Hismaic dialect
| Hismaic | |
|---|---|
| Region | Hisma |
| Extinct | 4th c. AD |
| Old North Arabian script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog |
hism1236[1] |
Hismaic in the strictest sense is used to refer to an Ancient North Arabian script, but may also refer to the language most commonly expressed by it. The Hismaic script may have been used to write Safaitic dialects, but the language of most inscriptions differs from Safaitic in a few important respects, meriting its classification as a separate dialect or language. Hismaic inscriptions are attested in the Ḥismā region of Northwest Arabia.
Characteristics
Phonology
There are clear instances of d being used for /ḏ/ in the variant spellings of the divine name Ḏū l-S2arā: ds2r/ds2ry as against ḏs2r/ḏs2ry.
The spelling of ʿbdmk < ʿbdmlk suggests an interchange of n for l, similar to that found in Nabataean where the name of the kings Malichos occurs as both mlkw and mnkw and the compound as both ʿbdmlkw and ʿbdmnkw.[2]
Grammar
Perhaps the most salient distinction between Safaitic and Hismaic is the attestation of the definite articles h-, hn-, ʾ-, and ʾl- in the former. A prefixed definite article is not attested in Hismaic. Nevertheless, Hismaic seems to attest a suffixed -ʾ on nouns and hn in personal names. The use of the morpheme h- as a demonstrative is attested.[3]
References
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Hismaic". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ http://krc.orient.ox.ac.uk/resources/ociana/publications/early_north_arabian_hismaic.pdf
- ↑ Al-Jallad, A. (2015). An Outline of the Grammar of the Safaitic Inscriptions. Brill.
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