Coloma, California

Coloma, California
census-designated place

Coloma, 2008
Coloma, California

Position in California.

Coordinates: 38°48′09″N 120°53′41″W / 38.80250°N 120.89472°W / 38.80250; -120.89472
Country  United States
State  California
County El Dorado
Area[1]
 • Total 3.355 sq mi (8.690 km2)
 • Land 3.355 sq mi (8.690 km2)
 • Water 0 sq mi (0 km2)  0%
Elevation[2] 764 ft (233 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 529
 • Density 160/sq mi (61/km2)
Time zone Pacific (PST) (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) PDT (UTC-7)
GNIS feature ID 1655915; 2582981

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Coloma, California; U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Coloma, California

Coloma
Sutter's Mill 1850
Nearest city Placerville, California[3]
Area approx. 250 acres (100 ha)
Built 1848
NRHP Reference # 66000207[4]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP October 15, 1966[4]
Designated NHLD July 4, 1961[5]

Coloma (formerly, Colluma and Culloma)[6] is a census-designated place[7] in El Dorado County, California, USA. It is approximately 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Sacramento, California. Coloma is most noted for being the site where James W. Marshall found gold in the Sierra Nevada, at Sutter's Mill on January 24, 1848,[3] leading to the California Gold Rush. Coloma's population is 529.

Today it is a tourist attraction known for its ghost town and the centerpiece of the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park. Coloma was designated a National Historic Landmark District on July 4, 1961.[3][5]

It lies at an elevation of 764 feet (233 m).[2]

History

Coloma grew around Sutter's Mill following the finding of gold.[6] A post office was established in 1849 under the name Culloma, changing to Coloma in 1851.[6]

One of Coloma's earliest settlers was Silas Sanderson (1824–1886), who went on to become the 7th Chief Justice of California.[8]

Ghost Town

Robert Bell's store in Coloma

While some people still live in the area, Coloma is considered something of a ghost town because civic buildings such as the jail have been abandoned and left to decay, and other buildings from its boom era (1847-1852) have been converted into museums and other historical displays. The tailrace of Sutter's Mill remains, along with a nearby reconstruction.[9]

In reality the meaningfulness of the township of Coloma has dissipated as residents who live in the wider Coloma Valley area generally share a community spirit.[10]

The town currently has approximately 300 inhabitants. The local economy is predominately agriculture[11] and tourism. Of particular note is the rafting industry as the South Fork American River is one of the most popular white water trips in North America.[12]

The name comes from the original natives' (Nisenan Native Americans) name for the valley Coloma is in: Cullumah, meaning "beautiful." Coloma is on the South Fork American River that runs through the valley and was built on the original Native American village of Koloma.[13]

Demographics

Post Office
James Marshall cabin in Coloma

The 2010 United States Census[14] reported that Coloma had a population of 529. The population density was 157.7 people per square mile (60.9/km²). The racial makeup of Coloma was 462 (87.3%) White, 4 (0.8%) African American, 3 (0.6%) Native American, 8 (1.5%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 15 (2.8%) from other races, and 37 (7.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 63 persons (11.9%).

The Census reported that 429 people (93.6% of the population) lived in households, 34 (6.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

Rich Gold ore, Stuckslacker Mine, Coloma

There were 216 households, out of which 44 (20.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 116 (53.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 14 (6.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 10 (4.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 22 (10.2%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 2 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 51 households (23.6%) were made up of individuals and 20 (9.3%) had someone living alone. The average household size was 2.29. There were 140 families (64.8% of all households); the average family size was 2.64.

The population was spread out with 69 people (13.0%) under the age of 18, 31 people (5.9%) aged 18 to 24, 127 people (24.0%) aged 25 to 44, 200 people (37.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 102 people (19.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49.0 years. For every 100 females there were 115.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 120.1 males.

There were 251 housing units at an average density of 74.8 per square mile (28.9/km²), of which 153 (70.8%) were owner-occupied and 63 (29.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.5%. 355 people (67.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units, and 140 people (26.5%) lived in rental housing units.

Politics

In the state legislature, Coloma is in the 1st Senate District, represented by Republican Ted Gaines,[15] and the 5th Assembly District, represented by Republican Frank Bigelow.[16]

Federally, Coloma is in California's 1st congressional district, represented by Republican Doug LaMalfa.[17]

Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Coloma has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps.[18]

References

  1. ↑ "2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files – Places – California". United States Census Bureau.
  2. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Coloma, California
  3. 1 2 3 Allen W. Welts (February 1970). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park / Coloma" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2009-06-22. and Accompanying one image, from 1850s PDF (213 KB)
  4. 1 2 Staff (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  5. 1 2 "Coloma". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
  6. 1 2 3 Durham, David L. (1998). California's Geographic Names: A Gazetteer of Historic and Modern Names of the State. Clovis, Calif.: Word Dancer Press. p. 468. ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
  7. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Coloma, California
  8. ↑ The State Register and Year Book of Facts: 1859. Henry G. Langley and Samuel A Morison. 1859.
  9. ↑ "Marshall Gold Discovery SHP". California Depart of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
  10. ↑ "Coloma-Lotus News".
  11. ↑ "After the Gold Rush: Agriculture".
  12. ↑ "NO on El Dorado County Measure W - Coloma-Lotus Association of Merchants Opposes".
  13. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Koloma
  14. ↑ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Coloma CDP". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  15. ↑ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
  16. ↑ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
  17. ↑ "California's 1st Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  18. ↑ "Coloma, California Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.

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