List of municipalities in New Brunswick

Map of Canada with New Brunswick highlighted in red
Location of New Brunswick in Canada
Map showing locations of all of New Brunswick's municipalities
Distribution of New Brunswick's 107 municipalities and rural communities by municipal status type

New Brunswick is the eighth-most populous province in Canada with 751,171 residents as of the 2011 Census. It is the third-smallest in land area at approximately 71,400 km2 (27,600 sq mi).[1] New Brunswick's 107 municipalities[2] cover only 8.6% of the province's land mass but are home to 65.3% of its population.

Municipalities in New Brunswick may incorporate under the Municipalities Act of 1973 as a city, town, village, regional municipality, or rural community.[3] Municipal governments are led by elected councils and are responsible for the delivery of services such as civic administration, land use planning, emergency measures, policing, road, and garbage collection.[4] New Brunwsick has 8 cities, 26 towns, 65 villages, 1 regional municipality, and 7 rural communities.[4][5] Although rural communities are under the Municipalities Act, the provincial government distinguishes them from municipalities.[6]

In 1785, Saint John became the first community in what would eventually become Canada to incorporate as a city.[7] It is New Brunswick's largest municipality by population with 70,063 residents as of the 2011 census and largest urban municipality by land area at 315.82 km2 (121.94 sq mi).[8] Approximately one-third of the residents of New Brunswick do not live in municipalities but reside in local service districts, which are unincorporated communities administered by the Minister of Environment and Local Government and have no local government of their own.[4]

Cities

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a town as a city under the Municipal Act if it has a population of at least 10,000.[3] Cities already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had eight cities that had a cumulative population of 272,174 and an average population of 34,022 in the 2011 Census.[8] Saint John is New Brunswick's largest city by population (70,063) and land area (315.82 km2 (121.94 sq mi)).[8] New Brunswick's smallest smallest city by population (7,385) is Campbellton and smallest by size is Miramichi at 99.0 km2 (38.2 sq mi).[8]

Towns

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a village as a town under the Municipal Act if it has a population of 1,500 or more, and provides a level of services that the Minister of Environment and Local Government considers appropriate.[3] Towns already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had 26 towns that had a cumulative population of 129,311 and an average population of 4,974 in the 2011 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest town by population is Riverview with 19,128 residents and largest town by area is Sackville with a land area of 74.32 km2 (28.70 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest town by population is Hartland with 947 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Quentin at 74.32 km2 (28.70 sq mi).[8]

Villages

New Brunswick had 66 villages at the time of the 2011 Census,[8] which dropped to 65 on July 1, 2012 when Kedgwick became a rural community.[9] In the 2011 Census, the province's 65 villages had a cumulative population of 71,956 and an average population of 1,107.[8] New Brunswick's largest village by population is Memramcook with 4,831 residents and largest village by area is Belledune with a land area of 189.33 km2 (73.10 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest village by population is Meductic with 228 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Louis de Kent at 2.00 km2 (0.77 sq mi).[8][10]

Regional municipalities

New Brunswick's first and only regional municipality was incorporated on May 12, 2014. The Regional Municipality of Tracadie was formed through the amalgamation of the former Town of Tracadie–Sheila, eighteen local service districts and portions of two other local service districts.[11] Regional municipalities must have a population greater than 15,000 and a community grouping that includes at least one municipality.[4] Regional municipalities elect a local council but are responsible only for community administration, planning and emergency measures services, and all services previously provided by any former municipality that is now part of the regional municipality.[4] The Province of New Brunswick is responsible for police protection and road services, unless the regional municipality chooses to assume these responsibilities.[4]

