Cyrillization of Chinese

The Cyrillization of Chinese is effected using the Palladius system for transcribing Chinese characters into the Cyrillic alphabet. It was created by Pyotr Ivanovich Kafarov (Пётр Ива́нович Кафа́ров), a Russian sinologist and monk who spent thirty years in China and was also known by his monastic name Palladius (Палладий). It is the Russian official standard for transcribing Chinese into Russian.

System

Initials

BilabialLabiodental AlveolarRetroflex Alveolo-palatalVelar
VoicelessVoicedVoicelessVoiceless VoicedVoicelessVoicedVoiceless Voiceless
Nasal м [m]
m ㄇ m
н [n]
n ㄋ n
PlosiveUnaspirated б [p]
p ㄅ b
д [t]
t ㄉ d
г [k]
k ㄍ g
Aspirated п [pʰ]
p' ㄆ p
т [tʰ]
t' ㄊ t
к [kʰ]
k' ㄎ k
AffricateUnaspirated цз [ts]
ts ㄗ z
чж [ʈʂ]
ch ㄓ zh
цз [tɕ]
ch ㄐ j
Aspirated ц [tsʰ]
ts' ㄘ c
ч [ʈʂʰ]
ch' ㄔ ch
ц [tɕʰ]
ch' ㄑ q
Fricative ф [f]
f ㄈ f
с [s]
s ㄙ s
ш [ʂ]
sh ㄕ sh
ж [ʐ]
j ㄖ r
с [ɕ]
hs ㄒ x
х [x]
h ㄏ h
Lateral л [l]
l ㄌ l

Finals

Nucleus aə
Coda iunŋ iunŋɻ nŋ
Medial a [a]
ㄚ a
ай [æi̯]
ai ㄞ ai
ao [ɑu̯]
ao ㄠ ao
ань [æn]
an ㄢ an
ан [ɑŋ]
ang ㄤ ang
э [ɤ]
ê/o ㄜ e
эй [ei̯]
ei ㄟ ei
оу [ou̯]
ou ㄡ ou
энь [ən]
ên ㄣ en
эн [əŋ]
êng ㄥ eng
эр [ɐɚ̯]
êrh ㄦ er
и/ы [ɻ̩/ɹ̩]
ih/û -i
i я [i̯a]
ia ㄧㄚ ia
яо [i̯ɑu̯]
iao ㄧㄠ iao
янь [i̯ɛn]
ien ㄧㄢ ian
ян [i̯ɑŋ]
iang ㄧㄤ iang
е [i̯e]
ieh ㄧㄝ ie
ю [i̯ou̯]
iu ㄧㄡ iu
ин [i̯əŋ]
ing ㄧㄥ ing
и [i]
i ㄧ i
инь [in]
in ㄧㄣ in
u уа [u̯a]
ua ㄨㄚ ua
уай [u̯æi̯]
uai ㄨㄞ uai
уaнь [u̯æn]
uan ㄨㄢ uan
уaн [u̯ɑŋ]
uang ㄨㄤ uang
о [u̯o]
o/uo ㄨㄛ uo
уй [u̯ei̯]
ui ㄨㄟ ui
унь [u̯ən]
un ㄨㄣ un
ун [u̯əŋ]
wêng ㄨㄥ weng
у [u]
u ㄨ u
ун [ʊŋ]
ung ㄨㄥ ong
y юaнь [y̯ɛn]
üan ㄩㄢ üan
юэ [y̯e]
üeh ㄩㄝ üe
юй [y]
ü ㄩ ü
юнь [yn]
ün ㄩㄣ ün
юн [i̯ʊŋ]
iung ㄩㄥ iong

Comparison chart

This table establishes correspondence between the Palladius system together with the two Romanization systems most commonly used in English-speaking countries: Pinyin and Wade–Giles.

