List of Prime Ministers of Australia

Below is a list of Prime Ministers of the Commonwealth of Australia.^[1]

The parties shown are those to which the prime ministers belonged at the time they held office and the electoral divisions shown are those they represented while in office. Several prime ministers belonged to parties other than those given and represented other electorates before and after their time as Prime Ministers.

List

Colour key (for political parties)
Protectionist   Labour/Labor   Free Trade   Commonwealth Liberal   Nationalist/United Australia   National Labor Party   Country/National   Liberal

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Portrait	Party	Term of office		Electorate Served	Elections Won	Ministry	Ref
1	Sir Edmund Barton (1849–1920)		Protectionist	1 January 1901	24 September 1903	Hunter, NSW, 1901–1903 (resigned)	1901	Barton	[2]
2	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		Protectionist	24 September 1903	27 April 1904	Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1] 1901–1913 (retired)	1903	1st Deakin	[3]
3	Chris Watson (1867–1941)		Labour	27 April 1904	18 August 1904	Bland, NSW, 1901–1906 South Sydney, NSW, 1906–1910 (retired)	—	Watson	[4]
4	George Reid (1845–1918)		Free Trade	18 August 1904	5 July 1905	East Sydney, NSW, 1901–1909 (resigned)	—	Reid	[5]
(2)	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		Protectionist	5 July 1905	13 November 1908	Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1] 1901–1913 (retired)	—	2nd Deakin
							1906	3rd Deakin
5	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		Labour	13 November 1908	2 June 1909	Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	—	1st Fisher	[6]
(2)	Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)		Commonwealth Liberal	2 June 1909	29 April 1910	Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1] 1901–1913 (retired)	—	4th Deakin
(5)	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		Labor	29 April 1910	24 June 1913	Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	1910	2nd Fisher
6	Joseph Cook (1860–1947)		Commonwealth Liberal	24 June 1913	17 September 1914	Parramatta, NSW, 1901–1921 (resigned)	1913	Cook	[7]
(5)	Andrew Fisher (1862–1928)		Labor	17 September 1914	27 October 1915	Wide Bay, Qld, 1901–1915 (resigned)	1914	3rd Fisher
	Billy Hughes (1862–1952)		Labor	27 October 1915	14 November 1916	West Sydney, NSW, 1901–1917 Bendigo, Vic, 1917–1922 North Sydney, NSW, 1922–1949 Bradfield, NSW, 1949–1952 (died)	—	1st Hughes	[8]
7			National Labor	14 November 1916	17 February 1917		—	2nd Hughes
			Nationalist	17 February 1917	9 February 1923		—	3rd Hughes
							1917	4th Hughes
							1919	5th Hughes
8	Stanley Bruce (1883–1967)		Nationalist (Coalition)	9 February 1923	22 October 1929	Flinders, Vic, 1918–1929 (defeated) ; 1931–1933 (resigned)	1922	1st Bruce	[9]
							1925	2nd Bruce
							1928	3rd Bruce
9	James Scullin (1876–1953)		Labor	22 October 1929	6 January 1932	Corangamite, Vic, 1910–1913 (defeated) Yarra, Vic, 1922–1949 (retired)	1929	Scullin	[10]
10	Joseph Lyons (1879–1939)		United Australia (Coalition)	6 January 1932	7 April 1939†	Wilmot, Tas, 1929–1939 (died)	1931	1st Lyons	[11]
							1934	2nd Lyons
							—	3rd Lyons
							1937	4th Lyons
11	Sir Earle Page (1880–1961)		Country (Coalition)	7 April 1939	26 April 1939	Cowper, NSW 1919–1961 (defeated)	—	Page	[12]
12	Robert Menzies (1894–1978)		United Australia (Coalition)	26 April 1939	28 August 1941	Kooyong, Vic, 1934–1966 (resigned)	—	1st Menzies	[13]
								2nd Menzies
							1940	3rd Menzies
13	Arthur Fadden (1894–1973)		Country (Coalition)	28 August 1941	7 October 1941	Darling Downs, Qld 1936–1949 McPherson, Qld 1949–1958 (retired)	—	Fadden	[14]
14	John Curtin (1885–1945)		Labor	7 October 1941	5 July 1945†	Fremantle, WA, 1928–1931 (defeated) ; 1934–1945 (died)	—	1st Curtin
							1943	2nd Curtin
15	Frank Forde (1890–1983)		Labor	6 July 1945	13 July 1945	Capricornia, Qld, 1922–1946 (defeated)	—	Forde
16	Ben Chifley (1885–1951)		Labor	13 July 1945	19 December 1949	Macquarie, NSW, 1928–1931 (defeated) ; 1940–1951 (died)	—	1st Chifley
							1946	2nd Chifley
(12)	Sir Robert Menzies (1894–1978)		Liberal (Coalition)	19 December 1949	26 January 1966	Kooyong, Vic, 1934–1966 (resigned)	1949	4th Menzies
							1951	5th Menzies
							1954	6th Menzies
							1955	7th Menzies
							1958	8th Menzies
							1961	9th Menzies
							1963	10th Menzies
17	Harold Holt (1908–1967)		Liberal (Coalition)	26 January 1966	19 December 1967†	Fawkner, Vic, 1935–1949 Higgins, Vic, 1949–1967 (disappeared)	—	1st Holt
							1966	2nd Holt
18	John McEwen (1900–1980)		Country (Coalition)	19 December 1967	10 January 1968	Echuca, Vic, 1934–1937 Indi, Vic, 1937–1949 Murray, Vic, 1949–1971 (resigned)	—	McEwen
19	John Gorton (1911–2002)		Liberal (Coalition)	10 January 1968	10 March 1971	Senator 1950–1968 (resigned)[Note 2] MP for Higgins, Vic, 1968–1975 (retired)[Note 3]	—	1st Gorton
							1969	2nd Gorton
20	William McMahon (1908–1988)		Liberal (Coalition)	10 March 1971	5 December 1972	Lowe, NSW, 1949–1982 (resigned)	—	McMahon
21	Gough Whitlam (1916–2014)		Labor	5 December 1972	11 November 1975	Werriwa, NSW, 1952–1978 (resigned)	1972	1st Whitlam
							—	2nd Whitlam
							1974	3rd Whitlam
22	Malcolm Fraser (1930–2015)		Liberal (Coalition)	11 November 1975	11 March 1983	Wannon, Vic, 1955–1983 (resigned)	—	1st Fraser
							1975	2nd Fraser
							1977	3rd Fraser
							1980	4th Fraser
23	Bob Hawke (1929–)		Labor	11 March 1983	20 December 1991	Wills, Vic, 1980–1992 (resigned)	1983	1st Hawke
							1984	2nd Hawke
							1987	3rd Hawke
							1990	4th Hawke
24	Paul Keating (1944–)		Labor	20 December 1991	11 March 1996	Blaxland, NSW, 1969–1996 (resigned)	—	1st Keating
							1993	2nd Keating
25	John Howard (1939–)		Liberal (Coalition)	11 March 1996	3 December 2007	Bennelong, NSW, 1974–2007 (defeated)	1996	1st Howard
							1998	2nd Howard
							2001	3rd Howard
							2004	4th Howard
26	Kevin Rudd (1957–)		Labor	3 December 2007	24 June 2010	Griffith, Qld, 1998–2013 (resigned)	2007	1st Rudd
27	Julia Gillard (1961– )		Labor	24 June 2010	27 June 2013	Lalor, Vic, 1998–2013 (retired)	—	1st Gillard
							2010	2nd Gillard
(26)	Kevin Rudd (1957–)		Labor	27 June 2013	18 September 2013	Griffith, Qld, 1998–2013 (resigned)	—	2nd Rudd
28	Tony Abbott (1957–)		Liberal (Coalition)	18 September 2013	15 September 2015	Warringah, NSW, since 1994	2013	Abbott
29	Malcolm Turnbull (1954–)		Liberal (Coalition)	15 September 2015	Incumbent	Wentworth, NSW, since 2004	—	Turnbull

