Dalton, Massachusetts

Dalton, Massachusetts
Town
Entering Dalton
Seal
Motto: "Heaven in the heart of the Berkshires"[1]
Location in Berkshire County and the state of Massachusetts.
Coordinates: 42°28′25″N 73°10′00″W / 42.47361°N 73.16667°WCoordinates: 42°28′25″N 73°10′00″W / 42.47361°N 73.16667°W
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
County	Berkshire
Settled	1755
Incorporated	1784
Government
• Type	Open town meeting
Area
• Total	21.9 sq mi (56.7 km^2)
• Land	21.8 sq mi (56.4 km^2)
• Water	0.1 sq mi (0.3 km^2)
Elevation	1,199 ft (365 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	6,756
• Density	310/sq mi (119.8/km^2)
• Demonym	Daltonian
Time zone	Eastern (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)	Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code	01226
Area code(s)	413
FIPS code	25-16180
GNIS feature ID	0619418
Website	www.dalton-ma.gov

Dalton is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. Dalton is a transition town between the urban and rural portions of Berkshire County. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,756 at the 2010 census.^[2]

History

Dalton was first settled in 1755 and officially incorporated in 1784.^[1] The town was named after Tristram Dalton,^[3] the Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives at the time of the town's incorporation.

Dalton was settled as a rural-industrial community, with mills set up along the East Branch of the Housatonic River and small patches of farmland in other areas. In 1801, Zenas Crane, Henry Wiswall and John Willard set up a paper mill along the river which, by 1844, had begun producing banknote paper, which was purchased by banks all the way to Boston. The company, Crane & Co., still is the largest employer in town, making paper products, stationery, and, since 1873, has been the only supplier of paper for the Federal Reserve Note, the United States' paper money. The town now has a mix of small town and suburban qualities, and was served by trolleys to Pittsfield for many years.^[4]

Notable residents

• Mary Cutler Fairchild, (1855-1921), librarian and library educator^[5]
• Jeff Reardon, 16-year Major League Baseball veteran who spent three seasons (1990-1992) with the Boston Red Sox

Geography

East branch of the Housatonic River
at Main Street and Depot Street

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 21.9 square miles (56.7 km²), of which 21.8 square miles (56.4 km²) is land and 0.12 square miles (0.3 km²), or 0.45%, is water.^[2] Dalton is bordered by Cheshire to the northwest and north, Windsor to the northeast, Hinsdale to the east, Washington to the south, and Pittsfield and Lanesborough to the west. The town center is 5 miles (8 km) northeast of downtown Pittsfield, 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Springfield, and 140 miles (230 km) west of Boston.

Dalton's center of population, due to its milling history, is around the valley of the East Branch of the Housatonic River. Several brooks run into the river, including Wahconah Falls Brook, whose eponymous waterfalls are a small state park. Much of the rest of town is dominated by the Berkshires, with the north being on a plateau between the peaks of North Mountain and Western Mountain, covered by the Dalton Wildlife Management Area. The south is dominated by Tully Mountain, whose peak is just over the Hinsdale line. The Appalachian Trail winds through town, passing between Tully and North Mountains through the downtown area.

Dalton lies at the junction of Massachusetts Route 8, Route 8A and Route 9, with the latter two running concurrently. Route 9 is the major central east-west route through the state, and ends in neighboring Pittsfield. Dalton's nearest interstate is Interstate 90, the Massachusetts Turnpike, whose nearest exit is 15 miles (24 km) south of town. The town, formerly served by trolley service from Pittsfield, is still on a route of the Berkshire Regional Transit Authority's^[6] bus service. The rail line is still active in town, used by CSX Transportation. The nearest regional air service can be found at Pittsfield Municipal Airport, and the nearest national air service can be found at Albany International Airport.

Demographics

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1850	1,020	—
1860	1,243	+21.9%
1870	1,252	+0.7%
1880	2,052	+63.9%
1890	2,885	+40.6%
1900	3,014	+4.5%
1910	3,568	+18.4%
1920	3,752	+5.2%
1930	4,220	+12.5%
1940	4,206	−0.3%
1950	4,772	+13.5%
1960	6,436	+34.9%
1970	7,505	+16.6%
1980	6,797	−9.4%
1990	7,155	+5.3%
2000	6,892	−3.7%
2010	6,756	−2.0%
* = population estimate. Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]

As of the census^[17] of 2000, there were 6,892 people, 2,712 households, and 1,857 families residing in the town. By population, Dalton ranks sixth out of the 32 cities and towns in Berkshire County, and 217th out of the 351 cities and towns in Massachusetts. The population density was 316.0 people per square mile (122.0/km²), which ranks 4th in the county and 210th in the Commonwealth. There were 2,832 housing units at an average density of 129.8 per square mile (50.1/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.78% White, 0.51% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.44% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of the population.

