Laudium
| Laudium | |
|---|---|
  Laudium
| |
| Coordinates: 25°47′17″S 28°06′24″E / 25.78806°S 28.10667°ECoordinates: 25°47′17″S 28°06′24″E / 25.78806°S 28.10667°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Gauteng |
| Municipality | City of Tshwane |
| Established | 1961 |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 6.07 km2 (2.34 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,445 m (4,741 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 19,102 |
| • Density | 3,100/km2 (8,200/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011)[1] | |
| • Black African | 16.1% |
| • Coloured | 2.4% |
| • Indian/Asian | 79.9% |
| • White | 0.4% |
| • Other | 1.1% |
| First languages (2011)[1] | |
| • English | 77.4% |
| • Afrikaans | 11.9% |
| • Northern Sotho | 2.1% |
| • S. Ndebele | 1.1% |
| • Other | 7.4% |
| Postal code (street) | 0037 |
| PO box | 0037 |
| Area code | 12 |
Laudium is an Indian township southwest of central Pretoria, in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Claudius is a neighboring, largely residential suburb that is effectively an extension of Laudium.
History
The original name for Laudium was Claudius, (originally reserved for White residents), named after Claudius Marais de Vries who owned a farm called Mooiplats and was a former mayor of Pretoria.
Laudium was created by the Apartheid government as part of their policy aimed at moving ethnic groups out of Marabastad and central Pretoria, which were zoned as 'White Areas' following the passage if the Group Areas Act. Laudium was proclaimed an Indian township in 1961. As for its former inhabitants, older aerial photographs still show remains of circular type dwellings to the west of Laudium.
The eastern portion of the original Claudius retained its name and white population for a time, but the white population of Claudius has long since been displaced by Indians (it was eventually also declared an Indian area by the Apartheid government, to reduce housing shortages in Laudium), and Claudius had effectively become an extension of Laudium by 1980.
Claudius straddles the R55 (Quagga Road), and parts of Second Avenue, Third Avenue, and Cuprene Street technically are part of Claudius, along with Sunrise School , however this smaller part of Cladius, west of the R55 is often regarded as part of Laudium, with the R55 being commonly thought of as the dividing line.
Extensions 2 and 3 are hilly, and lie north of a railway line that linked the PPC dolomite quarry near Erasmia with Iscor's Pretoria Works. The railway line was abandoned by the mid-2000s, however the railway right-of-way is still clearly visible, and it limits the road linkages between the upper and lower parts of Laudium to a bridge connecting Bengal Street to First Avenue, and a link between 19th Avenue and 33rd Avenue that was constructed in the early 1990s.
In 2012, Claudius east of the R55 had a wall and security gate system (road closure) installed, which residents have free access to as every resident paid a small portion of the cost of building the wall however, visitors have to fill out an entry/visitors book before entering, making it a gated community.
During 1981, an Umkhonto weSizwe rocket attack on the Voortrekkerhoogte (now Thaba Tshwane) military base was launched from Laudium.[2] The homes of local politicians who supported Apartheid were also bombed in the 1980s.
Although Laudium was initially part of Pretoria, it was incorporated into Centurion following the end of apartheid. Centurion, including Laudium, was incorporated into the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in 2000.
Dolomitic sinkholes occasionally cause significant damage to property and streets in Laudium.
Demographics
Laudium has roughly equal numbers of Hindu and Muslim residents, with a large number of mosques and temples, the oldest mosque being the PMT Jumma Masjid in Jewel Street. Many of the Muslim residents are Memons or Surtis. Many of the Hindu and Christian residents are Gujrati or Tamil. There are also many recent South Asian (Indian and Pakistani) residents, who immigrated to South Africa after the end of Apartheid.
Laudium is a relatively wealthy area (which is unusual for a township), with very large mansions visible from the R55 road .
An economically deprived[3] area of Laudium (described in an academic paper as a "ghetto"),[4] informally called White Blocks (named after their paint colour), with single and multi-family government-built dwelling units is situated in the western part of Laudium. However, the Indian township of Lotus Gardens was established in the early 1990s, north of Church Street, and many Indian families from White Blocks were relocated there, and some old units were torn down (Lotus Gardens developed into a multiracial suburb). White Blocks continues to exist though the units are no longer exclusively painted white. The Laudium Police Station is in White Blocks, in a converted unit.
Another public housing development, in Extension 2, consisting of council flats, was later sold to residents, and is now called Himalaya Heights and Bangladesh Heights.
