Charlotte County, New Brunswick

Charlotte
County
Location within New Brunswick.
Coordinates: 44°56′N 66°59′W / 44.933°N 66.983°WCoordinates: 44°56′N 66°59′W / 44.933°N 66.983°W
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
Established	1785
Area[1]
• Land	3,424.33 km^2 (1,322.14 sq mi)
Population (2011)[1]
• Total	26,549
• Density	7.8/km^2 (20/sq mi)
• Pop 2006-2011	1.3%
• Dwellings	13,486
Time zone	AST (UTC-4)
• Summer (DST)	ADT (UTC-3)
Area code(s)	506

Charlotte County (2011 population 26,549) is located in the southwestern portion of New Brunswick, Canada. The courthouse and gaol for the county were located in St. Andrews, but now serve only as a tourist attraction, as the civic functions have been transferred to St. Stephen.

In most of the county, fishing and aquaculture dominate the local economy, although the town of St. Andrews is a tourist mecca and St. Stephen is dominated by the Ganong chocolate factory.

The Bayside Port Corporation, located on the St. Croix River of the Bay of Fundy midway between St. Stephen and St. Andrews, has three berths with lengths of 100, 80, and 140 metres and corresponding depths of 8.1, 6.5, and 9.75 metres. The approach channel has a depth of 21.3 metres. A ship loader is used for quarried material.^[2]

The Bayside Marine Terminal is a two berth facility. The main source of traffic is in the areas of gypsum, a byproduct of the exhaust scrubber at the nearby Emera natural gas combustion power plant, and potatoes. The new private non-containerized temperature sensitive foods storage facilities will increase total volume of traffic, making Bayside one of the most important and fastest growing ports in the Maritimes.^[2]

Charlotte County Archives

The Charlotte County Archives is a collection of thousands of original documents reflecting various individuals, groups, and businesses who have contributed to the social, cultural, economic and political life of Charlotte County, New Brunswick. Its collections date back to the 18th century. Visitors to the Archives have access to more than 5,000 photographic images dating from the 1850s, manuscripts and theses, Charlotte County newspapers, maps and architectural drawings, letters, diaries, and ships' logs. The reference room includes family histories, and other genealogical resources, a small research library and microfilm readers.

The Charlotte County Archives, a not-for-profit organization, was established in 1975 by the Charlotte County Historical Society. The Archives has occupied the Old Gaol since 1982, and the building is provided and maintained by the Province of New Brunswick. The Province provides some financial support, but the majority of the Archives' operating funds is derived from donations and fund raising activities.^[3]

Old Gaol

The Old Charlotte County Gaol was built in 1832 and sits next to the Charlotte County Courthouse. It is built of 2 ¹⁄₂-foot-thick (0.76 m) square granite blocks. Each claustrophobic cell is accessed by a narrow iron door, the only daylight coming from even narrower windows. The building housed prisoners from 1832 to 1979.

Census subdivisions

Communities

There are six incorporated municipalities within Charlotte County (listed by 2011 population):

Official Name	Designation	Area km^2	Population	Parish
St. Stephen	Town	12.43	4,817	Saint Stephen
Grand Manan	Village	150.78	2,377	Grand Manan
St. Andrews	Town	8.35	1,889	Saint Andrews
St. George	Town	16.13	1,543	Saint George
Campobello	Rural community	39.59	1,056	Campobello
Blacks Harbour	Village	8.90	982	Pennfield

Parishes

The county is subdivided into fourteen parishes (listed by 2011 population):

