Points classification
Purple Jersey		 Mountains classification
Green Jersey		 Young rider classification
White Jersey		 Team classification
P Roberto Visentini Roberto Visentini not awarded not awarded Lech Piasecki Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
1a Erik Breukink Erik Breukink Erik Breukink Erik Breukink Panasonic–Isostar
1b Stephen Roche
2 Moreno Argentin Robert Millar
3 Carrera Jeans–Vagabond Stephen Roche Carrera Jeans–Vagabond
4 Moreno Argentin Stephen Roche
5 Eddy Planckaert
6 Jean-Claude Bagot Tony Rominger
7 Moreno Argentin Moreno Argentin
8 Paolo Rosola
9 Alessio Di Basco
10 Paolo Rosola Paolo Rosola
11 Robert Forest
12 Guido Bontempi
13 Roberto Visentini Roberto Visentini
14 Paolo Cimini
15 Johan van der Velde Stephen Roche Panasonic–Isostar
16 Johan van der Velde
17 Marco Vitali Johan van der Velde
18 Giuseppe Calcaterra
19 Jean-François Bernard Roberto Conti
20 Paolo Rosola
21 Robert Millar
22 Stephen Roche
Final Stephen Roche Johan van der Velde Robert Millar Roberto Conti Panasonic–Isostar

Final standings

Legend
  Pink jersey   Denotes the winner of the General classification[3][45]   Green jersey   Denotes the winner of the Mountains classification[3][45]
  Purple jersey   Denotes the winner of the Points classification[3][45]   White jersey   Denotes the winner of the Young rider classification[3][45]

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[4]
Rank Name Team Time
1  Stephen Roche (IRL) Pink jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 105h 39' 42"
2  Robert Millar (GBR) Green jersey Panasonic–Isostar + 3' 40"
3  Erik Breukink (NED) Panasonic–Isostar + 4' 17"
4  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) Caja Rural-Seat + 5' 11"
5  Flavio Giupponi (ITA) Del Tongo + 7' 42"
6  Marco Giovannetti (ITA) Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe + 11' 05"
7  Phil Anderson (AUS) Panasonic–Isostar + 13' 36"
8  Peter Winnen (NED) Panasonic–Isostar + 13' 56"
9  Johan van der Velde (NED) Purple jersey Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe + 13' 57"
10  Steve Bauer (CAN) Toshiba–Look + 14' 41"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–5)[3][61]
Rider Team Points
1  Johan van der Velde (NED) Purple jersey Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe 175
2  Paolo Rosola (ITA) Gewiss-Bianchi 171
3  Stephen Roche (IRL) Pink jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 153
4  Erik Breukink (NED) Panasonic–Isostar 144
5  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) Caja Rural-Seat 110

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–5)[3]
Rider Team Points
1  Robert Millar (GBR) Green jersey Panasonic–Isostar 97
2  Jean-Claude Bagot (FRA) Fagor-MBK 53
3  Johan van der Velde (NED) Purple jersey Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe 32
4  Roberto Pagnin (ITA) Gewiss-Bianchi 26
 Marino Lejarreta (ESP) Caja Rural-Seat

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–5)[3][61]
Rider Team Time
1  Roberto Conti (ITA) White jersey Selca-Conti 106h 00' 33"
2  Jiří Škoda (CZE) Ecoflam-B.F.B.-Mareco + 5' 48"
3  Rodolfo Massi (ITA) Magniflex + 14' 22"
4  Andreas Kappes (FRG) Toshiba–Look + 16' 29"
5  Stefano Tomasini (ITA) Remac-Fanini + 20' 40"

Combination classification

Final combination classification (1–5)[61]
Rider Team Points
1  Stephen Roche (IRL) Pink jersey Carrera Jeans–Vagabond 90
2  Robert Millar (GBR) Green jersey Panasonic–Isostar 69
3  Paolo Rosola (ITA) Gewiss-Bianchi 60
4  Johan van der Velde (NED) Purple jersey Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe 59
5  Erik Breukink (NED) Panasonic–Isostar 47

