Hoboken Terminal

Hoboken Terminal
The renovated waiting room in 2004.
Location	1 Hudson Place Hoboken, NJ
Owned by	Street level: New Jersey Transit Underground: PANYNJ
Line(s)	New Jersey Transit commuter rail:   Bergen County Line   Gladstone Branch   Main Line   Meadowlands Rail Line   Montclair-Boonton Line   Morristown Line   North Jersey Coast Line   Pascack Valley Line   Raritan Valley Line Metro-North Railroad   Port Jervis Line Hudson – Bergen Light Rail:   8th Street–Hoboken   Hoboken–Tonnelle PATH:   HOB–WTC   HOB–33   JSQ–33 (via HOB)
Platforms	9 island platforms and 1 side platform
Tracks	18
Connections	NY Waterway to Battery Park City Ferry Terminal NJT Bus: 22, 23, 64, 68, 85, 87, 89, and 126
Construction
Platform levels	2
Parking	available within area
Bicycle facilities	88 spaces
Disabled access	Yes
Other information
Station code	HOB
Fare zone	1
History
Opened	February 25, 1907
Electrified	1930: 25 kV 60 Hz (NJT) 600 V (DC) third rail (PATH) 750 V DC Overhead lines (Light rail)
Traffic
Passengers (2012)	16,297 (average weekday)[1] (NJT)
Services
Preceding station   NJ Transit Rail   Following station Newark Penn Station toward Bay Head North Jersey Coast Line limited service Terminus Newark Penn Station toward High Bridge Raritan Valley Line one weekday train Newark Broad Street toward Hackettstown Montclair-Boonton Line rush-hour only Morristown Line Newark Broad Street toward Gladstone Gladstone Branch Secaucus Junction toward Spring Valley Pascack Valley Line Secaucus Junction toward Suffern Main Line Bergen County Line Secaucus Junction toward Meadowlands Meadowlands Rail Line Metro-North Railroad Secaucus Junction toward Port Jervis Port Jervis Line Terminus Hudson–Bergen Light Rail Terminus Hoboken–Tonnelle 2nd Street toward Tonnelle Avenue Pavonia-Newport toward 8th Street 8th Street–Hoboken Terminus PATH   Regular service   Terminus HOB–33 Christopher Street toward 33rd Street 33rd Street Terminus HOB–WTC Newport toward World Trade Center   Nights and weekends   Newport toward Journal Square JSQ–33 (via HOB) Christopher Street toward 33rd Street 33rd Street Terminus Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Newark toward Buffalo Main Line Terminus Harrison toward Montclair Montclair Branch Newark toward Gladstone Gladstone Branch Kingsland toward Denville Boonton Branch
Erie-Lackawanna Railroad Terminal at Hoboken
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Location	On the Hudson River at the foot of Hudson Place, Hoboken, New Jersey
Coordinates	40°44′5.64″N 74°1′40.08″W / 40.7349000°N 74.0278000°WCoordinates: 40°44′5.64″N 74°1′40.08″W / 40.7349000°N 74.0278000°W
Area	4 acres (2 ha)
Built	1907
Architect	Kenneth MacKenzie Murchison
Architectural style	American Industrial
NRHP Reference #	73001102[2]
Added to NRHP	July 24, 1973

Hoboken Terminal is one of the New York metropolitan area's major transportation hubs. The commuter-oriented intermodal facility is located in Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. It is served by nine New Jersey Transit (NJT) commuter rail lines, one Metro-North Railroad line, various NJT buses and private bus lines, the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail, the Port Authority Trans Hudson (PATH) rapid transit system and NY Waterway-operated ferries. More than 50,000 people use the terminal daily making it the busiest railroad station in New Jersey and the state's second busiest transportation facility after Newark Liberty International Airport.^[3] Hoboken is fully wheelchair accessible, with high-level platforms for light rail and PATH services and portable lifts for commuter rail services.

History

Hoboken Terminal under construction, 1907

Hoboken Terminal shortly after its construction

Until the opening of the North River Tunnels and the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad tubes around 1910^[4] travel to Manhattan from most of the continental USA required a transfer to a ferry at the Hudson River, at the time often called the North River. Of the five passenger terminals operated by competing railroad companies that once lined the Hudson Waterfront Hoboken is the only one in active use. Those at Weehawken (NYC), Pavonia (Erie), Exchange Place (PRR) were demolished in the 1960s. The restored Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal is now part of Liberty State Park.

