Qabiao language
| Qabiao | |
|---|---|
| Laqua | |
| Region | Hà Giang, Vietnam; Wenshan, Yunnan, China |
| Ethnicity | Qabiao |
Native speakers | 710 (2009 census)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
laq |
| Glottolog |
qabi1235[2] |
Qabiao, or sometimes Laqua (autonym: qa biau˧; Chinese: Pubiao 普标, Vietnamese: Pu Péo) is a Tai–Kadai language spoken by the Qabiao people in northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China. Alternative names for Qabiao include Kabeo, Ka Beo, Ka Bao, Ka Biao, Laqua, Pubiao (Pupeo or Pu Péo) and Pen Ti Lolo (Bendi Lolo). The meaning of the name "Qabiao" is unknown.
The Qabiao language is highly endangered. Also, most of its speakers lack access to nearby potable water.[3]
Maza, a Lolo–Burmese language spoken near the Qabiao area, is notable for having a Qabiao substratum (Hsiu 2014:68-69).
Geographic distribution
In Vietnam, Qabiao is spoken in Đồng Văn District, Hà Giang Province in Phố Là and Sủng Chéng villages, and perhaps also in Yên Minh and Mèo Vạc Districts.[3]
Tran (2011:15) reports that Qabiao is spoken in the following locations of Ha Giang Province.
- Phố Là, Sùng Chéng, Phó Bảng, Phó Cáo, and Má Lé communes of Đồng Văn District
- Cháng Lổ and Sùng Chéng of Phú Lũng commune, Yên Minh District
- Tiến Xuân, Yen Cường commune, Bắc Mê District
- Mèo Vạc District
The Pu Péo (Qabiao) of Vietnam claim that they had traditionally lived in the following villages in Vietnam and China (Tran 2011:16).
- Đồng Văn District, Vietnam
- Phó Bảng (Mó Biêng)
- Phó Cáo (Mó Cao)
- Phó Là (Mó Nê)
- Phó Lủng (Mó Căn)
- Malipo County, China
- Phú Trú (Mó Nương)
- PhúTrác (Mó Căn)
- Phú Pliông (Mó Phuông)
- Phú Trao (Mó Rào)
In China, Qabiao is spoken in Tiechang Township 铁厂镇 and Donggan Township 懂干镇 in Malipo County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan (Liang, et al. 2007). Many Qabiao people have shifted to Southwestern Mandarin, although it is still spoken in villages such as Pufeng 普峰.[4]
Phonology
The Qabiao language has the following tones: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2.[3]
Notes
- ↑ Qabiao at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Qabiao". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- 1 2 3 Diller, Anthony, Jerold A. Edmondson, and Yongxian Luo ed. The Tai–Kadai Languages. Routledge Language Family Series. Psychology Press, 2008.
- ↑ 麻栗坡县铁厂乡董渡村委会新民寨自然村
References
- Hsiu, Andrew. 2014. "Mondzish: a new subgroup of Lolo-Burmese". In Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Chinese Languages and Linguistics (IsCLL-14). Taipei: Academia Sinica.
- Liang Min, Zhang Junru & Li Yunbing (2007). Pubiao yu yanjiu. Beijing: The Ethnic Publishing House.
- Trần Văn Ái. 2011. Văn hóa dân gian của dân tộc Pu Péo ở Việt Nam. Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản văn hóa thông tin. ISBN 978-604-50-0048-9
- Various. 2012. Dân ca các dân tộc Pu Péo, Sán Dìu, Dao, Lô Lô, Cao Lan. Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản văn hóa dân tộc. ISBN 978-604-70-0153-8
External links
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