After the end of Apartheid, many residents of Laudium moved to the neighbouring (formerly whites-only) suburbs of Erasmia and Christoburg which lie directly south of Laudium, and, eventually, a link road was constructed, and later tarred, allowing for direct travel between the suburbs (previously, the only way to travel between Laudium and Erasmia was a circuitious route via the R55), and by the time of the 2001 Census, Indians made up almost 66% of the population of Erasmia and Christoburg, having largely displaced their white residents[5] in the preceding ten years. Significant numbers of more affluent Indian residents began relocating out of Laudium, to newly established nearby security estates in western Centurion in the late 2000s. Indians who reside in these areas often maintain religious, commercial and educational ties to Laudium itself.
The black township of Atteridgeville lies directly north of Laudium, although the two areas are separated by a series of hills, and no direct tarred road link exists between the two.
Laudium has 3 extensions which were completed in 1976, 1978 and 1983, respectively. Extension 1 consists of the western part of White Blocks, Extension 2 lies on the eastern portion of the hills north of the original suburb, and Extension 3 is west of Extension 2. The municipal Geographic Information System also lists and Extension 4, which is west of the suburb, and consists of non-residential land, including the Laudium Cemetery, the Laudium Stadium and Tshwane Muslim School.
A squatter camp, established post-apartheid, called Itireleng lies to the west of Laudium.
Education
Laudium has a large number of government schools. However, since the end of Apartheid, most Indian children from Laudium have begun attending newly established private religious schools, or schools in formerly white areas ("ex-model C schools" and private schools). While the government schools continue to be staffed mostly by Indian teachers, most of the pupils in these schools are black and commute daily from black townships.
Public Schools
- Andrew Anthony Primary School
- Hillside Primary School
- Himalaya Secondary School
- Jacaranda Primary School
- Laudium Heights Primary School
- Laudium Primary School
- Laudium Secondary School
- Rosina Sedibane Sports School
- Sunrise School
Private Schools
- PMT Sunni School
- Central Islamic School
- Pretoria Hindu School
- Pretoria Muslim School
- Al Ghazali College (in Erasmia)
- Al-Asr Educational Institute (in Claudius)
There is also an Islamic educational institute which specialises in teaching Islamic Sciences called the Sunni Darul Uloom Pretoria
The Transvaal College of Education, which trained Indian teachers in the former Transvaal province was moved to a large campus in Laudium. However, after the end of apartheid, the college was deemed redundant and closed down (Indian teachers were no longer barred from colleges formerly used by white teachers). The college campus is now used by the Rosina Sedibane Sports School.
Healthcare
The Laudium Hospital, a state hospital created under apartheid for Indians from Laudium and surrounding areas, closed down, and is now the Laudium Community Health Centre.
Laudium has a number of private medical practitioners and pharmacies.
Transport
Roads
Laudium lies west of the R55 road, which links Laudium to central Pretoria as well as Centurion. A dual carriageway links Laudium with central Pretoria, while the deteriorated single-carriageway link to Centurion was upgraded to a dual carriageway by 2013. Freeway access is served by the N14, which is accessed via the R55 a few kilometers south. The N14 westbound from the R55 connects Laudium and surrounding areas to the West Rand, and the eastbound lanes are used to access the N1 to Johannesburg, via the Brakfontein interchange in Centurion.
Road links to the economically and academically important eastern suburbs of Pretoria are poor, usually requiring drivers to traverse the city centre or rat run across the Thaba Tshwane military base.
Although not a strict street grid, Laudium's street names follow a pattern, with north-south streets being numbered "Avenues" (with a few exceptions in Extension 3 where some avenues are named after cities in South Asia), while east-west streets are named, often after minerals and gemstones, colours (Extension 1, white blocks) or South Asian geographical features (Extensions 2 and 3).
Public transport
Public transport links are limited, and, although limited municipal bus services were introduced following the end of apartheid, minibus taxis remain the primary mode of public transport. Bus services to Johannesburg were available during the apartheid era (The Laudium Bus Service), but are no longer available.Tuk Tuks are also available at relatively low prices.
Media
Laudium is served by the free, weekly Laudium Sun tabloid, and also has a previously Muslim-oriented radio which is now a community radio station called Radio 1584 International, which was off air for about 5 years, it was relaunched in May 2013, running on 1584 AM/MW[www.radio1584.co.za].
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Main Place Laudium". Census 2011.
- ↑ "STATEMENT ON HEARING OF 10 MEMBERS OF UMKHONTO weSIZWE". Truth and Reconciliation Commission. 1998-04-29. Archived from the original on 16 February 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
- ↑ http://regenesys.co.za/18570/cas-coovadio
- ↑ http://www.ajol.info/index.php/asr/article/viewFile/23261/19941
- ↑ http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/77603025
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