December 1945
The following events occurred in December 1945:
- The Arab League voted in Cairo to boycott all goods from Jewish Palestine.[3]
- The U.S. Supreme Court decided International Shoe Co. v. Washington, a landmark ruling that held that a party, particularly a corporation, may be subject to the jurisdiction of a state court if it has "minimum contacts" with that state.
- U.S. General George C. Marshall testified at the Pearl Harbor inquiry that he did not anticipate the attack but that an "alert" defense would have prevented all but "limited harm."[7]
- General MacArthur ordered the arrest of former Japanese Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe and eight others as war criminals.[7]
- The United Nations preparatory commission deadlocked 8-8 on the question of whether the selection of the location of a permanent home for the organization should be made via secret ballot or placed on public record.[8]
- The drama film The Bells of St. Mary's starring Bing Crosby and Ingrid Bergman was released.
- Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita was found guilty of war crimes in a Manila court and sentenced to death.[3]
- The U.S. State Department announced plans to resettle 6.6 million Germans from Eastern Europe in the U.S. and Soviet occupation zones of Germany in the next eight months.[7]
- Born: Clive Russell, actor, in Reeth, England
- General George S. Patton broke his neck in a relatively minor auto accident near Mannheim, Germany that left him paralyzed from the neck down.[9]
- The United States granted Britain a reconstruction loan of about $4.4 billion U.S.[10]
- A bomb-damaged school in Mainz collapsed and killed 18 children.[10]
- Born: Michael Nouri, actor, in Washington, D.C.
- The British House of Commons voted to approve both the British-U.S. loan agreement and the Bretton Woods agreement.[15]
- RCA gave a "live" demonstration of color television from its Princeton labs.[16]
- The romantic comedy film Caesar and Cleopatra starring Claude Rains and Vivien Leigh had its world premiere in London, England.[17]
- Born: Kathy Garver, actress, in Long Beach, California
- Died: Juana Bormann, 52, German SS concentration camp guard (hanged for crimes against humanity); Henri Dentz, 64, French general (died serving a life sentence in prison for collaborating with the Axis); Irma Grese, 22, German SS concentration camp guard (hanged for crimes against humanity); Fritz Klein, 57, German Nazi physician (hanged for crimes against humanity); Josef Kramer, 39, German Commadant of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp (hanged for crimes against humanity); Elisabeth Volkenrath, 26, German concentration camp supervisor (hanged for crimes against humanity)
- The Battle of Ambarawa ended in Indonesian victory.
- Occupation authorities in Japan issued the Shinto Directive, abolishing state support for the Shinto religion.
- The U.N. preparatory commission voted to locate the permanent headquarters of the UN in the United States.[15]
- Japan's legal code was amended to give women the right to vote.[19]
- Honduras ratified the United Nations Charter.[11]
- Charles Lindbergh spoke in public for the first time since 1941 when he addressed the Aero Club in Washington, D.C., advocating a world organization backed by military power and based on Christian principles.[20]
- Born: Ernie Hudson, actor, in Benton Harbor, Michigan; Chris Matthews, political commentator, talk show host and author, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Died: Edward William Archibald, 73, Canadian surgeon
- George S. Patton was buried in a brief ceremony at the Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial in the Hamm district of Luxembourg City. His flag-draped coffin was borne from the railroad station to the burial site on a half-track.[23]
- The Sodder children disappearance occurred in Fayetteville, West Virginia. A fire destroyed the home of George and Jennie Sodder and nine of their ten children. Four of the nine were rescued, but the bodies of the other five were never found. Some mysterious circumstances surrounding the fire and subsequent developments led the Sodders to believe for the rest of their lives that the five missing children survived.
- Pope Pius XII broadcast his annual Christmas message listing the "fundamental prerequisites for a true and lasting peace." The pope called for "collaboration, good will, [and] reciprocal confidence in all peoples. The motives of hate, vengeance, rivalry, antagonism, and unfair and dishonest competition must be kept out of political and economic debates and decisions."[24]
- Born: Lemmy, founder and frontman of the rock band Motörhead, born Ian Kilmister in Burslem, Staffordshire, England (d. 2015); Nicholas Meyer, screenwriter, producer, author and director, in New York City
- Japanese Admiral Shigematsu Sakaibara was sentenced to death by hanging for his role in the mass execution of the 98 American civilians remaining on Wake Island on October 7, 1943. Before the verdict was read Sakaibara declared in an outburst that the Americans who planned and carried out the atomic bomb attacks on Japan should be regarded "in the same light as we."[25]
- Born: Gary Sandy, actor, in Dayton, Ohio
- The War Brides Act was enacted in the United States to allow alien spouses, natural children, and adopted children of American troops to enter the U.S. as non-quota immigrants, "if admissible".