Official Name	Area km^2	Population	Incorporated municipalities	Unincorporated communities
Saint George	499.76	2,472	St. George (town)	Back Bay / Bonny River / Breadalbane / Caithness / Canal / Greens Point / Lee Settlement / Letang / L'Etete / Mascarene / Pomeroy / Second Falls / Upper Letang / Utopia
Pennfield	363.88	2,218	Blacks Harbour (village)	Beaver Harbour / Crow Harbour / Justasons Corner / McCarthy's Point / Pennfield / Pennfield Corner / Pennfield Ridge / Seeleys Cove / Utopia Centre / Woodland
Saint Stephen	103.38	1,986	St. Stephen (town)	Barter Settlement / Blackland / Burnt Hill / Dennis-Weston / Five Corners / Four Corners / Hayman Hill / Heathland / Maxwell Crossing / Mayfield / Mohannes / Old Bay Road / Old Ridge / Upper Mills / Valley Road
Saint David	189.93	1,605		Bay Road / Benson Corner / Board Road / Central Tower Hill / Hills Point / Honeydale / Leverville / Lower Tower Hill / Oak Bay / Oak Haven / Saint David / Simpson Corner / St. David Ridge / Upper Tower Hill
Saint James	556.00	1,241		Andersonville / Baillie / Barber Dam / Basswood Ridge / Beaconsfield / Canoose / DeWolfe / Gleason Road / Lawrence Station / Lower Little Ridge / Lynnfield / Meredith Settlement / Moores Mills / Oak Hill / Pomeroy Ridge / Saint James / Scotch Ridge / Upper Little Ridge / Watt Junction / Weeks Road / Western Charlotte
Campobello	39.67	925	Campobello (rural community)	North Road / Otter Cove / Welshpool / Wilsons Beach
Lepreau	209.40	752		Haggertys Cove / Lepreau / Maces Bay / Mink Brook / New River / New River Beach / Pocologan / Welch Cove
West Isles	38.01	731		Chocolate Cove / Cummings Cove / Fairhaven / Hersonville / Hibernia Cove / Indian Island / Lamberts Cove / Lambertville / Leonardville / Lords Cove / Northern Harbour / Northwest Harbour / West Isles
Saint Patrick	236.88	647		Bethel / Bocabec / Bocabec Cove / Digdeguash / Elmsville / Johnson Settlement / Kerrs Ridge / McMinn
Saint Croix	78.77	616		Bayside / Edwards Corner / Gilmans Corner / Lower Bayside / Lower Waweig / Saint Croix / Upper Bayside / Upper Waweig / Waweig / Wileys Corner
Saint Andrews	24.38	593	St. Andrews (town)	Bar Road / Chamcook / Chamcook Lake
Dufferin	12.40	575		Champlain / Crocker Hill / Dufferin / The Ledge
Dumbarton	375.08	368		Dumbarton / Flume Ridge / Greenock / Hewitt / Pleasant Ridge / Rollingdam / Sorrel Ridge / Tryon Settlement / Whittier Ridge
Grand Manan	6.20	162	Grand Manan (village)	Castalia / Deep Cove / Grand Harbour / Greens Landing / Ingalls Head / Mark Hill / North Head / Rocky Corner / Seal Cove / Tattons Corner / Woodwards Cove
Clarendon	492.91	52		Back Clarendon / Clarendon

Demographics

Population

Historical Census Data - Charlotte County, New Brunswick[6]
Year Pop. ±% 1991 26,607 —     1996 27,335 +2.7%	Year Pop. ±% 2001 27,366 +0.1% 2006 26,898 −1.7%	Year Pop. ±% 2011 26,549 −1.3%

Language

Canada Census Mother Tongue - Charlotte County, New Brunswick[6]
Census		Total		English				French				English & French				Other
Year		Responses		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %		Count	Trend	Pop %
2011		26,185		25,015	2.4%	95.53%		610	7.0%	2.33%		55	120.0%	0.21%		505	26.3%	1.93%
2006		26,620		25,625	1.8%	96.26%		570	15.6%	2.14%		25	28.6%	0.10%		400	90.5%	1.50%
2001		27,020		26,100	0.2%	96.59%		675	23.9%	2.50%		35	22.2%	0.13%		210	16.0%	0.78%
1996		26,990		26,150	n/a	96.89%		545	n/a	2.02%		45	n/a	0.17%		250	n/a	0.93%

Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the county, including external routes that start or finish at the county limits:^[7]

Highways Route 1 Route 3

Principal Routes Route 127 Route 170 Route 172 Route 175 Route 176

Secondary Routes: Route 630 Route 725 Route 730 Route 735 Route 740 Route 745 Route 750 Route 755

Secondary Routes (cont): Route 760 Route 770 Route 772 Route 774 Route 776 Route 778 Route 780 Route 785

External Routes: US 1

Disputed area with the United States

• Machias Seal Island
• North Rock

Protected areas and attractions

Notable people

See also

• List of communities in New Brunswick

References

1. 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Charlotte County, New Brunswick
2. "Port of Bayside, NB, Canada"
3. Charlotte County Weekend, St. Stephen, NB, March 27, 2004
4. "2006 Community Profiles". Canada 2006 Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2014-03-26.
5. "2001 Community Profiles". Canada 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. February 17, 2012. Retrieved 2014-03-26.
6. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
7. Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas ISBN 978-1-55368-618-7 Pages 4-7, 12-14

External links

• Charlotte County Guide