Traguardi fiat uno classification

Final traguardi fiat uno classification (1–5)[61]
Rider Team Points
1  Marco Vitali (ITA) Atala-Ofmega 15
2  Erik Breukink (NED) Panasonic–Isostar 14
3  Johan van der Velde (NED) Purple jersey Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe 12
4  Marino Lejarreta (ESP) Caja Rural-Seat 11
5  Roberto Pagnin (ITA) Gewiss-Bianchi

Vola al cinema classification

Final vola al cinema classification (1–5)[61]
Rider Team Points
1  Dante Morandi (ITA) Atala-Ofmega 33
2  Flavio Chesini (ITA) Magniflex 19
3  Marco Vitali (ITA) Atala-Ofmega 17
4  John Talen (NED) Panasonic–Isostar 15
5  Luigi Botteon (ITA) Remac-Fanini

Traguardo rotante classification

Final traguardo rotante classification (1–5)[61]
Rider Team Points
1  Milan Jurčo (CZE) Brianzoli 43
2  Luciano Boffo (ITA) Ecoflam-B.F.B.-Mareco 21
3  Dante Morandi (ITA) Atala-Ofmega 17
4  John Talen (NED) Panasonic–Isostar 15
5  Flavio Chesini (ITA) Magniflex 13

Team classification

Final team classification (1–3)[3][45]
Team Time
1 Panasonic–Isostar–Colnago–Agu 313h 06' 14"
2 Carrera Jeans–Vagabond + 9' 03"
3 Gis Gelati-Jollyscarpe + 21' 25"

Aftermath

A man on a bike in a cycling jersey.
Stephen Roche (pictured during the 1987 Tour de France) won the Tour and the men's road race at the UCI Road World Championships in the same calendar year.

Upon completing the final stage, Roche told the media that by winning the final time trial he felt he silenced any critics who doubted whether he should have won the race.[45] In addition, Roche announced his intention to compete in the Tour de France in July.[3][45] He won the Tour with a margin of forty seconds over the second-place finisher and thus became the fifth rider to win the Giro and Tour in the same year.[62][63][64] In September, Roche won the men's road race at the 1987 UCI Road World Championships and became the second rider to achieve the Triple Crown of Cycling, which consists of winning two Grand Tour races and the men's road race at the UCI Road World Championships in a calendar year.[65][66][67] For his career successes in the Giro d'Italia, Roche was inducted into the race's Hall of Fame in 2014.[68][69][70] After dropping out of the 1987 edition of the Giro, Visentini did not win any further stages or classifications in major races,[3] and retired from cycling in 1990, at the age of 33.[70]

La Repubblica stated that the Italian riders had the second worst performance in the history of the Giro after 1972, since none finished inside the top four and many famous Italian cyclists failed to complete the race.[71] Mario Fossati, of La Repubblica, thought that van der Velde and Bernard performed very strongly, along with Argentin, whom he said was operating on "alternating current."[72] Fossati also said that Cimini and Calcaterra could have promising careers, based on their efforts during the race.[72]

The 1987 Giro has become famous for the series of events involving teammates Roche and Visentini.[3][34][64][68] Many writers highlight the fifteenth stage as the defining moment of the race.[3][32][34][64][68][70][73] The Corriere delle Alpi and cycling book author Bill McGann even named it as one of the most famous in the Giro d'Italia and cycling history.[3][73] On that day, Roche – who was second in the general classification and over two minutes behind race leader Visentini – attacked the lead, despite orders from his team to stop.[3][64][68][74] Upon completing the stage, Visentini told the press that either Roche or himself would not start the following day,[19][75] while Roche independently held a press conference from his hotel and answered questions.[75] Carrera Jeans-Vagabond manager David Boifava ordered Roche and Visentini to stay silent.[19] The following day, many Italian newspapers called Roche a betrayer or cheat for his actions.[3][70][75][76][77] Despite Visentini's statement, both riders started the sixteenth stage after receiving orders from Carrera company boss Tito Tachella.[3][76] In the days that followed, Italian fans threw things and spat at Roche, which led him to receive police protection until the race's conclusion.[3][76][77] Looking back on the incident, Roche claimed that he just descended the mountain quicker than Visentini and did nothing wrong,[75][77] while Visentini maintained that Roche attacked him when he should have been aiding him.[70] Visentini accused Roche of dashing the team's morale and strategy,[75] but some critics believed that Roche's actions were acceptable because he was the stronger rider.[70][72]

