2016 in fish paleontology

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This list of fossil fishes described in 2016 is a list of new taxa of jawless vertebrates, placoderms, acanthodians, fossil cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes and other fishes of every kind that have been described during the year 2016, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of fishes that occurred in the year 2016. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.

Research

• Tullimonstrum gregarium is argued to be a stem-lamprey by McCoy et al. (2016).^[1]
• A study of the eye anatomy of Tullimonstrum gregarium is published by Clements et al. (2016).^[2]
• A description of the general anatomy, morphology and histology of dermal elements and the endoskeletal shoulder girdle of three Devonian (Eifelian-Givetian) species of acanthodians known from Scotland (Diplacanthus crassisimus, Diplacanthus tenuistriatus and Rhadinacanthus longispinus) is published by Burrow et al. (2016).^[3]
• Fossil tooth of a member of the genus Lagarodus (a cartilaginous fish belonging to the group Euchondrocephali, of uncertain phylogenetic placement within the latter group) is reported for the first time from the Carboniferous of Svalbard by Cuny, Kristensen & Stemmerik (2016).^[4]
• A specimen of Galeorhinus cuvieri (fossil relative of the school shark) with preserved soft tissues and stomach contents (indicanting that it preyed on Eocene relatives of the living barracudas) is described from the Eocene (Ypresian) Monte Bolca site in Italy by Fanti et al. (2016).^[5]
• A study of geographical distribution patterns and global abundance of Carcharocles megalodon from the Miocene to the Pliocene, and a discussion of the possible causes of its extinction, is published by Pimiento et al. (2016).^[6]
• Specimens of Saurichthys costasquamosus, Saurichthys macrocephalus and Saurichthys paucitrichus with preserved casts of gastrointestinal tract are described by Argyriou et al. (2016).^[7]
• Fossilized hearts are reported in two specimens of Rhacolepis buccalis by Maldanis et al. (2016).^[8]

New taxa

Jawless vertebrates

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arianalepis[9]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Hairapetian et al.	Devonian (Famennian)		Australia  Iran	A turiniid thelodont. The type species is Arianalepis megacostata; genus also contains a second, indeterminate species.
Kodinskaspis[10]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Dzik & Moskalenko	Ordovician (460 Mya)	Mamyry Formation	Russia	A possible relative of Tesakoviaspis concentrica. The type species is Kodinskaspis angarensis.
Neoturinia[11]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Hairapetian, Blom & Turner	Devonian (Frasnian)		Iran	A turiniid thelodont. The type species is "Turinia" hutkensis Blieck & Goujet (1978).

Cartilaginous fishes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Haimirichia[12]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid[13]	Vullo, Guinot & Barbe	Cretaceous		Angola  Egypt  France  Japan  Morocco  Nigeria  Spain  United States	A member of Lamniformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a new genus for "Odontaspis" amonensis Cappetta & Case (1975).
Isanodus nongbualamphuensis[14]	Sp. nov	In press	Khamha, Cuny & Lauprasert	Early Cretaceous		Thailand	A member of Hybodontiformes, a species of Isanodus.
Protosqualus argentinensis[15]	Sp. nov	Valid	Bogan, Agnolin & Novas	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Calafate Formation	Argentina	A member of Squaliformes, a species of Protosqualus.
Squalicorax deckeri[16]	Sp. nov	In press	Bice & Shimada	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale	United States ( Kansas)
Squatina (Squatina) fortemordeo[17]	Sp. nov	In press	Siversson et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Kristianstad Basin	Sweden	An angel shark.
Squatina (Squatina) lundegreni[17]	Sp. nov	In press	Siversson et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Kristianstad Basin	Sweden	An angel shark.
Synechodus filipi[17]	Sp. nov	In press	Siversson et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Kristianstad Basin	Sweden	A member of Synechodontiformes, a species of Synechodus.