There were 2,712 households out of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 26.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town the population was spread out with 25.8% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,891, and the median income for a family was $59,717. Males had a median income of $41,379 versus $28,885 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,634. About 1.2% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.5% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

The town has churches for several different Christian denominations, including a Congregational church, a Roman Catholic Church, a Methodist Church, an Episcopal church and a Church of the Nazarene.

Government

Dalton Town Hall

Dalton uses the open town meeting form of government, and is led by a board of selectmen and an administrative assistant. Dalton has its own police, fire district, ambulance, and public works departments. The town's public library, located adjacent to the town hall, is a member of the regional library network. The nearest hospital, Berkshire Medical Center, is in neighboring Pittsfield.

On the state level, Dalton is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as part of the Second Berkshire district, represented by Paul Mark, which covers towns in Berkshire County, Hampshire County, and Franklin County. In the Massachusetts Senate, the town is part of the Berkshire, Hampshire and Franklin district, represented by Ben Downing, which includes all of Berkshire County and western Hampshire and Franklin counties.^[18] The town is patrolled by the Fourth (Cheshire) Station of Barracks "B" of the Massachusetts State Police.^[19]

On the national level, Dalton is represented in the United States House of Representatives as part of Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. MA-01 is represented by Richard Neal of Springfield, Massachusetts. Dalton's two members of the United States Senate are Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey.

Education

Dalton is the town with the highest population in the Central Berkshire Regional School District. Craneville Elementary School serves Dalton students from kindergarten through fifth grade. Nessacus Regional Middle School, also in Dalton, serves all middle school students in the district, and Wahconah Regional High School is the district's high school, located in Dalton. The athletic teams are nicknamed the Warriors, and their colors are blue and white.

The town is also home to a parochial school, Saint Agnes Academy, which serves students from pre-kindergarten through eighth grades.^[20] There are other private and parochial schools in neighboring Pittsfield, including a Catholic high school.

The nearest community college, Berkshire Community College, is located in Pittsfield.^[21] The nearest state college is Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts in North Adams,^[22] and the nearest university is the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Dalton gave its name to the Dalton Plan educational concept and the Dalton School (see Helen Parkhurst). {^[23]}

See also

• List of mill towns in Massachusetts

References

1. "Town of Dalton, Massachusetts". Town of Dalton, Massachusetts. Retrieved August 25, 2012.
2. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Alford town, Berkshire County, Massachusetts". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
3. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 99.
4. "Dalton, a historic settlement" from Dalton-MA.gov
5. Leonard Schlup, Stephen H. Paschen (2009). Librarianship in Gilded Age America: An Anthology of Writings, 1868-1901. McFarland. p. 158. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
6. Berkshire Regional Transit Authority
7. "TOTAL POPULATION (P1), 2010 Census Summary File 1". American FactFinder, All County Subdivisions within Massachusetts. United States Census Bureau. 2010.
8. "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision - GCT-T1. Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
9. "1990 Census of Population, General Population Characteristics: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1990. Table 76: General Characteristics of Persons, Households, and Families: 1990. 1990 CP-1-23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
10. "1980 Census of the Population, Number of Inhabitants: Massachusetts" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 1981. Table 4. Populations of County Subdivisions: 1960 to 1980. PC80-1-A23. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
11. "1950 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. 1952. Section 6, Pages 21-10 and 21-11, Massachusetts Table 6. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1930 to 1950. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
12. "1920 Census of Population" (PDF). Bureau of the Census. Number of Inhabitants, by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions. Pages 21-5 through 21-7. Massachusetts Table 2. Population of Counties by Minor Civil Divisions: 1920, 1910, and 1920. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
13. "1890 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. Pages 179 through 182. Massachusetts Table 5. Population of States and Territories by Minor Civil Divisions: 1880 and 1890. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
14. "1870 Census of the Population" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1872. Pages 217 through 220. Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, &c. Massachusetts. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
15. "1860 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1864. Pages 220 through 226. State of Massachusetts Table No. 3. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
16. "1850 Census" (PDF). Department of the Interior, Census Office. 1854. Pages 338 through 393. Populations of Cities, Towns, &c. Retrieved July 12, 2011.
17. "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
18. Senators and Representatives by City and Town
19. Station B-4, SP Cheshire
20. "Saint Agnes Academy". Saint Agnes Academy. Retrieved August 25, 2012.
21. "Berkshire Community College". Berkshire Community College. Retrieved August 25, 2012.
22. "Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts". Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts. Retrieved August 25, 2012.
23. Piet van der Ploeg, "Dalton Plan: Origins and Theory of Dalton Education", 2013.

Further reading

• Couch, F. L., ed. (July 4, 1922). Dalton and the World War: Being the Story of the Service Rendered Their Country by the People of Dalton, Massachusetts in the World War of 1917-1918. Dalton, Mass.: Benjamin F. Sullivan Post, No. 155, American Legion. Retrieved June 13, 2015.

External links

• Official website
• Benjamin F. Sullivan Post, No. 155, American Legion
• Berkshire Chamber of Commerce
• Berkshire Community College
• Central Berkshire Regional School District
• Saint Agnes Academy