See also

• Politics of Australia
• History of Australia
• List of Prime Ministers of Australia by time in office

Footnotes

1. The Electoral Division of Ballaarat was spelled with a double a until 1977.
2. Gorton was elected to the Senate at the general election of 10 December 1949, but his term did not commence until 22 February 1950. He was appointed Prime Minister on 10 January 1968; resigned from the Senate on 1 February; and was elected to the House of Representatives at a by-election on 24 February.
3. Gorton retired from the House of Representatives at the double dissolution of 11 November 1975, and stood for an Australian Capital Territory Senate seat as an independent at the general election of 13 December 1975, but was unsuccessful.

References

1. "Prime Minister". Parliamentary Education Office. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
2. Rutledge, Martha. "Barton, Sir Edmund (1849–1920)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
3. Norris, R. (1981). "Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
4. Nairn, Bede (1990). "Watson, John Christian (1867–1941)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
5. McMinn, W. G. "Reid, Sir George Houstoun (9–1918)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
6. Murphy, D. J. "Fisher, Andrew (1862–1928)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
7. Crowley, F. K. "Cook, Sir Joseph (1860–1947)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
8. Fitzhardinge, L. F. "Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862–1952)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
9. Radi, Heather (1979). "Bruce, Stanley Melbourne [Viscount Bruce] (1883–1967)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
10. Robertson, J. R. (1988). "Scullin, James Henry (1876–1953)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
11. Hart, P. R. (1986). "Lyons, Joseph Aloysius (1879–1939)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
12. Bridge, Carl. "Page, Sir Earle Christmas Grafton (1880–1961)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
13. Martin, A. W. "Menzies, Sir Robert Gordon (Bob) (1894–1978)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-11-22.
14. Cribb, Margaret Bridson. "Fadden, Sir Arthur William (1894–1973)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-11-22.

External links

• Official website of the Prime Minister of Australia