B3GAT2

Beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2
PDB rendering based on 2d0j.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2D0J​
Identifiers
Symbols	B3GAT2 ; GLCATS
External IDs	OMIM: 607497 MGI: 2389490 HomoloGene: 50574 ChEMBL: 5209 GeneCards: B3GAT2 Gene
EC number	2.4.1.135
Gene ontology Molecular function • galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • Golgi membrane • integral component of membrane Biological process • carbohydrate metabolic process • protein glycosylation • glycosaminoglycan metabolic process • chondroitin sulfate metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	135152	280645
Ensembl	ENSG00000112309	ENSMUSG00000026156
UniProt	Q9NPZ5	P59270
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_080742	NM_172124
RefSeq (protein)	NP_542780	NP_742122
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 70.86 – 70.96 Mb	Chr 1: 23.76 – 23.85 Mb
PubMed search

Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B3GAT2 gene.^[1][2]

The product of this gene is a transmembrane protein belonging to the glucuronyltransferase family, and catalyzes the transfer of a beta-1,3 linked glucuronic acid to a terminal galactose in different glycoproteins or glycolipids containing a Gal-beta-1-4GlcNAc or Gal-beta-1-3GlcNAc residue. The encoded protein is involved in the synthesis of the human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate epitope, a sulfated trisaccharide implicated in cellular migration and adhesion in the nervous system.^[2]

Use of HNK-1 Antibody for Neural Crest Research

Antibodies raised against the HNK-1 epitope have played a large role in studies of the neural crest, especially in the avian embryo.^[3] The first antibody raised against this epitope was NC-1,^[4] which permitted much easier analyses of neural crest migration pathways. In avians, and especially in other vertebrates, the results of HNK-1 staining should be interpreted with caution as the epitope is not unique to the neural crest.

References

1. Imiya K, Ishizaki T, Seiki T, Saito F, Inazawa J, Oka S, Kawasaki T (Oct 2002). "cDNA cloning, genomic structure and chromosomal mapping of the mouse glucuronyltransferase-S involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope". Gene 296 (1-2): 29–36. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00840-5. PMID 12383500.
2. "Entrez Gene: B3GAT2 beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2 (glucuronosyltransferase S)".
3. Bronner-Fraser M (May 1986). "Analysis of the early stages of trunk neural crest migration in avian embryos using monoclonal antibody HNK-1". Dev. Biol. 115 (1): 44–55. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90226-5. PMID 3516760.
4. Vincent M, Thiery JP (June 1984). "A cell surface marker for neural crest and placodal cells: further evolution in peripheral and central nervous system". Dev. Biol. 103 (2): 468–81. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(84)90334-8. PMID 6202575.

Further reading

• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O (2002). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins.". DNA Res. 8 (6): 319–27. doi:10.1093/dnares/8.6.319. PMID 11853319.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Marcos I, Galán JJ, Borrego S, Antiñolo G (2003). "Cloning, characterization, and chromosome mapping of the human GlcAT-S gene.". J. Hum. Genet. 47 (12): 677–80. doi:10.1007/s100380200103. PMID 12522689.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.". Nature 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Kakuda S, Oka S, Kawasaki T (2004). "Purification and characterization of two recombinant human glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate in Escherichia coli.". Protein Expr. Purif. 35 (1): 111–9. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2003.12.021. PMID 15039073.
• Kakuda S, Sato Y, Tonoyama Y; et al. (2005). "Different acceptor specificities of two glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate.". Glycobiology 15 (2): 203–10. doi:10.1093/glycob/cwi001. PMID 15470230.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y; et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Shiba T, Kakuda S, Ishiguro M; et al. (2006). "Crystal structure of GlcAT-S, a human glucuronyltransferase, involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope.". Proteins 65 (2): 499–508. doi:10.1002/prot.21118. PMID 16897771.