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gian Paolo Ormezzano (21 May 1987). "C'è il Giro, non c'è Moser" [There's the Tour, there is no Moser]. La Stampa (in Italian) (Editrice La Stampa). p. 23. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Gino Sala (21 May 1987). "Campione cercasi disperatamente" [Champion wanted desperately] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). p. 27. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Bill and Carol McGann. "1987 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  4. 1 2 3 Paul Mannini. "70a edizione Giro d'Italia (1987)" [70th edition Giro d'Italia (1987)] (in Italian). Il Museo del Ciclismo. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  5. 1 2 "Golpe De Mano De "Carrera" En El "Giro"" [Carrera's hand strikes in the Giro] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 25 May 1987. p. 55. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Visentini-Roche: Duelo "Fratricida"" [Visentini-Roche: Duel "Fratricide"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 21 May 1987. p. 30. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  7. 1 2 3 "Moser, sin recuperarse de su caída del lunes, ausente del Giro que se inicia hoy" [Moser, reeling from its fall on Monday, absent the Tour that begins today]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Agence France-Presse. 21 June 1987. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  8. 1 2 Jean Montois (21 June 1987). "Roche i Visentini, favorits en les apostes del Giro d'Italia" [Roche and Visentini, betting favorites in the Tour of Italy] (PDF). Avui (in Spanish) (Hermes Comunicacions S.A.). Agence France-Presse. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  9. ↑ Mario Fossati (19 May 1987). "Sognando Un Giro d'Altri Tempi" [Dreaming A Giro of Other Times]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. p. 45. Archived from the original on 24 June 2014. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 "La Vallée in maglia rosa" [Pink Jersey in the Valley]. La Stampa (in Italian) (Editrice La Stampa). 22 February 1987. p. 21. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  11. ↑ "Tre giorni a Sanremo con il <<Giro d'Italia>>" [Three Days in Sanremo with the <<Tour of Italy>>]. La Stampa (in Italian) (Editrice La Stampa). 22 February 1987. p. 21. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  12. 1 2 "Se Presento El Giro - 87" [The Giro Presented - 87] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 22 February 1987. p. 41. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  13. ↑ "Le grandi salite" [The big climbs] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 18 May 1987. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  14. 1 2 "Visentini Empalmo El Rosa" [Visentini splices the rosa] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 22 May 1987. p. 27. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Etapas, Puertos Y Kilometrajes" [Stages, Ports and riding distances] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 21 May 1987. p. 31. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  16. 1 2 3 4 "Grand Tour Doubles – Stephen Roche". Cycling Weekly (IPC Media Limited). 16 July 1987. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
  17. 1 2 3 4 "Pere Muñoz, ante su primer gran <<test>> de la temporada" [Pere Muñoz, before his first big test of the season] (PDF). El Punt (in Spanish) (Hermes Comunicacions S.A.). 21 May 1987. p. 24. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  18. ↑ Bill and Carol McGann. "1986 Giro d'Italia". Bike Race Info. Dog Ear Publishing. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
  19. 1 2 3 J. Tolosa (7 June 1987). "Vuelco en el Giro, con Roche de nuevo líder tras atacar a su compañero Visentini" [Dump in the Giro, with Roche leading again after attacking his partner Visentini]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  20. ↑ "3.904 km da Sanremo a St. Vincent" [3,904 km from San Remo to St. Vincent] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 18 May 1987. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  21. ↑ "Moser s'arrende, niente Giro" [Moser surrenders, no Giro] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 21 May 1987. p. 27. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 "From The CW Archives: The 1987 Giro d'Italia Part 1". Cycling Weekly (IPC Media Limited). 28 May 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  23. 1 2 3 "Breukink, Un Recien Llegado Al Trono Rosa" [Breukink, a newcomer to the rosa throne] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 23 May 1987. p. 35. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  24. ↑ J. Tolosa (26 May 1987). "Triunfo del campeón mundial, Argentin, en la cuarta etapa del Giro" [Triumph of the world champion, Argentin, in the fourth stage of Giro]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  25. 1 2 "From The CW Archives: The 1987 Giro d'Italia Part 2". Cycling Weekly (IPC Media Limited). 