Coping saw

A coping saw.

A coping saw is a type of hand saw used to cut intricate external shapes and interior cutouts in woodworking or carpentry. It is widely used to cut moldings to create coped rather than miter joints. It is occasionally used to create fretwork though it is not able to match a fretsaw in intricacy of cut, particularly in thin materials. Coping saw blades are always thicker and much coarser cutting than typical fretsaw blades and many others of its family members.

History

Detail of engraving from book Des principes de l'architecture, de la sculpture, de la peinture, et des autres arts qui en dépendent (1676) showing probably oldest depiction of coping saw.

The coping saw was most likely invented in middle of the 16th century following innovations in metallurgy and with the invention of the spring-driven clock. Blades made of this material were strong and flexible thanks to rolling.[1][2] This saw was also used in combination with so called Chevalet du Marqueterie, invented in 1780, allowing to saw pack of veneers with one angle of cut.[3]

Construction

Engraving by André-Jacob Roubo from encyclopaedia L'Art du Menuisier (1769) showing construction of fretsaw and its usage.

A coping saw consists of a thin, hardened steel blade, stretched between the ends of a square, c-shaped, springy-iron frame to which a handle is attached. The blade is easily removed from the frame so that the blade can be passed through a drilled hole in the middle of a piece of wood. The frame is then re-attached to the blade and the cut starts from the middle of the piece. Long cuts perpendicular to the edge of the material are possible but the shallow depth of the frame rather limits how far from the edge one may cut. The much deeper frame of the fretsaw is more useful for cutting well away from the edge but conversely cannot manage the thicker materials commonly cut by the coping saws.

Usage

The coping saw blade is installed with the teeth pointing towards the handle.[4] Unlike a hacksaw, which has the teeth pointed away from the handle, the coping saw cuts on the pull stroke. The coping saw blade is removable by partially unscrewing the handle. The blade is prevented from rotating by means of the short, steady bar provided where the blade is attached. Loosening the handle also allows the blade to be rotated relative to the frame as desired. Carefully aligning the finger steady bars at the top and bottom of the blade ensures that the thin blade is straight and not twisted along its length. Retightening the handle tensions the blade and locks it at the desired angle relative to the frame. The short steady bar nearest the handle is held securely between finger and thumb while the handle is tightened to ensure the blade remains at the desired angle. Unlike the fretsaw the coping saw blade has holding pins which lock securely into the angled slots of the rotatable blade holders.

The direction of the cut is quite easy to change because of the thinness of the blade. Gentle curves are achieved by slowly turning the whole frame by means of the handle while continuing to cut steadily. When necessary, the blade can also be rotated with respect to the frame to make sharper curves in the material being cut. Blade breakage is much rarer than with a fretsaw.

A coping saw (with the correct blade) can also be used to cut through aluminium tubing and other metal objects, though a hacksaw is much more efficient for this task. The thin blade tends to make wavy cuts in thick materials unless skill is achieved through much practice on a wide variety of materials of varying thicknesses. The stroke length before the frame strikes the material above or below is the limiting factor in the maximum thickness of material. The work becomes progressively more difficult and tiring with increasing thickness of material.

References

  1. ↑ "fretsaw | tool". Encyklopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  2. ↑ Schwarz, Chris. "A History of Coping Saws in Five Paragraphs". Lost Art Press. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  3. ↑ "A Return to Tradition: the Marquetry Chevalet". Lee Valley and veritas. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
  4. ↑ Ryan, V. "The Coping Saw". TechnologyStudent.com. Retrieved 10 January 2015. Care must be taken when fitting the blade so that the teeth point towards the handle. If the blade is fitted the opposite way the coping saw will be very difficult, if not impossible, to use.

See also

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