Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh

For other uses, see Chittoor (disambiguation).
Chittoor
చిత్తూరు
City
Chittoor
Coordinates: 13°12′00″N 79°07′00″E / 13.2000°N 79.1167°E / 13.2000; 79.1167Coordinates: 13°12′00″N 79°07′00″E / 13.2000°N 79.1167°E / 13.2000; 79.1167
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
Region Rayalaseema
District Chittoor
Area[1]
 • City 33.57 km2 (12.96 sq mi)
Elevation 333.75 m (1,094.98 ft)
Population (2011)[2]
 • City 153,756
 • Density 4,600/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
 • Metro[3] 175,647
Languages
 • Official Telugu
Languages
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 517xxx
Telephone code +91–8572
Vehicle registration AP–03
Website Chittoor Municipal Corporation

Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division, respectively.[4] The city has a population of 153,766 and that of the agglomeration is 175,640.[2][5](2011 census)

History

Pre-history

The district abounds in several pre-historic sites. The surface finds discovered are assigned to special stages in the progress of civilization. The Palaeolithic tools are discovered at Tirupathi, Sitarampeta, Ellampalle, Mekalavandlapalle, Piler, etc. The Mesolithic tools are discovered at Chinthaparthi, Moratavandlapalle, Aruvandlapalle, Tirupathi etc. Remains of Neolithic and ancient tools are unearthed near Bangarupalem only. The existence of megolithic culture was revealed by the discovery of burials at Irulabanda, Bapanatham, Voyalpadu, Sodum, Velkuru, Nyakaneri, Basinikonda, etc.

Political history

The political history of the district commences with the Mauryas in the 4th century BC. The district of Chittoor was not a homogeneous administrative unit up to 1911. Its component parts were under the control of various principal dynasties at different periods of times, namely, the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas, Cholas, Pandyas, Royal of Vijayanagara, Qutub Shahis, Mughals, Asof Jahis, Marathas, Hyder Ali and Tipu of Mysore, and the British, besides minor dynasties such as the Renande Cholas, Banas, Vaidumbas, Nolambas, Western Gangas, Yadavas, Telugu Cholas, Matlis, Uttama Chola Ganga, Andiyaman, Siyaganga rulers, Nawabs of Kadapa and Arcot. The Zamindars of Karvetinagar, Srikalahasthi, Punganur and Kangundhi also ruled over this district.[6]

Geography

Chittoor city lies on the banks of Ponnai River at the southernmost part of Andhra Pradesh state. It is located on the NH 4 linking major metropolitan cities of Bangalore and Chennai.

The district derives its name from Chittoor, its headquarters town. It is located between the northern latitudes of 37" and 14??8" and between the eastern longitudes 78??33" and 79??55". It is bounded on the east by Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh and Trivuvallur and Vellore Districts of Tamil Nadu, on the west by Kolar and Chikkaballapur Districts of Karnataka, on the North Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh and on the south by Dharmapuri District of Tamil Nadu. In respect of area it takes the eighth place with an area of 15,150 Square Kilometers which accounts for 5.51 percent of the total area of the state. The general elevation of the mountainous part of the district is 2500 feet above sea level. The Chennai & Bangalore cities are located in 150 km. and 165 km. respectively to Chittoor Town.[7]

Climate

Climate data for Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 28.7
(83.7)		 31.4
(88.5)		 34.4
(93.9)		 36.4
(97.5)		 37.8
(100)		 35.5
(95.9)		 33.5
(92.3)		 33.3
(91.9)		 32.8
(91)		 31.1
(88)		 28.8
(83.8)		 27.6
(81.7)		 32.61
(90.68)
Average low °C (°F) 17.7
(63.9)		 18.8
(65.8)		 21.2
(70.2)		 24.5
(76.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 25.7
(78.3)		 24.6
(76.3)		 24.4
(75.9)		 23.8
(74.8)		 22.5
(72.5)		 20.2
(68.4)		 18.1
(64.6)		 22.31
(72.17)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 6
(0.24)		 6
(0.24)		 8
(0.31)		 24
(0.94)		 58
(2.28)		 72
(2.83)		 102
(4.02)		 115
(4.53)		 145
(5.71)		 162
(6.38)		 110
(4.33)		 54
(2.13)		 862
(33.94)
Source: Climate-Data.org[8]