Б / B П / P М / M Ф / F
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
баbapaㄅㄚпаpap'aㄆㄚмаmamaㄇㄚфаfafaㄈㄚ
байbaipaiㄅㄞпайpaip'aiㄆㄞмайmaimaiㄇㄞ
банbangpangㄅㄤпанpangp'angㄆㄤманmangmangㄇㄤфанfangfangㄈㄤ
баньbanpanㄅㄢпаньpanp'anㄆㄢманьmanmanㄇㄢфаньfanfanㄈㄢ
баоbaopaoㄅㄠпаоpaop'aoㄆㄠмаоmaomaoㄇㄠ
беbiepiehㄅㄧㄝпеpiep'iehㄆㄧㄝмеmiemiehㄇㄧㄝ
биbipiㄅㄧпиpip'iㄆㄧмиmimiㄇㄧ
бинbingpingㄅㄧㄥпинpingp'ingㄆㄧㄥминmingmingㄇㄧㄥ
биньbinpinㄅㄧㄣпиньpinp'inㄆㄧㄣминьminminㄇㄧㄣ
боbopoㄅㄛпоpop'oㄆㄛмоmomoㄇㄛфоfofoㄈㄛ
поуpoup'ouㄆㄡмоуmoumouㄇㄡфоуfoufouㄈㄡ
буbupuㄅㄨпуpup'uㄆㄨмуmumuㄇㄨфуfufuㄈㄨ
мэmemeㄇㄜ
бэйbeipeiㄅㄟпэйpeip'eiㄆㄟмэйmeimeiㄇㄟфэйfeifeiㄈㄟ
бэнbengpengㄅㄥпэнpengp'engㄆㄥмэнmengmengㄇㄥфэнfengfengㄈㄥ
бэньbenpenㄅㄣпэньpenp'enㄆㄣмэньmenmenㄇㄣфэньfenfenㄈㄣ
мюmiumiuㄇㄧㄡ
бяньbianpienㄅㄧㄢпяньpianp'ienㄆㄧㄢмяньmianmienㄇㄧㄢ
бяоbiaopiaoㄅㄧㄠпяоpiaop'iaoㄆㄧㄠмяоmiaomiaoㄇㄧㄠ
Д / D Т / T Н / N Л / L
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
даdataㄉㄚтаtat'aㄊㄚнаnanaㄋㄚлаlalaㄌㄚ
дайdaitaiㄉㄞтайtait'aiㄊㄞнайnainaiㄋㄞлайlailaiㄌㄞ
данdangtangㄉㄤтанtangt'angㄊㄤнанnangnangㄋㄤланlanglangㄌㄤ
даньdantanㄉㄢтаньtant'anㄊㄢнаньnannanㄋㄢланьlanlanㄌㄢ
даоdaotaoㄉㄠтаоtaot'aoㄊㄠнаоnaonaoㄋㄠлаоlaolaoㄌㄠ
деdietiehㄉㄧㄝтеtiet'iehㄊㄧㄝнеnieniehㄋㄧㄝлеlieliehㄌㄧㄝ
диditiㄉㄧтиtit'iㄊㄧниniniㄋㄧлиliliㄌㄧ
динdingtingㄉㄧㄥтинtingt'ingㄊㄧㄥнинningningㄋㄧㄥлинlinglingㄌㄧㄥ
ниньninninㄋㄧㄣлиньlinlinㄌㄧㄣ
доduotoㄉㄨㄛтоtuot'oㄊㄨㄛноnuonoㄋㄨㄛлоluoloㄌㄨㄛ
доуdoutouㄉㄡтоуtout'ouㄊㄡноуnounouㄋㄡлоуloulouㄌㄡ
дуdutuㄉㄨтуtut'uㄊㄨнуnunuㄋㄨлуluluㄌㄨ
дуаньduantuanㄉㄨㄢтуаньtuant'uanㄊㄨㄢнуаньnuannuanㄋㄨㄢлуаньluanluanㄌㄨㄢ
дуйduituiㄉㄨㄟтуйtuit'uiㄊㄨㄟ
дунdongtungㄉㄨㄥтунtongt'ungㄊㄨㄥнунnongnungㄋㄨㄥлунlonglungㄌㄨㄥ
дуньduntunㄉㄨㄣтуньtunt'unㄊㄨㄣ луньlunlunㄌㄨㄣ
дэdeㄉㄜтэtet'êㄊㄜнэneㄋㄜлэleㄌㄜ
дэйdeiteiㄉㄟтэйteit'eiㄊㄟнэйneineiㄋㄟлэйleileiㄌㄟ