28 May 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  26. ↑ J. Tolosa (27 May 1987). "El Giro llega a su primera jornada montañosa" [The Giro reaches its first mountain day]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  27. 1 2 3 "Primer Triunfo De Planckaert en el Giro" [Planckaert First Win in Giro] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 27 May 1987. p. 33. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  28. ↑ J. Tolosa (5 June 1987). "Visentini, nuevo líder del Giro, tras ganar en San Marino" [Visentini, new leader of the Tour, after winning in San Marino]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  29. 1 2 "Visentini: La Contrarreloj Consagra" [Visentini: The Time Trial consecrates] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 5 June 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  30. 1 2 3 "From The CW Archives: The 1987 Giro d'Italia Part 3". Cycling Weekly (IPC Media Limited). 28 May 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  31. ↑ J. Tolosa (6 June 1987). "Triunfo al 'sprint' de Cimini en la etapa más larga del Giro" [Triumph to sprint Cimini on the longest stage of the Giro]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  32. 1 2 Eugenio Capodacqua (10 May 2007). "La storia del Giro d'Italia" [The history of the Tour of Italy]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. Archived from the original on 24 December 2007. Retrieved 27 December 2007.
  33. 1 2 "Roche, De Rosa; Lejarreta, Con El "Giro" A Su Alcance" [Roche, in Rose; Lejarreta, with the Giro within reach] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 7 June 1987. p. 51. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  34. 1 2 3 Doyle, Paul (5 July 2007). "Roche remembers his annus mirabilis". The Guardian (London: Guardian Media Group). Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "From The CW Archives: The 1987 Giro d'Italia Part 4". Cycling Weekly (IPC Media Limited). 28 May 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  36. 1 2 "La Crisis Entre Las Figuras Have Temblar El "Giro"" [Crisis Between the Figures Have Shaken The "Giro"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 8 June 1987. p. 55. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  37. 1 2 J. Tolosa (9 June 1987). "Triunfo de Vitali en la 17ª etapa del Giro" [Vitali triumph in the 17th stage of the Giro]. El País (in Spanish) (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  38. 1 2 "Vitali Se Aprovecho De La Tregua Entre Roche Y Visentini" [Vitali took advantage of the truce between Roche and Visentini] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 9 June 1987. p. 37. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  39. 1 2 J. Tolosa (10 June 1987). "Lenta etapa en el Giro como protesta por no haber Jornada de descanso" [Slow Giro stage protest for failing Day off]. El País (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  40. 1 2 Mario Fossati (10 June 1987). "Un Giorno di Cicloturismo" [A Day of Cycling]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso. p. 36. Archived from the original on 24 June 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2007.
  41. 1 2 "Bernard Hizo Honor A Su "Padre Espiritual"" [Bernard lived up to his "spiritual father"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 11 June 1987. p. 34. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  42. ↑ J. Tolosa (12 June 1987). "Rosola ganó la última etapa llana en el Giro" [Rosola won the last flat stage in Giro]. El País (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  43. 1 2 3 J. Tolosa (13 June 1987). "Roche, virtual ganador del Giro pese al ataque de Lejarreta" [Roche, virtual Giro winner despite the attack Lejarreta]. El País (Ediciones El País). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  44. 1 2 "Roche, il nome della rosa" [Roche, the name of the rosa] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 14 June 1987. p. 23. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "B... Roche De Oro" [Golden Roche] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 14 June 1987. p. 41. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  46. ↑ "Stop al Giro targato Roche" [Stop at the Giro branded Roche]. La Stampa (in Italian) (Editrice La Stampa). 14 June 1987. p. 27. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  47. ↑ Andrea Tabacco (27 May 2012). "Giro d'Italia – Hesjedal vince il Giro: Scarponi è quarto" [Tour of Italy – Hesjedal wins the Tour: Scarponi is fourth]. Yahoo! Eurosport (in Italian) (Yahoo! e Eurosport). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
