Gliese 1214
Gliese 1214 is a dim M4.5[4] red dwarf in the constellation Ophiuchus with an apparent magnitude of 14.7.[3] It is located at a distance of approximately 47 light years from Earth.[9] It is about one-fifth as large as the Sun[10] with a surface temperature estimated to be 3000 K (2730 °C; 4940 °F).[10] Its luminosity is only 0.003% that of the Sun.[10]
The estimate for the stellar radius is 15% larger than predicted by theoretical models.[7] It also shows a 1% intrinsic variability in the near-infrared probably caused by stellar spots.[3]
Planetary system
In mid-December 2009, a team of Harvard-Smithsonian astronomers announced the discovery of a companion extrasolar planet, Gliese 1214 b, potentially composed largely of water and having the mass and diameter of a super-Earth.[7][10]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | 6.55 ± 0.98 M⊕ | 0.0143 ± 0.0019 | 1.58040456 ± 1.6x10−7[11] | <0.27 | 88.17° | 2.64 ± 0.13 R⊕ |
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This artist’s impression shows how the newly discovered super-Earth orbiting the nearby star GJ 1214 may look. Credit: ESO/L. Calçada
Discovered by the MEarth project and investigated further by the HARPS spectrograph on ESO’s 3.6-metre telescope at La Silla, GJ 1214 b is the second super-Earth exoplanet for which astronomers have determined the mass and radius, giving vital clues about its structure. It is also the first super-Earth around which an atmosphere has been found. A search for additional planets using transit timing variations was negative.[3]
No transit-time variations have yet been found for this transit. As of 2012, "the given data does not allow us to conclude that there is a [second] planet in the mass range 0.1–5 Earth-masses and the period range 0.76–1.23 or 1.91–3.18 days."[11]
See also
References
- ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a Constellation From a Position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 (617): 695–699. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Vizier query form
- 1 2 3 4 5 Skrutskie, M. F.; et al. (2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. Vizier catalog entry
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Berta, Zachory K.; et al. (2011). "The GJ1214 Super-Earth System: Stellar Variability, New Transits, and a Search for Additional Planets". The Astrophysical Journal 736 (1). 12. arXiv:1012.0518. Bibcode:2011ApJ...736...12B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/736/1/12.
- 1 2 3 Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; et al. (2010). "Metal-rich M-Dwarf Planet Hosts: Metallicities with K-band Spectra". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 720 (1): L113–L118. arXiv:1007.4593. Bibcode:2010ApJ...720L.113R. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/720/1/L113.
- 1 2 3 "LHS 3275 -- High proper-motion Star". SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
- ↑ van Altena, William F.; et al. The General Catalogue of Trigonometric Stellar Parallaxes. Yale University Observatory. ASIN B000UG5T6Y.Vizier catalog entry
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Charbonneau, David; et al. (2009). "A super-Earth transiting a nearby low-mass star". Nature 462 (7275): 891–894. arXiv:0912.3229. Bibcode:2009Natur.462..891C. doi:10.1038/nature08679. PMID 20016595.
- 1 2 Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (2005). "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 015 (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)". The Astronomical Journal 129 (3): 1483–1522. arXiv:astro-ph/0412070. Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L. doi:10.1086/427854. Vizier catalog entry
- 1 2 Anglada-Escudé, Guillem; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Boss, Alan P.; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Lloyd, James P. (2012). "GJ 1214b revised. Improved trigonometric parallax, stellar parameters, orbital solution, and bulk properties for the super-Earth GJ 1214b". arXiv:1210.8087v3 [astro-ph.EP].
- 1 2 3 4 David A. Aguilar (2009-12-16). "Astronomers Find Super-Earth Using Amateur, Off-the-Shelf Technology". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Retrieved December 16, 2009.
- 1 2 Kennet B. W. Harpsøe; et al. (2012). "The Transiting System Gliese 1214". Astronomy & Astrophysics 549: A10. arXiv:1207.3064. Bibcode:2013A&A...549A..10H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219996.
External links
Coordinates: 
17h 15m 18.94s, +4° 57′ 49.7″
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