дэнdengtengㄉㄥтэнtengt'engㄊㄥнэнnengnengㄋㄥлэнlenglengㄌㄥ
дэньdentenㄉㄣ нэньnennenㄋㄣ
дюdiutiuㄉㄧㄡ нюniuniuㄋㄧㄡлюliuliuㄌㄧㄡ
нюйㄋㄩлюйㄌㄩ
нюэnüenüehㄋㄩㄝлюэlüelüehㄌㄩㄝ
дяdiatiaㄉㄧㄚ ляlialiaㄌㄧㄚ
нянniangniangㄋㄧㄤлянliangliangㄌㄧㄤ
дяньdiantienㄉㄧㄢтяньtiant'ienㄊㄧㄢняньniannienㄋㄧㄢляньlianlienㄌㄧㄢ
дяоdiaotiaoㄉㄧㄠтяоtiaot'iaoㄊㄧㄠняоniaoniaoㄋㄧㄠляоliaoliaoㄌㄧㄠ
Г / G К / K Х / H
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
гаgakaㄍㄚкаkak'aㄎㄚхаhahaㄏㄚ
гайgaikaiㄍㄞкайkaik'aiㄎㄞхайhaihaiㄏㄞ
ганgangkangㄍㄤканkangk'angㄎㄤханhanghangㄏㄤ
ганьgankanㄍㄢканьkank'anㄎㄢханьhanhanㄏㄢ
гаоgaokaoㄍㄠкаоkaok'aoㄎㄠхаоhaohaoㄏㄠ
гоguokuoㄍㄨㄛкоkuok'uoㄎㄨㄛхоhuohuoㄏㄨㄛ
гоуgoukouㄍㄡкоуkouk'ouㄎㄡхоуhouhouㄏㄡ
гуgukuㄍㄨкуkuk'uㄎㄨхуhuhuㄏㄨ
гуаguakuaㄍㄨㄚкуаkuak'uaㄎㄨㄚхуаhuahuaㄏㄨㄚ
гуайguaikuaiㄍㄨㄞкуайkuaik'uaiㄎㄨㄞхуайhuaihuaiㄏㄨㄞ
гуанguangkuangㄍㄨㄤкуанkuangk'uangㄎㄨㄤхуанhuanghuangㄏㄨㄤ
гуаньguankuanㄍㄨㄢкуаньkuank'uanㄎㄨㄢхуаньhuanhuanㄏㄨㄢ
гуйguikuiㄍㄨㄟкуйkuik'uiㄎㄨㄟхуэйhuihuiㄏㄨㄟ
гунgongkungㄍㄨㄥкунkongk'ungㄎㄨㄥхунhonghungㄏㄨㄥ
гуньgunkunㄍㄨㄣкуньkunk'unㄎㄨㄣхуньhunhunㄏㄨㄣ
гэgekoㄍㄜкэkek'oㄎㄜхэhehoㄏㄜ
гэйgeikeiㄍㄟ хэйheiheiㄏㄟ
гэнgengkengㄍㄥкэнkengk'engㄎㄥхэнhenghengㄏㄥ
гэньgenkenㄍㄣкэньkenk'enㄎㄣхэньhenhenㄏㄣ
ЦЗ / J Ц / Q С / X
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
цзеjiechiehㄐㄧㄝцеqiech'iehㄑㄧㄝсеxiehsiehㄒㄧㄝ
цзиjichiㄐㄧциqich'iㄑㄧсиxihsiㄒㄧ
цзинjingchingㄐㄧㄥцинqingch'ingㄑㄧㄥсинxinghsingㄒㄧㄥ
цзиньjinchinㄐㄧㄣциньqinch'inㄑㄧㄣсиньxinhsinㄒㄧㄣ
цзюjiuchiuㄐㄧㄡцюqiuch'iuㄑㄧㄡсюxiuhsiuㄒㄧㄡ
цзюаньjuanchüanㄐㄩㄢцюаньquanch'üanㄑㄩㄢсюаньxuanhsüanㄒㄩㄢ
цзюйjuchüㄐㄩцюйquch'üㄑㄩсюйxuhsüㄒㄩ
цзюнjiongchiungㄐㄩㄥцюнqiongch'iungㄑㄩㄥсюнxionghsiungㄒㄩㄥ
цзюньjunchünㄐㄩㄣцюньqunch'ünㄑㄩㄣсюньxunhsünㄒㄩㄣ
цзюэjuechüehㄐㄩㄝцюэquech'üehㄑㄩㄝсюэxuehsüehㄒㄩㄝ