Rural communities

New Brunswick had four rural communities at the time of the 2011 Census;[8] this increased to seven following the incorporations of Kedgwick in 2012 and Cocagne and Hanwell in 2014.[lower-alpha 1] These seven rural communities had a cumulative population of 12,406 and an average population of 1,772 in the 2011 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest and smallest rural communities are Beaubassin East and Saint-André with populations of 6,200 and 819 respectively.[8] Rural communities elect local councils and are responsible for the delivery of some local services, including administrative services, community planning and emergency measures.[4] The province of New Brunswick ensures the delivery of other services including but not limited to solid waste collection and recreation services unless the rural community chooses to take on these responsibilities.[4] Rural communities that include a former village or town are an exception, as they are responsible to provide all services that were previously provided by their former municipality.[4]

List

Skyline of Saint John
Skyline of Saint John, New Brunswick's largest municipality
Skyline of Moncton
Skyline of Moncton, New Brunswick's second-largest municipality
Skyline of Fredericton
Skyline of Fredericton, New Brunswick's capital city and third-largest municipality
Name Status Incorporation
year[14]		 Population
(2011)[8]		 Population
(2006)[8]		 Change
(%)[8]		 Land area
(km²)[8]		 Population density
(per km²)[8]
Bathurst City 1912 12,275 12,714 −3.5 91.86 133.6
Campbellton City 1888 7,385 7,384 0.0 18.66 395.8
Dieppe City 1952 23,310 18,565 25.6 54.11 430.8
Edmundston City 1952 16,032 16,643 −3.7 107.00 149.8
Fredericton City 1848 56,224 50,535 11.3 131.67 427.0
Miramichi City 1995 17,811 18,129 −1.8 179.93 99.0
Moncton City 1890 69,074 64,128 7.7 141.17 489.3
Saint John City 1785 70,063 68,043 3.0 315.82 221.8
Beresford Town1967 4,351 4,264 2.0 19.20 226.6
Bouctouche Town1966 2,423 2,383 1.7 18.34 132.1
Caraquet Town 1961 4,169 4,156 0.3 68.26 61.1
Dalhousie Town 1905 3,512 3,676 −4.5 14.51 242.0
Florenceville-Bristol Town 2008 1,639 1,539 6.5 15.61 105.0
Grand Bay-Westfield Town 1998 5,117 4,981 2.7 59.86 85.5
Grand Falls Town 1890 5,706 5,650 1.0 18.06 315.9
Hampton Town 1966 4,292 4,004 7.2 21.00 204.4
Hartland Town 1918 947 947 0.0 9.63 98.3
Lamèque Town 1966 1,432 1,422 0.7 12.45 115.0
Nackawic Town 1976 1,049 977 7.4 8.40 124.9
Oromocto Town 1956 8,932 8,402 6.3 22.37 399.3
Quispamsis Town 1966 17,886 15,239 17.4 57.06 313.5
Richibucto Town 1966 1,286 1,290 −0.3 11.83 108.7
Riverview Town 1973 19,128 17,832 7.3 33.88 564.6
Rothesay Town 1988 11,947 11,637 2.7 34.77 343.6
Sackville Town 1903 5,558 5,411 2.7 74.32 74.8
Saint Andrews Town1903 1,889 1,798 5.1 8.35 226.2
St. George Town 1904 1,543 1,309 17.9 16.13 95.7
Saint-Léonard Town1920 1,343 1,352 −0.7 5.20 258.3
Saint-Quentin Town1947 2,095 2,250 −6.9 4.30 487.2
St. Stephen Town1973[lower-alpha 2] 4,817 4,780 0.8 13.45 358.1
Shediac Town1903 6,053 5,497 10.1 12.50 484.2
Shippagan Town1947 2,631[10] 2,754 −4.5 9.94 264.7
Sussex Town 1904 4,312 4,241 1.7 9.03 477.5
Woodstock Town 1856 5,254 5,113 2.8 13.41 391.8
Alma Village 1966 232 301 −22.9 47.64 4.9
Aroostook Village1966 351 346 1.4 2.24 156.7
Atholville Village 1966 1,237 1,317 −6.1 10.25 120.7
Baker Brook Village 1967 585 525 11.4 12.29 47.6
Balmoral Village 1972 1,719 1,706 0.8 43.53 39.5
Bas-Caraquet Village 1966 1,380 1,471 −6.2 31.00 44.5
Bath Village 1966 532 512 3.9 2.03 262.1
Belledune Village 1968 1,548 1,711 −9.5 189.33 8.2
Bertrand Village 1968 1,137 1,179 −3.6 46.45 24.5