Cuts and tunnels were constructed through Bergen Hill to the terminals on the west bank of the river and the Upper New York Bay. One of the Bergen Hill Tunnels under Jersey City Heights was opened in 1876 by the Morris and Essex Railroad. A parallel tunnel was added in 1908 by Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad (DL&W). Both are still used by New Jersey Transit.^[5]

The site of the terminal has been used as a ferry landing since the colonial era, accessible via turnpike roads, and later plank roads (namely the Hackensack, the Paterson and a spur of the Newark Plank Road). John Stevens, founder of Hoboken and inventor, launched steamboat service in 1811. Ferry service ended In 1967. It resumed in 1989 on the south side of the terminal and moved back to the restored ferry slips inside the historic terminal on December 7, 2011.^[6]

The Phoebe Snow was a premiere passenger train that departed daily from the station.^[7] In 1956, four years before its merger with the DL&W to form the Erie Lackawanna Railway, the Erie Railroad began shifting its trains from its Jersey City terminal to Hoboken. In October 1965, on former Erie routes, there were five weekday trains ran to Midvale, three to Nyack, three to Waldwick via Newark, two to Essex Fells, two to Carlton Hill, and one to Newton. All those trains were dropped in 1966. Trains to Chicago and Buffalo were discontinued on January 5, 1970.

Numerous streetcar lines (eventually owned and operated by the Public Service Railway), including the Hoboken Inclined Cable Railway, originated/terminated at the station until bustitution was completed on August 7, 1949.^[5]

Hoboken Terminal c. 1954

The terminal, like Hoboken itself, is a place of "firsts". One year before his death, Thomas Edison was at the controls for the first departure, in 1930, of a regular-service electric multiple unit train from Hoboken Terminal to Montclair. One of the first installations of central air-conditioning in a public space was at station, as was the first non-experimental use of mobile phones.^[8][9]

The station has been used for film shoots, including Funny Girl, Three Days of the Condor, Once Upon a Time in America, The Station Agent, The Curse of the Jade Scorpion, Julie & Julia, Rod Stewart's Downtown Train video (1990) and Eric Clapton's video for his 1996 single "Change the World".

Services

Commuter rail

• Main Line
• Bergen County Line
• Pascack Valley Line
• Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch of the Morris and Essex Lines
• Montclair-Boonton Line
• North Jersey Coast Line (limited service)
• Meadowlands Rail Line (event service)
• Port Jervis Line
• Raritan Valley Line (one inbound morning weekday train only)

Access to other New Jersey Transit rail lines is available at Newark Penn Station (which also serves Amtrak), Secaucus Junction, or Newark Broad Street.

Rapid transit rail

PATH trains provide 24-hour service on three routes from a three-track underground station located north of the surface platforms. Entrances are from the main concourse or street, below the Hudson Place bus station. Travel to Newark Penn Station always requires a transfer, as does weekday service to Journal Square Transportation Center.

• Hoboken – 33rd Street
• Hoboken – World Trade Center
• Journal Square – 33rd Street (via Hoboken) (late night & weekend service)

Station layout

G	Street Level	Exit/Entrance
B1	Mezzanine	Fare control, one-way faregates, transfer to NJ Transit services
B2 Platform level	Side platform, doors will open on the left
	Eastbound	←      HOB–33 toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street) ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport) ←      HOB–WTC toward World Trade Center (Newport)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
	Eastbound	←      HOB–33 toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street) ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport) ←      HOB–WTC toward World Trade Center (Newport)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left or right
	Eastbound	←      HOB–33 toward 33rd Street (Christopher Street) ←      JSQ–33 (via HOB) toward 33rd Street or Journal Square Transportation Center (Christopher Street or Newport) ←      HOB–WTC toward World Trade Center (Newport)
	Side platform, doors will open on the right

Light rail

Hoboken Terminal is the terminus for two of the three Hudson-Bergen Light Rail routes, platforms for which are located south of Track 18 and are numbered H1, H2, and H4. The southern route (including the express Bayonne Flyer) travels through Downtown Jersey City, Greenville and Bayonne to 8th Street. The northern route travels through Hoboken and North Hudson to Tonnelle Avenue in North Bergen. Travel from the West Side Branch requires passengers to transfer at stations between Pavonia-Newport and Liberty State Park.

Ferry

Weekday ferry service is operated by NY Waterway to the Battery Park City Ferry Terminal at the World Financial Center and Pier 11 at Wall Street on the East River in Lower Manhattan.

