Australian referendum, 1977 (Referendums)

The Constitution Alteration (Referendums) 1977 was an Australian referendum held in the 1977 referendums in which electors approved an amendment to the Australian constitution to allow electors in the Australian territories to vote at referendums. Electors in the territories were to be counted towards the national total, but would not be counted toward any state total.

Question

It is proposed to alter the Constitution so as to allow electors in the territories, as well as electors in the states, to vote at referendums on proposed laws to alter the Constitution.

Do you approve the proposed law?

Results

Result
State	On rolls	Ballots issued	For		Against		Invalid
State	On rolls	Ballots issued		%		%	Invalid
New South Wales	3,007,511	2,774,388	2,292,822	83.92%	439,247	16.08%	42,319
Victoria	2,252,831	2,083,136	1,647,187	80.78%	391,855	19.22%	44,094
Queensland	1,241,426	1,138,842	670,820	59.58%	455,051	40.42%	12,971
South Australia	799,243	745,990	606,743	83.29%	121,770	16.71%	17,477
Western Australia	682,291	617,463	437,751	72.62%	165,049	27.38%	14,663
Tasmania	259,081	246,063	150,346	62.25%	91,184	37.75%	4,533
Australian Total	8,242,383	7,605,882	5,805,669	77.72%	1,664,156	22.28%	136,057
Obtained majority in all six States and an overall majority of 4,141,513 votes.
Carried

Discussion

At the time of Federation the very few people who lived in the Northern Territory voted as residents of South Australia. Territorians could therefore vote in constitutional referendums. When the Territory was surrendered to the Commonwealth in 1911, however, its citizens lost the vote in such referendums, due to the failure to refer to Territory voters in s. 128. Residents of the Australian Capital Territory were similarly restricted. In 1967 demonstrations against this restriction upon civil rights occurred in Alice Springs, as Territorians expressed their resentment at not being able to vote in the Aborigines referendum.

In the 1974 referendum the Whitlam Government attempted to amend s. 128 in a double-pronged proposal. Territorial voting rights in referendums were sought, but the Government also proposed that constitutional amendments could be carried with just half of the States — instead of a majority of States — voting in favour. Only New South Wales supported the proposal, but it is likely that had the Territories section been a separate question, it would have been ratified.

In 1977 the question of Territory votes was relatively uncontroversial, being carried in every State, gaining a national YES vote of 77.7 per cent, though Queensland (40.4 per cent) and Tasmania (37.8 per cent) had quite large NO votes. It has been claimed that the high vote of approval was a reminder of Australia's honourable record of electoral reform — that the amendment had 'Australian political tradition behind it'. Despite John Paul of the University of New South Wales dismissing the change as the granting of a 'hollow privilege', The Canberra Times stated that people in both Territories should be grateful, 'for the universal acknowledgment that their natural right to vote in future referendums will now be given the force of law'.

External links

State-by-state results of the 1977 referendum

Elections and referendums in Australia

Federal elections	1901 1903 1906 1910 1913 1914 1917 1919 1922 1925 1928 1929 1931 1934 1937 1940 1943 1946 1949 1951 1953 1954 1955 1958 1961 1963 1964 1966 1967 1969 1970 1972 1974 1975 1977 1980 1983 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 next by-elections

Referendums	1906 1910 1911 1913 1916 1917 1919 1926 1928 1937 1944 1946 1948 1951 1967 1973 1974 1977 1984 1988 1999

Elections in: Australian Capital Territory New South Wales Northern Territory Queensland South Australia Tasmania Victoria Western Australia

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