Blacks Harbour Village1972 982 952 3.2 8.90 110.3
Blackville Village1966 990 931 6.3 21.73 45.6
Cambridge-Narrows Village1966 620 717 −13.5 106.94 5.8
Canterbury Village1966 336[10] 360 −6.7 5.34 62.9
Cap-Pelé Village1969 2,256 2,279 −1.0 23.78 94.9
Centreville Village1966 542 523 3.6 2.69 201.5
Charlo Village1966 1,324 1,386 −4.5 31.24 42.4
Chipman Village1966 1,236 1,291 −4.3 19.58 63.1
Clair Village1966 857 848 1.1 10.39 82.5
Doaktown Village1966 793 888 −10.7 28.74 27.6
Dorchester Village1966 1,167 1,119 4.3 5.74 203.3
Drummond Village 1967 775 839 −7.6 8.91 87.0
Eel River Crossing Village1966 1,209 1,168 3.5 17.45 69.3
Fredericton Junction Village1966 752 715 5.2 23.86 31.5
Gagetown Village1966 698 719 −2.9 49.48 14.1
Grand Manan Village 1995 2,377 2,460 −3.4 150.86 15.8
Grande-Anse Village 1968 738 758 −2.6 24.42 30.2
Harvey Village 1966 363 352 3.1 2.46 147.6
Hillsborough Village 1966 1,350 1,292 4.5 12.98 104.0
Lac Baker Village 1967 719 705 2.0 37.12 19.4
Le Goulet Village 1986 817 908 −10.0 5.46 149.6
Maisonnette Village 1986 573 599 −4.3 12.88 44.5
McAdam Village1966 1,284 1,404 −8.5 14.47 88.7
Meductic Village1966 228[10] 155 47.1 5.57 40.9
Memramcook Village1995 4,831 4,638 4.2 185.71 26.0
Millville Village1966 307 303 1.3 12.16 25.2
Minto Village1966 2,505 2,681 −6.6 31.53 79.4
Neguac Village1967 1,678 1,623 3.4 26.69 62.9
New Maryland Village1991 4,232 4,248 −0.4 21.24 199.2
Nigadoo Village1967 952 927 2.7 7.69 123.8
Norton Village1966 1,301 1,314 −1.0 75.35 17.3
Paquetville Village1966 706 642 10.0 9.40 75.1
Perth-Andover Village1966 1,778 1,797 −1.1 8.89 200.0
Petitcodiac Village1966 1,429 1,368 4.5 17.22 83.0
Petit-Rocher Village1966 1,908 1,949 −2.1 4.49 424.9
Plaster Rock Village1966 1,135 1,150 −1.3 3.09 367.3
Pointe-Verte Village1966 976 971 0.5 13.79 70.8
Port Elgin Village1922 418 451 −7.3 2.61 160.2
Rexton Village1966 818 862 −5.1 6.14 133.2
Riverside-Albert Village1966 353 320 10.3 3.41 103.5
Rivière-Verte Village1966 744 798 −6.8 7.00 106.3
Rogersville Village1966 1,170 1,165 0.4 7.23 161.8
Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska Village1966 1,002 1,073 −6.6 9.21 108.8
Saint-Antoine Village1966[lower-alpha 3] 1,770 1,546 14.5 6.43 275.3
Saint-François-de-Madawaska Village1966 533 585 −8.9 6.34 84.1
Saint-Hilaire Village1967 303[10] 231 31.2 5.67 53.4
Saint-Isidore Village1966 748 796 −6.0 22.58 33.1
Saint-Léolin Village1978 684[10] 733 −6.7 19.78 34.6
Saint-Louis de Kent Village1966 930 960 −3.1 2.00 465.0
Sainte-Marie-Saint-Raphaël Village1986 955 993 −3.8 15.61 61.2
St. Martins Village1966 314 386 −18.7 2.29 137.1
Salisbury Village1966 2,208 2,036 8.4 13.68 161.4
Stanley Village1966 419 433 −3.2 17.34 24.2
Sussex Corner Village1966 1,495 1,413 5.8 9.43 158.5
Tide Head Village1966 1,036 1,075 −3.6 19.57 52.9
Tracy Village 1966 611 619 −1.3 29.39 20.8
Tracadie Regional municipality 2014[15] 16,137 24.65 200.1[16]
Beaubassin East Rural community 1995[17] 6,200 6,429 −3.6 291.12 21.3
Campobello Island Rural community 2010[18] 925 1,056 −12.4 39.67 23.3
Cocagne Rural community 2014[12] 2,540[19]
Hanwell Rural community 2014[13] 4,740[19]
Kedgwick[lower-alpha 4] Rural community 2012[9] 2,089 2,251 −7.1 657.76 3.2
Saint-André Rural community 2006[20] 819 868 −5.6 8.12 100.9
Upper Miramichi Rural community 2008[21] 2,373 2,414 −1.7 1,835.01 1.3
Total cities — — 272,174 256,141 6.3 1,040.22 261.7
Total regional municipality — — 4,933 — — 24.65 200.1
Total rural communities[lower-alpha 5] — — 12,406 13,018 −4.7 2,831.68 4.4
Total towns — — 129,311 122,904 5.2 591.86 218.5
Total villages — — 71,956 72,522 −0.8 1,638.71 43.9
Total municipalities — — 490,780 — — 6,127.12 80.1