- A United Nations spokesman said that the committee would choose a site in the "general areas" of either Boston or New York City as a permanent home for the organization.[27]
- Died: Theodore Dreiser, 74, American novelist and journalist
- Chiang Kai-shek announced conditional acceptance of a Communist-proposed ceasefire in the Chinese Civil War.[29]
- Tire rationing ended in the United States.[30]
- Born: Barbara Carrera, actress and model, in San Carlos, Río San Juan, Nicaragua; Vernon Wells, actor, in Rushworth, Victoria, Australia; Connie Willis, science fiction and fantasy author, in Denver, Colorado
References
- ↑ "British Troops Seize Nazi Arms Builders in Luxurious Palaces". Pittsburgh Press (Pittsburgh): p. 1. December 2, 1945.
- ↑ Tallent, Aaron (December 10, 2015). "The Army-Navy Game During World War II". Athlon Sports & Life. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1945". MusicAndHistory.com. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- ↑ Moore, William (December 5, 1945). "O.K. League in Senate, 65-7". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune): p. 1.
- ↑ "Today In Sports History". JuneauEmpire.com. December 4, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- 1 2 3 Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 636. ISBN 9-780582-039193.
- 1 2 3 4 Leonard, Thomas M. (1977). Day By Day: The Forties. New York: Facts On File, Inc. p. 548-549. ISBN 0-87196-375-2.
- ↑ Fulton, William (December 7, 1945). "Split 8 to 8 Over Sire for World Capital". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune): p. 1.
- ↑ Axelrod, Alan (2007). Encyclopedia of World War II. New York: Facts On File. p. 643. ISBN 9780816060221.
- 1 2 "Was war am 9. Dezember 1945". chroniknet. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice". United Nations Treaty Collection. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- ↑ "Steel Strike Called". Pittsburgh Press (Pittsburgh): p. 1. December 11, 1945.
- ↑ "B-29 Flies From Coast In Record 5 ½ Hours". Brooklyn Eagle (Brooklyn): p. 1. December 12, 1945.
- ↑ Blake, Kristen (2009). The U.S.-Soviet Confrontation in Iran, 1945-1962: A Case in the Annals of the Cold War. New York: University Press of America. p. 33. ISBN 9780761844921.
- 1 2 3 4 Yust, Walter, ed. (1946). 1946 Britannica Book of the Year. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. p. 16.
- ↑ Abramson, Albert (2003). The History of Television, 1942 to 2000. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 16. ISBN 9780786412204.
- ↑ Holston, Kim R. (2013). Movie Roadshows: A History and Filmography of Reserved-Seat Limited Showings, 1911-1973. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 263. ISBN 978-0-7864-6062-5.
- ↑ "House Passes a 'Weakened' Jobs Measure". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune): p. 1. December 15, 1945.
- ↑ Weatherford, Doris (2010). American Women During World War II: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 329. ISBN 9781135201906.
- ↑ "Lindbergh Proposes Force For World Organization". The Free Lance-Star (Fredricksburg, VA): p. 1. December 18, 1945.
- ↑ "Lord Haw Haw Loses Appeal". Madera Tribune (Madera, California): p. 1. December 18, 1945.
- ↑ "Was war am 19. Dezember 1945". chroniknet. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
- ↑ "Patton Buried on Windy Hill Among Graves of His GIs". Pittsburgh Press (Pittsburgh): p. 1. December 24, 1945.
- ↑ "Totalitarians Denounced in Pope's Message". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago): p. 9. December 25, 1945.
- ↑ "U.S. to Hang Jap Admiral". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago): p. 1. December 26, 1945.
- ↑ Leonard, p. 553.
- ↑ "UNO Site to Be Near Boston or New York City". Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago): p. 1. December 29, 1945.
- ↑ "Hitler's Will Found Near Munich; Certificate of Marriage to Eva Braun". Barrier Miner (Broken Hill, N.S.W.): p. 4. December 31, 1945.
- ↑ "Chiang Acts to End Civil War in China". Brooklyn Eagle (Brooklyn): p. 1. December 31, 1945.
- ↑ Young, William H.; Young, Nancy K. (2010). World War II and the Postwar Years in America: A-I. ABC-CLIO. p. 48. ISBN 9780313356520.