America's Favorite Architecture

America's Favorite Architecture is a list of buildings and other structures identified as the most popular works of architecture in the United States.

In 2006 and 2007, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) sponsored research to identify the most popular works of architecture in the United States. Harris Interactive conducted the study by first polling a sample of the AIA membership and later polling a sample of the public.[1]

In the first phase of the study, 2,448 AIA members were interviewed and asked to identify their "favorite" structures. Each was asked to name up to 20 structures in each of 15 defined categories. The 248 structures that were named by at least six of the AIA members were then included in a list of structures to be included in the next phase, a survey of the general public. The survey of the public involved a total of 2,214 people, each of whom rated many photographs of buildings and other structures drawn from the list of 248 structures that had been created by polling the architects. The public's preferences were ranked using a "likeability" scale developed for the study.[1][2]

As part of the commemoration of the organization's 150th anniversary in 2007, the AIA announced the list of the 150 highest-ranked structures as "America's Favorite Architecture". New York City is the location of 32 structures on the list, more than any other place. Of the 10 top-ranked structures, 6 are in Washington, DC, which is the location of 17 of the 150 structures on the complete list.[2] Chicago has 16 structures on the list.

The 150 top-ranked structures are listed below.[3]

List of "America's Favorites"

Rank
Structure City State Architect(s) Style Picture
1Empire State BuildingNew York CityNYWilliam F. LambArt Deco
2The White HouseWashingtonDCJames HobanNeoclassical
3Washington National CathedralWashingtonDCGeorge Frederick Bodley, Henry Vaughan and Philip H. FrohmanGothic Revival
4Thomas Jefferson MemorialWashingtonDCJohn Russell PopeNeoclassical
5Golden Gate BridgeSan FranciscoCAIrving F. Morrow and Gertrude C. MorrowArt Deco
6United States CapitolWashingtonDCWilliam ThorntonNeoclassical
7Lincoln MemorialWashingtonDCHenry BaconGreek Revival
8Biltmore Estate/Vanderbilt ResidenceAshevilleNCRichard Morris Hunt; Frederick Law OlmstedChâteauesque
9Chrysler BuildingNew YorkNYWilliam Van AlenArt Deco
10Vietnam Veterans MemorialWashingtonDCMaya LinModern
11St. Patrick's CathedralNew YorkNYJames RenwickGothic Revival
12Washington MonumentWashingtonDCRobert MillsEgyptian Revival
13Grand Central TerminalNew YorkNYReed and Stem; Warren and WetmoreBeaux-Arts
14Gateway ArchSt. LouisMOEero SaarinenModern
15Supreme Court of the United StatesWashingtonDCCass GilbertNeoclassical
16St. RegisNew YorkNYTrowbridge & LivingstonBeaux-Arts
17Metropolitan Museum of ArtNew YorkNYCalvert Vaux; McKim, Mead & White; Richard Morris Hunt; Kevin Roche; John DinkelooBeaux-Arts
18Hotel Del CoronadoCoronadoCAJames W. ReidVictorian
19World Trade Center (destroyed) New YorkNYMinoru YamasakiModern
20Brooklyn BridgeNew YorkNYJohn Augustus RoeblingGothic Revival
21Philadelphia City HallPhiladelphiaPAJohn McArthur Jr.Second Empire
22Bellagio Hotel and CasinoLas VegasNVDeruyter Butler; Atlandia DesignItalianate
23Cathedral of St. John the DivineNew YorkNYHeins & La Farge; Ralph Adams CramGothic Revival
24Philadelphia Museum of ArtPhiladelphiaPAHorace Trumbauer, Zantzinger, Borie, and MedaryNeoclassical
25Trinity ChurchBostonMAHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
26Ahwahnee HotelYosemite ValleyCAGilbert Stanley UnderwoodNational Park Service Rustic
27MonticelloCharlottesvilleVAThomas JeffersonGeorgian
28Library of CongressWashingtonDCJohn L. Smithmeyer and Paul J. PelzBeaux-Arts
29Fallingwater/Edgar J. Kaufmann Sr. ResidenceMill RunPAFrank Lloyd WrightModern/Organic
30TaliesinSpring GreenWIFrank Lloyd WrightPrairie School
31Wrigley FieldChicagoILZachary Taylor DavisJewel Box Stadium
32Wanamaker's Department StorePhiladelphiaPADaniel BurnhamNeo-Renaissance