  48. ↑ "Argentin, A Lo Campeon" [Argentin, To The Champion] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 24 May 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  49. ↑ "Argentin, Segundo Podio Del "Giro"" [Argentin, Second podium of the "Giro"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 26 May 1987. p. 31. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  50. ↑ "Trio De Victorias Para Argentin" [Trio of wins for Argentin] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 29 May 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  51. ↑ ""Lancia Pagnin" Volvio A Escaparse" ["Lancia Pagnin" escaped again] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 30 May 1987. p. 39. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  52. ↑ "Hoy Se La Juega Marino Lejarreta" [Today is The Play for Marino Lejarreta] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 12 June 1987. p. 37. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  53. ↑ "Bontempi Se Vengo De Las Criticas" [Bontempi avenges the criticism] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 4 June 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  54. ↑ "Lejarreta, Fenomeno En La Ultima Montaña" [Lejarreta, Phenomenon on the Last Mountain] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 13 June 1987. p. 35. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  55. ↑ "El "Sprint" De Freuler, Lo Mejor De Una Aburrida Etapa" [The "Sprint" to Freuler, Best of a boring stage] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 31 May 1987. p. 45. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  56. ↑ "Calcaterra, En La Etapa De "Descanso"" [Calcaterra wins the stage of rest] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 10 June 1987. p. 37. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  57. ↑ "Roche Y Visentini Hacen Seleccion En La Montaña" [Roche and Visentini make the selection in the mountains] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 28 May 1987. p. 39. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  58. ↑ "Forest Dio La Segunda Victoria a "Fagor"" [The Second Victory for Forest of "Fagor"] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 3 June 1987. p. 35. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  59. ↑ "Cimini Sorprendio A Los Sprinters En Una Autopista" [Cimini surprised the Sprinters on a Highway] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish) (El Mundo Deportivo S.A.). 6 June 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  60. 1 2 3 4 Laura Weislo (13 May 2008). "Giro d'Italia classifications demystified". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
  61. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Il massimo punteggio dell'87 all'olandese Van der Velde" [The maximum score of 87 Dutch Van der Velde] (PDF). l'Unità (in Italian) (PCI). 16 May 1988. p. 25. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  62. ↑ Roche 2011, p. 29.
  63. ↑ "Clasificaciones oficiales" [Official Classifications] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 27 July 1987. p. 38. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
  64. 1 2 3 4 Alexander Wolff (3 August 1987). "Score A Big One For The Irish". Sports Illustrated (Time Inc.). Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  65. ↑ Roche 2011, p. 30.
  66. ↑ ""De Roche" De Facultades" ["De Roche" of Schools] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 7 September 1987. p. 48. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
  67. ↑ Heijmans & Mallon 2011, p. 130.
  68. 1 2 3 4 Neal Rogers (25 February 2014). "Stephen Roche joins Giro d'Italia Hall of Fame". VeloNews (Competitor Group, Inc). Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  69. ↑ RCS Sport Press Office (26 February 2014). "Stephen Roche in the Giro d'Italia Hall of Fame". La Gazzetta dello Sporta (RCS Sport). Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  70. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Visentini: "Colpa di Roche se sono lontano dal ciclismo"" [Visentini: "Blame Roche if they are away from cycling"]. Il Secolo XIX (in Italian) (Società Edizioni e Pubblicazioni). 4 March 2014. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  71. ↑ "Solo nel '72 gli Italiani Sono Andati Cosi' Male ..." [Only '72 The Italians Are Gone As Bad ...]. La Repubblica (in Italian) (Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso). 14 June 1987. p. 43. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  72. 1 2 3 Mario Fossati (16 June 1987). "Bravo Roche ma chi Inseguiva?" [Bravo Roche but who chased?]. La Repubblica (in Italian) (Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso). p. 27. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  73. 1 2 "Lite furiosa fra Visentini e Roche" [Furious quarrel between Roche and Visentini]. Corriere delle Alpi (in Italian) (Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso). 8 May 2011. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  74. ↑ Roche 2011, p. 26.
  75. 1 2 3 4 5 Mario Fossati (7 June 1987). "Ma Il Colpevole Non e' Roche" [But Not The Culprit Roche]. La Repubblica (in Italian) (Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso). Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  76. 1 2 3 Roche 2011, p. 27.
  77. 1 2 3 "Giro d'Italia 2014: Roche's mixed memories of 1987 win". BBC Sport (BBC). 8 May 2014. Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2014.

Bibliography

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