Bony fishes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Amazonasciaena[18]	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Aquitanian to early Burdigalian)	Pirabas Formation	Brazil	A member of Sciaenidae; a new genus for "Sciaenops" rossettiae Aguilera & Schwarzhans (2014).
Argentina antarctica[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A herring smelt, a species of Argentina.
Ariomma? astridae[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Hoedemakers & Schneider	Oligocene (Rupelian)		Germany	Possibly a species of Ariomma.
Atractoscion odeai[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian)	Cantaure Formation Castilletes Formation	Colombia  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Atractoscion
Axelrodichthys megadromos[21]	Sp. nov	In press	Cavin, Valentin & Garcia	Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)		France	A mawsoniid coelacanth, a species of Axelrodichthys.
Balkaria[22]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid[23]	Bannikov et al.	Eocene		Russia ( Kabardino-Balkaria)	A member of Tetraodontiformes belonging to the suborder Tetraodontoidei. The type species is Balkaria histiopterygia.
Callaus cubaguanus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Miocene to late Pliocene	Cubagua Formation	Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Callaus
Carlomonnius[24]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bannikov & Carnevale	Eocene (late Ypresian)	Monte Bolca locality	Italy	A member of Gobioidei of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Carlomonnius quasigobius.
Cataetyx stringeri[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene	Bowden Formation Moin Formation	Costa Rica  Jamaica	A brotula; a species of Cataetyx.
Cepola anderssoni[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A bandfish, a species of Cepola.
Ceratodus kranzi[26]	Sp. nov	Valid	Frederickson, Lipka & Cifelli	Early Cretaceous	Potomac Formation	United States ( Maryland)	A lungfish, a species of Ceratodus.
Coelorinchus balushkini[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A grenadier, a species of Coelorinchus.
Coelorinchus nordenskjoeldi[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A grenadier, a species of Coelorinchus.
Cumbaaichthys[27]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Murray	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)		Canada	A member of Polymixiiformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Cumbaaichthys oxyrhynchus.
Cynoscion latiostialis[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian)	Gatun Formation Urumaco Formation	Panama  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Cynoscion
Cynoscion prolixus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian) to late Pliocene	Chagres Formation Cubagua Formation Urumaco Formation	Panama  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Cynoscion
Cynoscion scitulus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian)	Gatun Formation	Panama	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Cynoscion
Diaphus? marambionis[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A lanternfish, possibly a species of Diaphus.
Ebertichthys[28]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arratia	Late Jurassic		Germany	A teleost related to Ascalabos voithii. The type species is Ebertichthys ettlingensis.
Eoengraulis[29]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Marramà & Carnevale	Eocene (late Ypresian)	Monte Bolca locality	Italy	An anchovy. The type species is Eoengraulis fasoloi.
Foreyclupea[30]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Vernygora, Murray & Wilson	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Loon River Formation	Canada ( Northwest Territories)	A member of Clupeomorpha, possibly related to Ranulfoichthys dorsonudum and Scutatuspinosus itapagipensis. The type species is Foreyclupea loonensis.
Gladiopycnodus byrnei[31]	Sp. nov	In press	Marramà et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Lebanon	A member of Pycnodontiformes belonging to the superfamily Coccodontoidea, a species of Gladiopycnodus.
Herreraichthys[32]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Alvarado-Ortega et al.	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)		Mexico	A gar. The type species is Herreraichthys coahuilaensis.
Hoplobrotula? antipoda[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A cusk-eel, possibly a species of Hoplobrotula.
Isopisthus acer[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Pliocene	Río Banano Formation	Costa Rica	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Isopisthus
Karaganops[33]	Gen. et comb. nov	In press	Baykina & Schwarzhans	Miocene		Bulgaria  Russia ( Krasnodar Krai  Tambov Oblast)	A member of Clupeidae. The type species is "Sardinella" perrata Daniltshenko (1970); genus also includes Karaganops komochtitziensis (Strashimirov, 1985).
Kooiichthys[34]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Azpelicueta et al.	Miocene	Puerto Madryn Formation	Argentina	A catfish. The type species is Kooiichthys jono.
Lamprogrammus manzanilla[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (late Tortonian)	Manzanilla Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A cusk-eel; a species of Lamprogrammus.
Larimus angosturae[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian) to Pliocene (Zanclean)	Angostura Formation Río Banano Formation	Costa Rica  Ecuador	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Larimus
Larimus humboldti[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Burdigalian to early Langhian)	Cantaure Formation Jimol Formation	Colombia  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Larimus
Larimus pandus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian)	Angostura Formation Gatun Formation	Ecuador  Panama	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Larimus
Lepophidium borbonensis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (Tortonian and Messinian)	Angostura Formation Onzole Formation	Ecuador	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Lepophidium crebrum[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (Serravallian and Tortonian)	Angostura Formation Manzanilla Formation Tamana Formation	Ecuador  Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Lepophidium gentilis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (Tortonian)	Gatun Formation	Panama	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Lepophidium leai[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Late Pliocene	Cubagua Formation	Venezuela	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Lepophidium limulum[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (Messinian)	Onzole Formation	Ecuador	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Lepophidium refugum[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Early Pliocene	Cubagua Formation	Venezuela	A cusk-eel; a species of Lepophidium.
Macruronus eastmani[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)  Australia	A member of Merlucciidae, a species of Macruronus.
Malacanthus carosii[35]	Sp. nov	Valid	Carnevale	Miocene (Badenian)	Leitha Limestone	Austria	A species of Malacanthus.
Nebris dioneae[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian)	Urumaco Formation	Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Nebris