33Rose Center for Earth and SpaceNew YorkNYJames Stewart PolshekStructural Expressionist / Postmodern
34National Gallery of Art (West Building) WashingtonDCJohn Russell PopeNeoclassical
35Allegheny County CourthousePittsburghPAHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
36Old Faithful InnYellowstone National ParkWYRobert ReamerNational Park Service Rustic
37Union StationWashingtonDCDaniel BurnhamBeaux-Arts
38Tribune TowerChicagoILJohn Mead Howells;Raymond HoodGothic Revival
39Delano HotelMiami BeachFLRobert Swartburg; Philippe Starck (interior)Art Deco
40Union StationSt. LouisMOTheodore C. LinkRomanesque
41Hearst ResidenceSan SimeonCAJulia MorganSpanish Revival
42Willis Tower, formerly the Sears TowerChicagoILFazlur Rahman Khan Bruce GrahamModern
43Thomas Crane Public LibraryQuincyMAHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
44Woolworth BuildingNew YorkNYCass GilbertGothic Revival
45Cincinnati Union TerminalCincinnatiOHAlfred Fellheimer and Stewart Wagner; Paul Philippe Cret, consulting architect Art Deco
46Waldorf AstoriaNew YorkNYSchultze & WeaverArt Deco
47New York Public LibraryNew YorkNYCarrère and HastingsBeaux-Arts
48Carnegie HallNew YorkNYWilliam B. Tuthill; Richard Morris Hunt and Dankmar Adler, consulting architects Italianate
49San Francisco City HallSan FranciscoCAArthur Brown, Jr.Beaux-Arts
50Virginia State CapitolRichmondVAThomas JeffersonNeoclassical
51Cadet Chapel, Air Force AcademyColorado SpringsCOWalter NetschFuturist
52Field Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoILDaniel Burnham and Graham, Anderson, Probst and WhiteNeoclassical
53Apple, 5th AvenueNew YorkNYBohlin Cywinski JacksonStructural Expressionist
54Furness Library, U. Penn.PhiladelphiaPAFrank FurnessVictorian
55Mauna Kea Beach HotelKohala CoastHISkidmore, Owings & MerrillModern
56Rockefeller CenterNew YorkNY Reinhard & Hofmeister, Corbett, Harrison & Macmurray, Raymond Hood, Godley & FouilhouxArt Deco
57Denver International AirportDenverCOFentress Bradburn ArchitectsPostmodern
58Ames Free LibraryNorth EastonMAHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
59Milwaukee Art MuseumMilwaukeeWISantiago CalatravaPostmodern
60Thorncrown ChapelEureka SpringsARE. Fay JonesPrairie School
61Transamerica PyramidSan FranciscoCAWilliam PereiraModern
62333 Wacker DriveChicagoILKohn Pedersen FoxModern
63Smithsonian National Air & Space MuseumWashingtonDCGyo ObataModern
64Faneuil Hall MarketplaceBostonMABenjamin ThompsonGeorgian
65Crystal CathedralGarden GroveCAPhilip JohnsonStructural Expressionist / Postmodern
66Gamble HousePasadenaCAGreene and GreeneAmerican Craftsman
67Nebraska State CapitolLincolnNEBertram Grosvenor GoodhueArt Deco/Neoclassical
68New York Times BuildingNew YorkNYRenzo PianoStructural Expressionist
69Salt Lake City Public LibrarySalt Lake CityUTMoshe SafdieStructural Expressionist / Postmodern
70Walt Disney World Dolphin and Swan HotelsLake Buena VistaFLMichael GravesPostmodern
71Hearst TowerNew YorkNY Norman Foster Structural Expressionist
72Flatiron BuildingNew YorkNYDaniel BurnhamBeaux-Arts/Chicago school
73Lake Point TowerChicagoIL Schipporeit and Heinrich Modern
74Guggenheim MuseumNew YorkNYFrank Lloyd WrightModern
75Union StationLos AngelesCA The Parkinsons Spanish Revival
76Willard HotelWashingtonDCHenry Janeway HardenberghBeaux-Arts
77Sever Hall, Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
78Broadmoor HotelColorado SpringsCOWarren & WetmoreSpanish Revival
79Ronald Reagan BuildingWashingtonDC James Ingo Freed Postmodern
80Phillips Exeter Academy LibraryExeterNH Louis Kahn Modern
81The Plaza HotelNew YorkNYHenry J. HardenberghBeaux-Arts
82Sofitel Chicago Water TowerChicagoIL Jean-Paul Viguier Postmodern
83Glessner HouseChicagoILHenry Hobson RichardsonRichardsonian Romanesque
84Yankee Stadium (1923) (demolished)New YorkNYOsborn Architects & EngineersJewel Box Stadium
85Harold Washington LibraryChicagoIL Hammond, Beeby and Babka Postmodern
86Lincoln CenterNew YorkNY Wallace Harrison, Philip Johnson and others Modern
87The Dakota ApartmentsNew YorkNYHenry Janeway HardenberghNeo-Renaissance