Bus

New Jersey Transit bus routes from the adjacent Hudson Place bus terminal are the^[10] 22, 64, 68, 85, 87, 89 to destinations within Hudson County and 126, with continuing service to Port Authority Bus Terminal. The local Hoboken Downtown and Uptown bus includes the terminal in their loop routes.^[11][12]

Named passenger trains

Until the 1960s several streamliner trains originated at Hoboken. Passenger trains extended beyond the daily commuter market to Buffalo, New York; to Chicago; and to northeastern Pennsylvania.

Name	Operators	Destination	Year begun	Year discontinued
Erie Limited	Erie Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	Chicago, Illinois		1963
Lake Cities	Erie Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	Chicago, Illinois	1939	1970
New Yorker/Westerner	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to Chicago		1963
Phoebe Snow	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna	DL&W Terminal, Buffalo, New York	1949	1966
Merchants Express	Lackawanna Railroad,	Scranton		1963
Scrantonian	Lackawanna Railroad	Scranton
Lackawanna Limited	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to Chicago
Twilight	Lackawanna Railroad	Buffalo		1965[13]
Pocono Express	Lackawanna Railroad	Buffalo		1965[13]
Owl	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to St. Louis		1969
New York Mail	Lackawanna Railroad, then Erie-Lackawanna via Nickel Plate Road	Buffalo, continuing to Chicago

Design, designation, and restoration

External video

Hoboken Lackawanna Terminal, Wanda Kaluza, 1:21, November 1, 2014

Designed by architect Kenneth M. Murchison in the Beaux-Arts style, the rail and ferry terminal buildings were constructed in 1907 by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. The terminal building is listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places^[14] and the National Register of Historic Places (added in 1973 as #73001102 as the Erie-Lackawanna Railroad and Ferry Terminal).^[15] It has been undergoing extensive renovations which were projected for completion in 2011.^[3]

The large main waiting room, with its floral and Greek Revival motifs in tiled stained glass by Louis Comfort Tiffany set atop bands of pale cement,^[8] is generally considered one of the finest in the U.S. aesthetically. The terminal exterior extends to over four stories and has a distinguished copper-clad façade with ornate detailing. Its single-story base is constructed of rusticated Indiana limestone. A grand double stair with decorative cast-iron railings within the main waiting room provides an entrance to the upper-level ferry concourse.

New clock tower

A 225-foot (69 m) clock tower was originally built with the terminal over a century ago, but was dismantled in the early 1950s due to structural damage and deterioration from weather damage. A new clock tower, replicating the original, was constructed during the terminal's centennial year of 2007 and was fully erect that November. The replica tower has 4-foot-high (1.2 m) copper letters spelling out "LACKAWANNA", which are lit at night.

The original ferry slips inside the historic terminal were restored in 2011.^[6]

The terminal is considered a milestone in American transportation development, combining rail, ferry, subway, streetcar (later, bus; even later, bus on one side and light-rail on the other), and pedestrian facilities in one of the most innovatively designed and engineered structures in the nation. Hoboken Terminal was also one of the first stations in the world to employ the Bush-type train shed, designed by and named for Lincoln Bush of the DL&W, which quickly became ubiquitous in station design.^[8]

The station is unusual for a New York City area commuter railroad terminal in that it still has low-level platforms, requiring passengers to use stairs on the train to board and alight.

The station was badly damaged during Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012, with a 5 feet (1.5 m) storm surge inundating the facility. The waiting room reopened in January 2013, but extensive repairs were still in progress.^[16]

Environs and access

At Warrington Plaza

Though the passenger facilities are located within Hoboken, a large part of the infrastructure that supports them are located over the Jersey City city line, which cuts across the rail yard at a northwest diagonal from the river to the intersection of Grove Street and Newark Street. It is at this corner that Observer Highway begins running parallel to the tracks and creating a de facto border for Hoboken.^[17] The Long Slip (created with the landfilling of Harsimus Cove) creates the southern perimeter of the station, separating it from Newport, Jersey City. Motor vehicle access to the station is extremely limited. At the eastern end of Observer Highway buses are permitted to enter their terminal. Other vehicles are required to do a dog-leg turn onto Hudson Place. This 0.05 mile long^[18] street (designated CR 736) is the only one with motor vehicle traffic adjacent to the station and acts as a pick-up/drop off point, and hosts a dedicated taxi stand. Egress from the terminal requires travelling north (for at least one block) on River Street. Hudson Place ends at Warringtron Plaza. On this square one finds the main entrance to the waiting room and the vehicle entrances to the currently unused original ferry slips. A statue of Sam Sloan, president of the DL&W, moved during renovations faces the loading docks of the nearby post office. The plaza was named in honor of George Warrington, influential in the creation of New Jersey Transit, and as its executive director enabled the purchase and preservation of the station. In 2009, pedestrian access to the terminal from the south was made possible with the opening of a new segment of the Hudson River Waterfront Walkway.^[19] The closing of this gap along the promenade nearly completes the stretch from the Morris Canal to Weehawken Cove, with signage along the concourse at the rail head inside the terminal indicating that it is officially part of the walkway.