цзяjiachiaㄐㄧㄚцяqiach'iaㄑㄧㄚсяxiahsiaㄒㄧㄚ
цзянjiangchiangㄐㄧㄤцянqiangch'iangㄑㄧㄤсянxianghsiangㄒㄧㄤ
цзяньjianchienㄐㄧㄢцяньqianch'ienㄑㄧㄢсяньxianhsienㄒㄧㄢ
цзяоjiaochiaoㄐㄧㄠцяоqiaoch'iaoㄑㄧㄠсяоxiaohsiaoㄒㄧㄠ
ЧЖ / ZH Ч / CH Ш / SH Ж / R
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
чжаzhachaㄓㄚчаchach'aㄔㄚшаshashaㄕㄚ
чжайzhaichaiㄓㄞчайchaich'aiㄔㄞшайshaishaiㄕㄞ
чжанzhangchangㄓㄤчанchangch'angㄔㄤшанshangshangㄕㄤжанrangjangㄖㄤ
чжаньzhanchanㄓㄢчаньchanch'anㄔㄢшаньshanshanㄕㄢжаньranjanㄖㄢ
чжаоzhaochaoㄓㄠчаоchaoch'aoㄔㄠшаоshaoshaoㄕㄠжаоraojaoㄖㄠ
чжиzhichihчиchich'ihшиshishihжиrijih
чжоzhuochoㄓㄨㄛчоchuoch'oㄔㄨㄛшоshuoshuoㄕㄨㄛжоruojoㄖㄨㄛ
чжоуzhouchouㄓㄡчоуchouch'ouㄔㄡшоуshoushouㄕㄡжоуroujouㄖㄡ
чжуzhuchuㄓㄨчуchuch'uㄔㄨшуshushuㄕㄨжуrujuㄖㄨ
чжуаzhuachuaㄓㄨㄚчуаchuach'uaㄔㄨㄚшуаshuashuaㄕㄨㄚжуаruajuaㄖㄨㄚ
чжуайzhuaichuaiㄓㄨㄞчуайchuaich'uaiㄔㄨㄞшуайshuaishuaiㄕㄨㄞ
чжуанzhuangchuangㄓㄨㄤчуанchuangch'uangㄔㄨㄤшуанshuangshuangㄕㄨㄤ
чжуаньzhuanchuanㄓㄨㄢчуаньchuanch'uanㄔㄨㄢшуаньshuanshuanㄕㄨㄢжуаньruanjuanㄖㄨㄢ
чжуйzhuichuiㄓㄨㄟчуйchuich'uiㄔㄨㄟшуйshuishuiㄕㄨㄟжуйruijuiㄖㄨㄟ
чжунzhongchungㄓㄨㄥчунchongch'ungㄔㄨㄥ жунrongjungㄖㄨㄥ
чжуньzhunchunㄓㄨㄣчуньchunch'unㄔㄨㄣшуньshunshunㄕㄨㄣжуньrunjunㄖㄨㄣ
чжэzhechêㄓㄜчэchech'êㄔㄜшэsheshêㄕㄜжэreㄖㄜ
чжэйzheicheiㄓㄟ шэйsheisheiㄕㄟ
чжэнzhengchengㄓㄥчэнchengch'engㄔㄥшэнshengshengㄕㄥжэнrengjengㄖㄥ
чжэньzhenchenㄓㄣчэньchench'enㄔㄣшэньshenshenㄕㄣжэньrenjenㄖㄣ
ЦЗ / Z Ц / C С / S
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
цзаzatsaㄗㄚцаcats'aㄘㄚсаsasaㄙㄚ
цзайzaitsaiㄗㄞцайcaits'aiㄘㄞсайsaisaiㄙㄞ
цзанzangtsangㄗㄤцанcangts'angㄘㄤсанsangsangㄙㄤ
цзаньzantsanㄗㄢцаньcants'anㄘㄢсаньsansanㄙㄢ
цзаоzaotsaoㄗㄠцаоcaots'aoㄘㄠсаоsaosaoㄙㄠ
цзоzuotsoㄗㄨㄛцоcuots'oㄘㄨㄛсоsuosoㄙㄨㄛ
цзоуzoutsouㄗㄡцоуcouts'ouㄘㄡсоуsousouㄙㄡ
цзуzutsuㄗㄨцуcuts'uㄘㄨсуsusuㄙㄨ