88Art Institute of ChicagoChicagoILShepley, Rutan and CoolidgeBeaux-Arts
89Fairmont HotelSan FranciscoCA Reid & Reid Beaux-Arts
90Boston Public LibraryBostonMACharles Follen McKimRenaissance Revival
91Hollywood BowlLos AngelesCAExpressionist
92Texas State CapitolAustinTXElijah E. MyersNeo-Renaissance
93FontainebleauMiami BeachFLMorris LapidusModern
94Legal Research Building, University of MichiganAnn ArborMIYork and SawyerGothic Revival
95Getty CenterLos AngelesCARichard MeierModern
96High MuseumAtlantaGARichard MeierModern
97Federal Building and United States CourthouseCentral IslipNYRichard MeierModern
98Humana BuildingLouisvilleKYMichael GravesPostmodern
99Disney Concert HallLos AngelesCAFrank GehryPostmodern / "Blobitecture"
100Radio City Music HallNew YorkNYEdward Durell StoneArt Deco
101Paul Brown StadiumCincinnatiOH NBBJ Postmodern
102United Airlines Terminal 1, O'Hare AirportChicagoILHelmut Jahn Modern
103Hyatt Regency AtlantaAtlantaGAJohn C. Portman, Jr. Modern
104AT&T Park (San Francisco Giants Stadium)San FranciscoCA Populous Retro ballpark
105Time Warner CenterNew YorkNYDavid Childs Modern
106Washington MetroWashingtonDCHarry WeeseBrutalist
107IDS Center (IDS Tower)MinneapolisMNPhilip JohnsonModern
108Seattle Central LibrarySeattleWARem Koolhaas and Joshua Prince-Ramus
109San Francisco Museum of Modern ArtSan FranciscoCAMario Botta Postmodern
110Union StationChicagoILDaniel Burnham and Graham, Anderson, Probst and White
111United Nations HeadquartersNew YorkNYWallace Harrison and othersModern
112National Building MuseumWashingtonDCMontgomery C. MeigsRenaissance Revival
113Fenway ParkBostonMA
114Dana-Thomas HouseSpringfieldILFrank Lloyd WrightPrairie School
115TWA Terminal, JFK AirportNew YorkNYEero SaarinenModern / Expressionist
116The AthenaeumNew HarmonyINRichard Meier
117Walker Art CenterMinneapolisMNEdward Larrabee Barnes
118American Airlines CenterDallasTXArt Deco
119Arizona Biltmore Resort and SpaPhoenixAZAlbert Chase McArthur with Frank Lloyd Wright consulting
120Los Angeles Central LibraryLos AngelesCABertram Grosvenor Goodhue
121San Francisco International AirportSan FranciscoCASkidmore, Owings and Merrill, Del Campo and Maru Architects, Michael Willis Architects
122Camden YardsBaltimoreMDHellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum
123Taliesin WestScottsdaleAZFrank Lloyd Wright
124United States Holocaust MuseumWashingtonDCJames Ingo Freed, Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
125Citicorp CenterNew YorkNYHugh Stubbins & Associates; Emery Roth & Sons
126V. C. Morris Gift Shop / Xanadu GallerySan FranciscoCAFrank Lloyd Wright
127Union StationKansas CityMOJarvis HuntBeaux-Arts architecture
128Rookery BuildingChicagoILBurnham and RootChicago school
129Frederick R. Weisman Museum of Art, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNFrank GehryPostmodern / "Blobitecture"
130Douglas HouseHarbor SpringsMIRichard MeierModern
131Aline Barnsdall Hollyhock HouseLos AngelesCAFrank Lloyd Wright
132Pennzoil PlaceHoustonTXPhilip Johnson
133Royalton HotelNew YorkNYPhilippe Starck
134AstrodomeHoustonTX
135Safeco FieldSeattleWA
136Corning Museum of GlassCorningNYGunnar Birkerts
13730th Street StationPhiladelphiaPAGraham, Anderson, Probst and WhiteNeoclassical
138Robie HouseChicagoILFrank Lloyd WrightPrairie School
139Williams Tower (Transco Tower)HoustonTXPhilip Johnson
140Stahl House (Case Study House #22)Los AngelesCAPierre Koenig
141Apple, SoHoNew YorkNYBohlin Cywinski Jackson
142John Hancock TowerBostonMAHenry N. Cobb
143Pennsylvania Station (demolished)New YorkNYMcKim, Mead & White
144Hyatt RegencySan FranciscoCAJohn Portman
145Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company BuildingChicagoILLouis SullivanChicago school
146Museum of Modern ArtNew YorkNY
147Auditorium BuildingChicagoILDankmar Adler and Louis SullivanChicago school
148Brown Palace HotelDenverCOFrank Edbrooke
149David S. Ingalls Rink, Yale UniversityNew HavenCTEero Saarinen
150Battle Hall, U. TexasAustinTXCass GilbertSpanish-Mediterranean Revival

