859
This article is about the year 859. For the number, see 859 (number).
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 8th century – 9th century – 10th century |
| Decades: | 820s 830s 840s – 850s – 860s 870s 880s |
| Years: | 856 857 858 – 859 – 860 861 862 |
| 859 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishment and disestablishment categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 859 DCCCLIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1612 |
| Armenian calendar | 308 ԹՎ ՅԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5609 |
| Bengali calendar | 266 |
| Berber calendar | 1809 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1403 |
| Burmese calendar | 221 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6367–6368 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊寅年 (Earth Tiger) 3555 or 3495 — to — 己卯年 (Earth Rabbit) 3556 or 3496 |
| Coptic calendar | 575–576 |
| Discordian calendar | 2025 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 851–852 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4619–4620 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 915–916 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 781–782 |
| - Kali Yuga | 3960–3961 |
| Holocene calendar | 10859 |
| Iranian calendar | 237–238 |
| Islamic calendar | 244–245 |
| Japanese calendar | Ten'an 3 / Jōgan 1 (貞観元年) |
| Julian calendar | 859 DCCCLIX |
| Korean calendar | 3192 |
| Minguo calendar | 1053 before ROC 民前1053年 |
| Seleucid era | 1170/1171 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1401–1402 |
Vikings begin an expedition in the Mediterranean (between 859–862)
Year 859 (DCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- January 15 – Battle of Saint-Quentin: Frankish forces led by Humfrid defeat king Louis the German at Saint-Quentin (Northern France). Humfrid is enfeoffed with the County of Autun and appointed Margrave of Burgundy by king Charles the Bald.
- Summer – The Viking chieftains Hastein and Björn Ironside (a son of Ragnar Lodbrok) begin an expedition and sail from the Loire River with a fleet of 62 ships to raid cities and monasteries in the Mediterranean Sea.[1]
- Viking raiders invade the Kingdom of Pamplona (Western Pyrenees) and capture king García Íñiguez I, somewhere in the Andalusian heartland. They extort a ransom, rising to around 70,000 gold dinars.[2]
- The Russian city of Novgorod is first mentioned in the Sofia chronicles.
- Winter - The weather is so severe that the Adriatic Sea freezes and Italy is covered in snow for 100 days.[3]
Arabian Empire
- Battle of Albelda: King Ordoño I of Asturias and his ally García Íñiguez I defeat the Muslims under Musa ibn Musa al-Qasawi at Albelda.
- Iberian Peninsula: Viking raiders burn the mosques of Seville and Algesiras in Al-Andalus (modern Spain).[4]
Africa
- The University of Al Karaouine is founded in Fes (modern Morocco) by Fatima al-Fihri (recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest university in the world).
China
- September 7 – Emperor Xuān Zong (Li Yi) dies after a 13-year reign. He is succeeded by his eldest son Yi Zong as ruler of the Tang Dynasty.
Births
Deaths
- December 13 – Angilbert II, archbishop of Milan
- Dhul-Nun al-Misri, Egyptian scholar and Sufi (b. 796)
- March 11 – Eulogius, Spanish priest and martyr
- Lu Shang, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 789)
- September 7 – Xuān Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 810)
References
- ↑ Haywood, John (1995). The Historical Atlas of the Vikings, pp. 58–59. Penguin Books: ISBN 0-14-051328-0
- ↑ Martínez Díez 2007, p. 25.
- ↑ Yanko-Hombach, Valentina (2006). The Black Sea Flood Question. Springer. p. 638. ISBN 1402047746.
- ↑ Rucquoi, Adeline (1993). Histoire médiévale de la Péninsule ibérique. Paris: Seuil. p. 85. ISBN 2-02-012935-3.
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