Demographics

Telugu is both the official and widely spoken language.[9] Chittoor also has a sizeable population of Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil, Marathi speaking People. Its Multi cultural and Multi Linguistic. Chittoor has a population of 353,766[10] and has a sex ratio of 1000:1002 as compared to a ratio of 1000:992 in the state, as of 2011 census.[11] The literacy rate of the City is 90.60%.[12] Chittoor was upgraded as municipal corporation in 2011.

Governance

Chittoor Municipal Corporation is the civic administrative body of the city. It was constituted as a Grade–III municipality in the year 1917. It was upgraded to Grade–II in 1950, Grade–I in 1965, Special Grade in 1980 and Selection Grade in 2000. On 7 July 2012, it was upgraded to municipal corporation by merging 14 gram panchayats into the corporation and is spread over an of 69.75 km2 (26.93 sq mi).[13]

Economy

Chittoor is the district capital and houses many district level government institutions.

Chittoor is predominantly an agro-market place and a major market for mango, grain, sugarcane, and peanut. Other industries include oilseed, poultry and milk. Tomato farming contributing over 20% of the State's production. Ground nut is the most major commercial crop in the district followed by sugarcane and the major horticulture crop of mangoes. 2nd largest milk producing district with its expansive dairy industries. In the field of Dairy, the district stood first in the state. The district is famous also for textile industries like that of Silk with 13,000 power looms providing employment 40,000 workers. Granite industry famous for its black, pink and grey granites.[14]

Landmarks

The 11th century historical Chandragiri Fort is the notable landmark near the city.

Education

P. V. K. N. Government College is the government run college in the city.

Transport

The Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation operates bus services from Chittoor bus station.[15]

Politics

Chittoor is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh.

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Introduction". chittoormunicipalcorporation. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Andhra Pradesh (India): Districts, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts". citypopulation.de.
  3. ↑ "Andhra Pradesh (India): State, Major Agglomerations & Cities - Population Statistics in Maps and Charts". citypopulation.de.
  4. ↑ "Chittoor District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 497, 518–19. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
  5. ↑ "UA population" (PDF). censusindia. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  6. ↑ "::chittoor::". ap.gov.in.
  7. ↑ Topography/ Boundaries - CHITTOOR DISTRICT'S OFFICIAL WEBSITE | ANDHRA PRADESH | INDIA - చిత్తూరు జిల్లా అధికారిక వెబ్సైట్ - ChittoorDistrictWebsite
  8. ↑ "CLIMATE: CHITTOOR". Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  9. ↑ "WELCOME TO CENSUS OF INDIA : Census India Library". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  10. ↑ http://www.censusindia.gov.in/towns/ap_towns.pdf
  11. ↑ Sex Ratio of Andhra Pradesh is 992 per 1000 as per Census 2011 | Census 2011 Indian Population. Census2011.co.in (2011-04-27). Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
  12. ↑ Chittor Municipality. Chittoor.ap.gov.in. Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
  13. ↑ "Chittoor Municipal Corporation at a glance". Chittoor Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  14. ↑ Commerce/ Industries - CHITTOOR DISTRICT'S OFFICIAL WEBSITE | ANDHRA PRADESH | INDIA - చిత్తూరు జిల్లా అధికారిక వెబ్సైట్ - ChittoorDistrictWebsite
  15. ↑ "Bus Stations in Districts". Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  16. ↑ "Dr. C. R. Reddy". 1973. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  17. ↑ Nara Chandrababu Naidu
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