Criticisms

When it was released, critics observed that the list of "favorites" did not reflect the judgments of architectural experts. Upon the list's release, AIA president R.K. Stewart acknowledged that the rankings did not represent architects' professional judgments, but instead reflected people's "emotional connections" to buildings.[4] Buildings named by critics as being some that architects consider to be highly significant, but that did not achieve top 150 ranking in the public survey, included the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, designed by Louis Kahn; the Inland Steel and John Hancock buildings in Chicago; Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Virginia; and the Seagram Building in New York City, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[4][5] John King of the San Francisco Chronicle pointed out that in 1991 the AIA had named Eero Saarinen's design for Dulles Airport as one of ten "all-time works of American architects." King noted that the public's ratings were based on seeing just one photo of each building, and pointed out that "There's more to architecture than a picture can convey."[4]

Structures ranked below the top 150

The 98 buildings that were listed by architects as significant, but did not rank in the top 150 in the public vote, were:[4]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 American Institute of Architects, "About this Exhibit", FavoriteArchitecture.org website
  2. 1 2 American Institute of Architects Releases Poll Showing "America's Favorite Architecture", Building Online, March 15, 2007
  3. American Institute of Architects, FavoriteArchitecture.org website
  4. 1 2 3 4 John King, When it comes to the tops in architecture, it's all about how it makes people feel, San Francisco Chronicle, February 13, 2007
  5. Alex Frangos, Americans' Favorite Buildings, The Wall Street Journal, February 7, 2007

External links

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