Gallery

• 

  Hoboken Terminal was one of many train-to-ferry transfer points that dotted the west shore of Hudson River circa 1900

• 

  Ferry slips before restoration as seen from the Hudson River

• 

  Hoboken Terminal from the water on an autumn afternoon in 1996

• 

  Clock tower being replaced as part of extensive renovations

• 

  Hoboken Terminal from the water, 2013

• 

  HBLR platform at tracks H1 and H2

• 

  Ferry terminal in use between 1989 and 2011 for WFC-bound boats

• 

  Hudson Place street stair to PATH

• 

  New Jersey Transit commuter rail platforms

• 

  One of two fare control areas of the PATH station

• 

  Hoboken Terminus after a heavy snow storm in 2010

• 

  Ice Water faucet inside the main terminal

Notes

1. "QUARTERLY RIDERSHIP TRENDS ANALYSIS". New Jersey Transit. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 27, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
2. Staff (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
3. "Hoboken Ferry Terminal Restoration Enters Final Phase" (Press release). New Jersey Transit. September 16, 2009. Retrieved 2010-02-05.
4. "Open Pennsylvania Station To-night". The New York Times. November 26, 1910. p. 5. Retrieved 2010-05-30.
5. French, Kenneth (2002). Railroads of Hoboken and Jersey City. Images of Rail. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-7385-0966-2.
6. Fox New York:Hoboken Ferry Terminal Reopens, Dec 07, 2011
7. Streamliner Schedules The Phoebe Snow http://www.streamlinerschedules.com/concourse/track3/phoebe196412.html
8. "1907-2007: 100 Years - Hoboken Terminal" (PDF). New Jersey Transit. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
9. La Gorce, Tammy (May 23, 2004). "Cool Is a State of Mind (and Relief)". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-10. Several decades later, the Hoboken Terminal distinguished itself as the nation's first centrally air-conditioned public space.
10. Hudson County bus and train service, New Jersey Transit. Accessed June 13, 2007.
11. "NJ Bus map for Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Morris, Passaic, Sussex, Union, and Warren Counties". dougandadrienne.info.
12. "Fall 2009 Downtown Crosstown Shuttle Bus Map & Information" (PDF). City of Hoboken. Retrieved 2011-09-18.
13. "E-L Passenger Service Decline". jimgworld.com.
14. "NJ/NRHP". state.nj.us.
15. New Jersey - Hudson County, National Register of Historic Places. Accessed June 13, 2007.
16. "Sandy-battered iconic Hoboken Terminal waiting room to reopen Tuesday". NJ.com.
17. Hudson County New Jersey Street Map. Hagstrom Map Company, Inc. 2008. ISBN 0-88097-763-9.
18. "Hudson County 736 straight line diagram" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2009-10-07.
19. Baldwin, Carly (August 26, 2009). "Long Slip pedestrian bridge from Jersey City to Hoboken to open in September". The Jersey Journal (Jersey City). Retrieved 2010-02-21.

External links

• NJT rail station information page for Hoboken Terminal
• DepartureVision real time train information for Hoboken Terminal
  • Main Line/Bergen County Line/Port Jervis Line schedule
  • Pascack Valley Line schedule
  • Morris and Essex Line schedule (Morristown Line & Gladstone Branch)
  • Montclair-Boonton Line schedule
  • North Jersey Coast Line schedule (limited)
  • Raritan Valley Line schedule (one AM trip only)
• NJT Hudson–Bergen Light Rail station information page for Hoboken Terminal
• Hudson–Bergen Light Rail schedule
• PATH station details
• Hoboken Terminal Website
• Subway Nut station info and photos
• Redevelopment Study of Hoboken Terminal & Yard for the of the City Hoboken
• NJT: Hoboken Terminal Turns 100
• Try Transit Festival at Hoboken Terminal; September 8, 2001 (Subway & Rail)
• Hudson Place and River Street entrance to PATH from Google Maps Street View
• NJ Transit tracks from Google Maps Street View
• Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-59, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad and Ferry Terminal, Ferry Slips and Bridges"
• HAER No. NJ-135-A, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Freight and Rail Yard, Long Slip Canal"
• HAER No. NJ-135-B, "Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Freight and Rail Yard, Multiple Unit Light Inspection Shed"