Fujian Province, Republic of China

This article is about the administrative province of the Republic of China. For the province of the People's Republic of China, see Fujian.
Fujian Province
福建省
Streamlined Province

The province depicted in red within ROC.
Country  Republic of China
Split of Fukien August 17, 1949
Streamlined July 16, 1956
Demilitarized November 7, 1992
Provincial capital Fuzhou (1921-1949)
Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1949-1956)
Taipei County (Xindian City) (1956-1996)
Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1996-)
Government
 • Governor Lin Chu-chia
Area
 • Total 180.4560 km2 (69.6745 sq mi)
Population (2014)
 • Total 133,456
 • Density 740/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Demonym(s) Kinmenese, Matsunese
Time zone Asia/Taipei (UTC+8)
Postal code 209–212, 890–896
Area code(s) (0)82, (0)826, (0)836
ISO 3166 code TW
Counties 2
Website www.fkpg.gov.tw
Fujian Province
Chinese 福建省
Postal Fukien

Fujian Province, formerly romanized as Fukien Province (Chinese: 福建省; pinyin: Fújiàn Shěng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn Séng, see other names below), is a streamlined province of the Republic of China. It includes the small archipelagos of Kinmen (Quemoy) and Matsu Islands off the southeast coast of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The seat of the provincial government is Jincheng Township of Kinmen County.

The current Fujian Province under ROC control was once part of a larger Fujian Province, which consisted of a mainland portion and some islands. After the Chinese Civil War of 1949, the majority of the historical province became Fujian, People's Republic of China, while the remaining islands remained under ROC control, which compose 0.5% of ROC's territories.

History

Main article: Fujian

During the Chinese Civil War, the ROC lost control of mainland China, including most of Fujian province, and was forced to relocate to Taiwan, while the victorious Chinese Communist forces established the PRC in 1949, subsequently the capital of Fujian was also moved from Foochow to Jincheng. In the Battle of Guningtou, however, ROC forces were able to defend the island of Quemoy (Kinmen) just off the coast of Fujian from communist attack. As a result, the ROC has been able to hold on to a number of offshore islands of Fujian, and has continued to maintain a separate Fujian Provincial Government to govern these islands, parallel to the province of Fujian in mainland China.

In 1956, due to heightened potential for military conflict with the PRC, the ROC central government moved the Fujian provincial government out of Fujian to within Taiwan Province in Xindian (now part of New Taipei), and the islands were placed under an extraordinarily tight military administration due to their extreme proximity to mainland China. This was an unusual situation where the government of a province was located and operating in a different province. With the easing of cross-strait relations between the PRC and ROC and the democratization of the ROC in the 1990s, the islands were returned to civilian government in 1992. On January 15, 1996, the provincial government moved back to Kinmen, on Fujian soil.[1]

Recently, the ROC has significantly diluted the powers of the two provinces it governs, namely Taiwan and Fujian. Most of the authority at the Fujian province level has been delegated to the two county governments of Kinmen and Lienchiang.

Subdivisions

Fujian province comprises two counties: Kinmen County and Lienchiang County. These islands have a total area of 182.66 km² and a total population of 71,000 (2001).

The following are the islands of Fujian under the administration of the ROC, given by county:

Kinmen County (金門縣)Lienchiang County (連江縣)
  • Kinmen (金門島)
  • Lesser Kinmen (小金門島)
  • Wuqiu Islands (烏坵嶼)
    • Daqiu (大坵)
    • Xiaoqiu (小坵)
  • Dongding (東碇)
  • Dadan (大擔) and Erdan (二擔)
  • Matsu Islands (馬祖列島)
    • Nangan (南竿島)
    • Beigan (北竿島)
    • Juguang (莒光列島)
      called Baiquan Islands (白犬列岛) by the PRC
    • Dongyin (東引島) and Xiyin (西引島)
    • Minor islands: Liang (亮島), Gaodeng (高登),

The PRC claims Kinmen as Jinmen County, Quanzhou, Fujian; Matsu Islands as Mazu Township, Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian.

Government

Fujian Provincial Government
A Fujian provincial branch government office building, in Shuitou Village, Jincheng Township, Kinmen
Lin Chu-chia, the incumbent Governor of Fujian Province.

List of KMT Provincial Chairmen of Government

Governor Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Term in office
Yang Shuzhuang (Yang Shu-chuang)[2] Yang Shuzhuang July 1927 - January 1930
Nai Yuan (acting)[2] Nai Yuan 5 February 1929 - 6 January 1930
Fang Shengtao (acting)[2] Fang Shengtao 6 January 1930 - 7 December 1932
Jiang Guangnai (Chiang Kuang-nai)[2] 蒋光鼐 Jiǎng Guāngnài 7 December 1932 - 20 December 1933
Cai Tingkai (Ts'ai T'ing-k'ai)[2] 蔡廷锴 Cài Tíngkǎi 21 November 1933 - 21 January 1934
Chen Yi (Ch'en I)[2] 陳儀 Chén Yí 12 January 1934 - 28 August 1941
Liu Jianxu (Liu Chien-hsü)[2] 劉建緒 Liú Jiànxù 28 August 1941 - 16 September 1948
Li Hanhun (Li Han-hun)[2] 李漢魂 Li Hanhun 16 September 1948 - 20 January 1949
Zhu Shaoliang (Chu Shao-ling)[2] 朱紹良 Zhū Shào Líang 20 January 1949 - May 1949
Fang Chih[3] 方治 Fāng Zhì May 1949 - 23 November 1949

List of Governors

Governor Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Term in office
Hu Lien 胡璉 Hú Liǎn 23 November 1949 - February 1955
Tai Chung-yu 戴仲玉 Dài Zhòngyù February 1955 - May 1986
Wu Chin-tzan 吳金贊 Wú Jīnzàn June 1986 - 9 February 1998
Yen Chung-cheng 顏忠誠 Yán Zhōngchéng 10 February 1998 - May 2007
Yang Cheng-hsi (acting) 楊誠璽 Yáng Chéngxǐ 21 May 2007 - 28 November 2007
Chen Chin-jun 陳景峻 Chén Jǐngjùn 28 November 2007 - 20 May 2008
Hsueh Hsiang-chuan 薛香川 Xūe Xiāngchuān 20 May 2008 - 10 September 2009
James Hsueh 薛承泰 Xūe Chéngtài 10 September 2009 - 18 February 2013
Chen Shyh-kwei[4] 陳士魁 Chén Shìkúi 18 February 2013 - 1 August 2013
Luo Ying-shay[5] 羅瑩雪 Luó Yíngxuě 1 August 2013 - 29 September 2013
Schive Chi[6] 薛琦 Xuē Qí 30 September 2013 - 25 March 2014
John Deng 鄧振中 Dèng Zhènzhōng 25 March 2014 - 7 December 2014
Woody Duh 杜紫軍 Dù Zǐjūn 8 December 2014 - 31 January 2016
Lin Chu-chia 林祖嘉 Lín Zǔjiā 1 February 2016 -

See also

References

  1. ↑ Fujian Provincial Government website
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  3. ↑ Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015. (In Columns) “(May 1949 - 23 Nov 1949) (Fang Zhi) (Fang Chih) (Nationalist) (at Kinmen from 17 Aug 1949) (b. 1898 - d. 1989)”
  4. ↑ "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
  5. ↑ "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
  6. ↑ "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.

External links

Coordinates: 24°25′N 118°19′E / 24.417°N 118.317°E / 24.417; 118.317

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