Neobythites huddlestoni[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (late Langhian)	Brasso Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A cusk-eel; a species of Neobythites.
Notoberyx[19]	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Early Eocene	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)  Denmark	A slimehead. The type species is Notoberyx cionei; genus also includes Notoberyx madseni (Schwarzhans, 2007).
Ogilbichthys dariensis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (early Tortonian)	Tuira Formarion	Panama	A brotula; a species of Ogilbichthys.
Oligoremora[36]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Micklich et al.	Oligocene		Germany	A remora. The type species is Oligoremora rhenana.
Ophidion bowdenensis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Late Pliocene	Bowden Formation	Jamaica	A cusk-eel; a species of Ophidion.
Ophidion pauxillicauda[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Middle Pleistocene	Swan Cay Formation	Panama	A cusk-eel; a species of Ophidion.
Ophidion sporoformis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans & Aguilera	Miocene (Tortonian)	Angostura Formation	Ecuador	A cusk-eel; a species of Ophidion.
Ophioscion amphiamericanus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Tortonian and Messinian)	Angostura Formation Cercado Formation	Dominican Republic  Ecuador	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Ophioscion.
Ophioscion inflaticauda[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Tortonian)	Manzanilla Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Ophioscion.
Ophioscion transitivus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to Langhian)	Baitoa Formation Brasso Formation	Dominican Republic  Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Ophioscion.
Orthogonikleithrus francogalliensis[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Konwert	Late Jurassic		France	A teleost belonging to the family Orthogonikleithridae, a species of Orthogonikleithrus.
Palimphemus seymourensis[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Schwarzhans et al.	Eocene (late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica (Seymour Island)	A member of Gadidae, a species of Palimphemus.
Pentanogmius fritschi[38]	Sp. nov	In press	Shimada	Late Cretaceous (late Cenomanian–early Turonian)	Britton Formation	United States ( Texas)	A member of Tselfatiiformes, a species of Pentanogmius.
Phractocephalus ivy[39]	Sp. nov	Valid	Azpelicueta & Cione	Miocene (Tortonian)	Ituzaingó Formation	Argentina	A relative of the redtail catfish.
Plagioscion ultimus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Pliocene	Cubagua Formation Springvale Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Plagioscion
Polycirrhus jaramilloi[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Burdigalian to Langhian)	Cantaure Formation Castilletes Formation Jimol Formation	Colombia  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Polycirrhus
Polycirrhus mustus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Burdigalian to Langhian)	Cantaure Formation Castilletes Formation Jimol Formation	Colombia  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Polycirrhus
Protonebris[18]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Aquitanian to early Burdigalian)	Castillo Formation	Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae. The type species is Protonebris sanchezi
Rhinconichthys purgatorensis[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Schumacher et al.	Late Cretaceous (middle Turonian)	Carlile Shale	United States ( Colorado)	A member of Pachycormiformes, a species of Rhinconichthys.
Rhinconichthys uyenoi[40]	Sp. nov	In press	Schumacher et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Mikasa Formation	Japan	A member of Pachycormiformes, a species of Rhinconichthys.
Saurichthys dianneae[41]	Sp. nov	Valid	Maxwell et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Vossenveld Formation	Netherlands
Stellifer abbreviatus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Pliocene	Río Banano Formation	Costa Rica	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Stellifer.
Stellifer acerbus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Tortonian)	Manzanilla Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Stellifer.
Stellifer bicornutus[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Pliocene	Río Banano Formation	Costa Rica	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Stellifer.
Stellifer depressifrons[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to Langhian)	Cantaure Formation	Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Stellifer.
Stellifer onzole[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Messinian)	Onzole Formation	Ecuador	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Stellifer.
Umbrina abbreviata[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian)	Castilletes Formation	Colombia	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Umbrina bananensis[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Pliocene	Cayo Agua Formation Río Banano Formation	Costa Rica  Panama	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Umbrina laxa[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian)	Castilletes Formation	Colombia	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Umbrina opima[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Miocene and early Pliocene	Chucunaque Formation Cubagua Formation Gatún Formation Tuira Formation	Panama  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Umbrina sublima[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Miocene and early Pliocene	Cayo Agua Formation Cubagua Formation	Panama  Venezuela	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Umbrina surda[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Late Miocene (Tortonian)	Angostura Formation	Ecuador	A member of Sciaenidae, a species of Umbrina
Unicachichthys[42]	Gen. et sp. nov	In press	Díaz-Cruz, Alvarado-Ortega & Carbot-Chanona	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Mexico	A member of Aulopiformes belonging to the family Enchodontidae. The type species is Unicachichthys multidentata.
Venusichthys[43]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu & Zhao	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A stem-neopterygian. The type species is Venusichthys comptus.
Wilsonichthys[44]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Murray et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian	Scollard Formation	Canada ( Alberta)	A member of Osteoglossomorpha. The type species is Wilsonichthys aridinsulensis.
Xenotolithus semiostialis[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (late Burdigalian to early Langhian)	Brasso Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A member of Sciaenidae belonging to the subfamily Stelliferinae, a species of Xenotolithus.
Xenotolithus semiostialis[18]	Sp. nov	Valid	Aguilera, Schwarzhans & Béarez	Miocene (Messinian) and early Pliocene	Gros Morne Formation Manzanilla Formation	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	A member of Sciaenidae belonging to the subfamily Stelliferinae, a species of Xenotolithus.

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