705
This article is about the year 705. For the number, see 705 (number).
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 7th century – 8th century – 9th century |
| Decades: | 670s 680s 690s – 700s – 710s 720s 730s |
| Years: | 702 703 704 – 705 – 706 707 708 |
| 705 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 705 DCCV |
| Ab urbe condita | 1458 |
| Armenian calendar | 154 ԹՎ ՃԾԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5455 |
| Bengali calendar | 112 |
| Berber calendar | 1655 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1249 |
| Burmese calendar | 67 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6213–6214 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲辰年 (Wood Dragon) 3401 or 3341 — to — 乙巳年 (Wood Snake) 3402 or 3342 |
| Coptic calendar | 421–422 |
| Discordian calendar | 1871 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 697–698 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4465–4466 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 761–762 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 627–628 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3806–3807 |
| Holocene calendar | 10705 |
| Iranian calendar | 83–84 |
| Islamic calendar | 85–87 |
| Japanese calendar | Keiun 2 (慶雲２年) |
| Julian calendar | 705 DCCV |
| Korean calendar | 3038 |
| Minguo calendar | 1207 before ROC 民前1207年 |
| Seleucid era | 1016/1017 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1247–1248 |
Pope John VII (705–707)
Year 705 (DCCV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 705 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
- Spring – An army of 15,000 Bulgar and Slav horsemen under Justinian II appear before the walls of Constantinople.[1] After three days, his troops discover a unused water conduit under the walls of the city, and enter through the Valens Aqueduct. Hearing that Justinian has taken control of the Blachernae Palace, emperor Tiberios III flees to Bithynia (modern Turkey) where he evades capture for several months.[2]
- Justinian II ascends again to the throne and rewards his ally Tervel, ruler (khagan) of the Bulgarian Empire, for his assistance with the title of kaisar (Caesar), which makes him second only to Justinian and the first foreign ruler in Byzantine history to receive such a title, and a territorial concession in northeastern Thrace, a region called Zagora in modern-day Bulgaria.[3][4]
Europe
- Duke Gisulf I of Benevento captures the cities of Sora, Arpino, and Arce (Central Italy). He marches as far as Horrea,[5] plundering and burning, before he is confronted with gifts by the ambassadors of pope John VI, who ransom many of his captives.
Britain
- King Ine of Wessex becomes estranged from the kings Sigeheard and Swæfred of Essex who are sheltering exiled rivals to the Wessex throne. At a council at Brentford, the latter agree to banish the exiles in return for Ine not attacking their kingdom.[6]
- Prince Osred of Northumbria assisted by ealdorman defeat the usurper Eadwulf I. He becomes king at the age of nine, the government is controlled by the powerful bishop Wilfrid.
- King Geraint of Dumnonia grants land at Maker (Cornwall) to Sherborne Abbey in an attempt to strengthen his position in the disputed regions of Dorset (approximate date).
Arabian Empire
- Arab forces gain power in Central Asia as Qutayba ibn Muslim becomes governor of Khorasan. The region has grown rich from trade with China and Eastern Europe, its merchants dealing in silk, furs, amber, honey, and walrus ivory. During his rule, Qutayba subjugates the mercantile cities of Bukhara and Samarkand (modern Uzbekistan) as well as the Oxus delta area of Khwarezm south of the Aral Sea.
- October 8 – Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan dies in his winter resort at Al-Sinnabra (Palestine) after a 20-year reign. During his rule, the financial administration of the Umayyad Caliphate has been reorganized. Arab coins have replaced former Byzantine and Sassanian coins, and regular postal service has been established between Damascus and the provincial capitals. Abd al-Malik is succeeded by his son Al-Walid I.[3][7]
- Arab conquest of Armenia: Large-scale Armenian rebellion is suppressed by Muhammad ibn Marwan. He captures and deports Smbat VI Bagratuni and other leading princes. Many of the captured nakharar are gathered into churches and burned alive at Nakhchevan (modern Azerbaijan).[3][7]
Asia
- February 22 – Empress Wu Zetian is deposed in a coup d'état organized by her chancellor Zhang Jianzhi after a 15-year reign. His chief ministers gain support from some generals to seize the imperial palace and execute the Zhang brothers. They reinstall her son Zhong Zong whom she deposed 15 years ago, restoring the Tang dynasty. This marks the end of the short-lived Zhou dynasty in China.
By topic
Religion
- January 11 – Pope John VI dies at Rome after a reign of little more than 3 years. During his rule, he has protected the Byzantine exarch Theophylactus when he invaded the Italian mainland from Sicily. He also induced Gisulf I, Lombard duke of Benevento, to withdraw from Byzantine territory; ransomed captives and ordered the restoration of Wilfrid, as deposed bishop of York. He is succeeded by John VII as the 86th pope of the Catholic Church.[3]
- Al-Walid I commissions the construction of Al-Aqsa Mosque located in the Old City of Jerusalem (approximate date).
Births
- Amoghavajra, Chinese translator (d. 774)
- Thingfrith, Earl of Mercia (approximate date)
- Tiberius, son of Justinian II (d. 711)
- Sturm, abbot of Fulda (approximate date)
Deaths
- January 11 – Pope John VI
- October 8 – Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Muslim caliph (b. 646)
- December 16 – Wu Zetian, Empress of the Zhou Dynasty (b. 624)
- Aldfrith, king of Northumbria (or 704)
- Bosa, archbishop of York (approximate date)
- Cellach mac Rogallaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)
- Hædde, bishop of Winchester (approximate date)
- Heraclius, Byzantine general (monostrategos)
- Kallinikos I, patriarch of Constantinople (or 706)
- Lambert of Maastricht, bishop (approximate date)
- Varaz Trdat I, king of Caucasian Albania
References
- ↑ Ostrogorsky, pp. 124–126
- ↑ Norwich, p. 337
- 1 2 3 4 Venning, Timothy, ed. (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 190. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ↑ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 340, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2
- ↑ Paul the Deacon, Chapter XXVII. Identified as Puteoli or a location at the five mile mark of the Via Latina
- ↑ Kirby, Earliest English Kings, pp. 125–126
- 1 2 Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 341, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2
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