цзуаньzuantsuanㄗㄨㄢцуаньcuants'uanㄘㄨㄢсуаньsuansuanㄙㄨㄢ
цзуйzuitsuiㄗㄨㄟцуйcuits'uiㄘㄨㄟсуйsuisuiㄙㄨㄟ
цзунzongtsungㄗㄨㄥцунcongts'ungㄘㄨㄥсунsongsungㄙㄨㄥ
цзуньzuntsunㄗㄨㄣцуньcunts'unㄘㄨㄣсуньsunsunㄙㄨㄣ
цзыzitzuцыcitz'uсыsissu
цзэzetsêㄗㄜцэcets'êㄘㄜсэseㄙㄜ
цзэйzeitseiㄗㄟ
цзэнzengtsengㄗㄥцэнcengts'engㄘㄥсэнsengsengㄙㄥ
цзэньzentsenㄗㄣцэньcents'enㄘㄣсэньsensenㄙㄣ
Others
CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS CyrillicPinyinWGMPS
аaaвоwowoㄨㄛоooюйyu
айaiaiвэйweiweiㄨㄟоуououюнyongyungㄩㄥ
анangangвэнwengwengㄨㄥуwuwuюньyunyünㄩㄣ
аньananвэньwenwenㄨㄣэeêюэyueyüehㄩㄝ
аоaoaoеyeyehㄧㄝэйeieiяyayaㄧㄚ
ваwawaㄨㄚёyoyoㄧㄛэньenenяйyaiyaiㄧㄞ
вайwaiwaiㄨㄞиyiiэрerêrhянyangyangㄧㄤ
ванwangwangㄨㄤинyingingㄧㄥюyouyuㄧㄡяньyanyenㄧㄢ
ваньwanwanㄨㄢиньyininㄧㄣюаньyuanyüanㄩㄢяоyaoyaoㄧㄠ

Exceptions

The names of the cities of Beijing and Nanjing are transcribed as Пеки́н (instead of Бэйцзин) and Нанки́н (instead of Наньцзин), much as Peking and Nanking were still used in English speaking countries until recently. Hong Kong (pinyin: Xianggang) may be both Сянга́н (Xianggang) and Гонко́нг (Hong Kong); the latter is more common.

Syllable hui is transcribed not as хуй but as хуэй (Huizu, Хуэйцзу) or, less often, as хой (Anhui, Аньхой) for aesthetic reasons, since хуй (chuj) is a taboo word for "penis" (a lot more inappropriate than "cock" in usage) in Russian and several other Slavic languages.

Older documents contain variants мэн — мын, мэнь — мынь, фэн — фын, фэнь — фынь, пэн — пын, hence Aomen (Macao) is traditionally spelled Аомынь in Russian. Most modern texts contain э, with some exceptions.

See also

External links

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