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Kedgwick was incorporated as a rural community through the amalgamation of the former Village of Kedgwick with the former local service district of the parish of Grimmer,[9] while Cocagne and Hanwell were previously local service districts.[12][13]
  2. ↑ St. Stephen was incorporated as a town in 1871, but amalgamated with Milltown in 1973 and renamed St. Stephen-Milltown but the name reverted to St. Stephen in 1975.[14]
  3. ↑ Incorporated as St. Anthony but the name was changed to Saint-Antoine in 1969.[14]
  4. ↑ Figures include the local service district of the parish of Grimmer which was incorporated with Kedgwick in 2012[9]
  5. ↑ Totals exclude the 2006 populations and 2011 land areas of Cocagne and Hanwell as their 2006 populations and 2011 land areas are not available from Statistics Canada.

References

  1. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2011 and 2006 censuses". Statistics Canada. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Welcome to the Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick". The Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Municipalities Act". Government of New Brunswick. 1973. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Types of Local Governments". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Community Profiles". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Municipalities (Cities, Towns, Villages) and Rural Communities". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved January 6, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (New Brunswick)". Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Rural Community of Kedgwick Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 15, 2012. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Corrections and updates: Population and dwelling count amendments, 2011 Census". Statistics Canada. February 14, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
  11. ↑ "Establishing the Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila" (PDF). New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government. February 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  12. 1 2 "Rural Community of Cocagne Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  13. 1 2 "Rural Community of Hanwell Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  14. 1 2 3 "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  15. ↑ "Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick Office of the Attorney General. March 28, 2014. p. 3. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  16. ↑ "Municipal Profile". Ville de Tracadie-Sheila Inc. 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Rural Community of Beaubassin East Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 24, 1995. p. 6. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Rural Community of Campobello Island Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. August 31, 2010. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  19. 1 2 "Interim List of Changes to Municipal Boundaries, Status, and Names, From January 2, 2014 to January 1, 2015 – Table 1 Changes to census subdivisions in alphabetical order by province and territory (with 8C and 9C)" (XLSX). Statistics Canada. May 27, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  20. ↑ "Rural Community of Saint-André Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. May 26, 2006. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  21. ↑ "Rural Community of Upper Miramichi Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 17, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.

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