List of Surakarta and Yogyakarta nobility titles

This is a list of nobility titles commonly used in Surakarta and Yogyakarta courts, including Mangkunegaran and Pakualaman palaces, as well. As the symbols and centers of Javanese culture, the sovereigns of the both courts still hold high esteem in Javanese society, and Indonesian society in general. The Royal Families are still known with their nobility titles. Many people with distant familial relation to the Palaces also use nobility titles, which sometimes are included in the official register of the names. Abdi dalem with prominent stature are also granted titles. The sovereigns also still grant titles to certain persons deemed helpful in maintaining Javanese traditions and the dignity of the royal courts, even to non-Javanese.[1]

As Indonesia is not a monarchy, the Government of Indonesia does not confer any nobility titles to its citizens. However, nobility titles are still recognized officially as distinct from personal name. This is in contrast with the situation in e.g. Germany or Austria, in which many nobility titles were forced to be used as personal names after the abolition of the monarchies. Minister of Home Affairs' Regulation no. 25 year 2011[2] is one example of such state regulations that recognize and govern the use of nobility titles within Indonesian administration. Even the second vice president of Indonesia (1973-1978) — who was also the sultan of Yogyakarta — was known officially by his regnal name, Hamengkubuwono IX.

This list is created to help readers from non-Javanese background to distinguish the nobility titles from the personal names of inviduals commonly known with their nobility titles. Notable examples are Raden Adjeng (R.A.) Kartini, Raden Panji (R.P.) Soeroso, and M. T. (Mas Tirtodharmo) Haryono.[3]

Note that in Javanese alphabet the phoneme /ɔ/ is written with same letter and sign as 'a'. In Indonesian newspapers the sound /ɔ/ is generally written with the letter 'o', hence allowing for another mistake in pronunciation (with the phoneme /o/.[4] The letter å in this list is used to show such difference and to prevent such mistake. The same purpose is also intended with the use of the letter è to represent /ɛ/. Plain e is pronounced /ə/.

The common abbreviations in Indonesian modern spelling are written next to each of the title.

Titles for Male

Titles for Female

References

  1. ↑ [* http://kelembagaan.pnri.go.id/beranda/berita/prnview_id.php?id=527]
  2. ↑ [State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia Year 2011 No. 362]
  3. ↑ Popularly known as M. T. Haryono, the name given to him by his parents was actually only Haryono. Mas is a nobility title, inherited from his father, while Tirtodarmo was his father's name. Such naming with patronymic included into a person's name was common in early 20th century, coping with Dutch naming convention which saw a person's name with only one word as awkward. cf. Oerip Soemohardjo
  4. ↑ Such difference might seem trivial; however, in some words the meaning of the words are very different e.g. cårå (pronounced /t͡ʃɔrɔ/) means 'manner, way', on the other hand coro (pronounced /t͡ʃoro/) means 'cockroach'. Both words are usually spelled coro in general Indonesian spelling, as in the word pranotocoro (pronounced /pranɔtɔ.t͡ʃɔrɔ/), the 'Master of Ceremony' in traditional Javanese wedding.
  5. ↑ only Sunan of Surakarta and Sultan of Yogyakarta hold this title
  6. ↑ only Mangkunegoro in Surakarta and Sri Pakualam in Yogyakarta hold this title
  7. ↑ only wives of Sunan of Surakarta and Sultan of Yogyakarta hold this title

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Saturday, March 19, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.