Bangsamoro peace process

Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro
Signed 15 October 2012 (2012-10-15)
Location Malacañan Palace, Manila, Philippines
Sealed 15 October 2012 (2012-10-15)
Signatories

Philippines Philippine Government

Moro Islamic Liberation Front
Language Tagalog (Filipino)

The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is a preliminary peace agreement signed in the Malacañan Palace in Manila, Philippines on 15 October 2012. The Framework Agreement calls for the creation of an autonomous political entity named Bangsamoro, replacing the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) which was described by President Benigno Aquino III as "a failed experiment".[1]

Origins

The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Philippines held peace talks in Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia from 2–6 October. On 7 October, President Aquino announced that the two parties have agreed to sign a preliminary peace agreement which calls for the creation of an autonoumous political entity named Bangsamoro, superseding the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). He criticized that the ARMM is a "failed experiment" that did not address issues such as electoral fraud, political patronage, poverty, war and warlordism. Aquino claimed that structural reform is necessary, with the creation of Bangsamoro solving these issues while upholding national sovereignty. The agreement was reached after 32 peace talks between the two parties that spanned a period of nine years.[1][2]

Signing

The Philippine government's chief negotiator Marvic Leonen and his Moro Islamic Liberation Front counterpart Mohagher Iqbal signed the agreement on 15 October 2012 in the Rizal Ceremonial Hall of Malacañan Palace in Manila, Philippines. The agreement was sealed at about 15:00 PST. Malaysian facilitator Tengku Dato’ Ab Ghafar Tengku Mohamed, President Aquino, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak, MILF chairman Al Haj Murad Ebrahim and Secretary-General Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation were all present at the signing of the agreement.[3]

International Contact Group

The International Contact Group for the Southern Philippines Peace Process[4] worked to help the parties move towards the landmark agreements, the Framework Agreement and two years later Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, putting an end to decades of conflict.

The International Contact Group (ICG) was established in December 2009[5] to advise and assist the two parties and the Malaysian facilitator in talks.[6] It was a mix of diplomats and NGOs. Four countries were members: Japan, UK, Turkey and Saudi Arabia, and four international NGOs: the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, Muhammadiyah, the Asia Foundation and Conciliation Resources.

International reactions

References

  1. 1 2 "Govt, MILF agree to create ‘Bangsamoro’ to replace ARMM | News | GMA News Online | The Go-To Site for Filipinos Everywhere". Gmanetwork.com. 2012-10-07. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  2. "2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro political region". President.gov.ph. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  3. "Gov’t, MILF seal preliminary peace pact | Inquirer News". Newsinfo.inquirer.net. 2012-10-15. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  4. Briefing: International Contact Group for the Southern Philippines Peace Process (PDF). Democratic Progress Institute. 2014. ISBN 978-1-905592-98-2.
  5. "GRP, MILF sign pact to form international contact group". GMA News Online. 16 September 2009. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  6. "International Contact Group on Mindanao". Conciliation Resources. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  7. Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (2012-10-07). "Philippines framework peace agreement welcomed, media release, 7 October 2012, Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs". Foreignminister.gov.au. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  8. "Document regarding the Philippine government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front on the framework peace agreement" (PDF). Consilium.europa.eu. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  9. "Ministry of Foreign Affairs - RI Welcomes the Agreement between the Government of the Philippines and MILF". Kemlu.go.id. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  10. "The Framework Agreement concerning the Mindanao Peace Process". MOFA. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  11. http://www.statehouse.gm/Press-releases/DJIBOUTI%20DECLARATION-FINAL_301112.pdf
  12. Thailand’s southern insurgency: School killings
  13. "No: 233, 10 October 2012, Press Release Regarding the Peace Talks Between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front / Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Mfa.gov.tr. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  14. "Foreign Secretary comments on peace agreement for Mindanao". Fco.gov.uk. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
  15. "Finalization of the Philippines - Moro Islamic Liberation Front Framework Agreement". State.gov. 2012-10-07. Retrieved 2012-10-26.

External links

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