List of fern families
Below is a list of fern (Pteridophyta) families, and the genera which are placed in them, using the classification scheme proposed by Smith et al. (2006),[1] placed in the linear order of Christenhusz et al. (2011).[2] Note that Smith et al. (2006) used the more traditional classes as listed below, while Christenhusz et al. (2011) used the corresponding subclasses (shown in square brackets) proposed by Chase and Reveal in 2009.[3] In their proposal, all land plants (embryophytes) are placed in a single class, Equisetopsida, and the ferns (monilophytes) are assigned five of the 14 Equisetopsida subclasses. However, Christenhusz et al. merged the Psilotidae into the Ophioglossidae subclass, leaving four fern subclasses, corresponding to the four classes of Smith et al.
- Class Equisetopsida [or subclass Equisetidae] (horsetails and scouring-rushes)
- Order Equisetales
- Family Equisetaceae
- Genus: Equisetum
- Family Equisetaceae
- Order Equisetales
- Class Psilotopsida [or subclass Ophioglossidae] (whisk ferns, adder's-tongues and moonworts)
- Order Ophioglossales
- Family Ophioglossaceae: (incl. Botrychiaceae)
- Genera: Botrychium, Botrypus, Sceptridium, Helminthostachys, Cheiroglossa, Mankyua, Ophioglossum, Ophioderma
- Family Ophioglossaceae: (incl. Botrychiaceae)
- Order Psilotales
- Family Psilotaceae (incl. Tmesipteridaceae)
- Genera: Psilotum, Tmesipteris
- Family Psilotaceae (incl. Tmesipteridaceae)
- Order Ophioglossales
- Class Marattiopsida [or subclass Marattiidae] (marattioid ferns)
- Order Marattiales
- Family Marattiaceae (incl. Angiopteridaceae, Christenseniaceae, Danaeaceae)
- Genera: Angiopteris, Christensenia, Danaea, Eupodium, Marattia, Ptisana
- Family Marattiaceae (incl. Angiopteridaceae, Christenseniaceae, Danaeaceae)
- Order Marattiales
- Class Polypodiopsida [or subclass Polypodiidae] (leptosporangiate ferns, also called Filicopsida or Pteridopsida)
- Order Osmundales (royal ferns)
- Family Osmundaceae
- Genera: Leptopteris, Osmunda, Osmundastrum, Todea
- Family Osmundaceae
- Order Hymenophyllales (filmy ferns and bristle ferns)
- Family Hymenophyllaceae (incl. Trichomanaceae)
- Genera: Abrodictyum, Callistopteris, Cephalomanes, Crepidomanes, Didymoglossum, Hymenophyllum, Polyphlebium, Trichomanes, Vandenboschia
- Family Hymenophyllaceae (incl. Trichomanaceae)
- Order Gleicheniales
- Family Gleicheniaceae (incl. Stromatopteridaceae)
- Genera: Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Gleichenella, Gleichenia, Sticherus, Stromatopteris
- Family Dipteridaceae (incl. Cheiropleuriaceae)
- Genera: Cheiropleuria, Dipteris
- Family Matoniaceae
- Genera: Matonia, Phanerosorus
- Family Gleicheniaceae (incl. Stromatopteridaceae)
- Order Schizaeales
- Family Lygodiaceae
- Genus: Lygodium
- Family Schizaeaceae
- Genera: Actinostachys, Schizaea
- Family Anemiaceae (incl. Mohriaceae)
- Family Lygodiaceae
- Order Salviniales
- Family Marsileaceae (incl. Pilulariaceae)
- Genera: Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium
- Family Salviniaceae (incl. Azollaceae)
- Family Marsileaceae (incl. Pilulariaceae)
- Order Cyatheales (tree ferns)
- Family Thyrsopteridaceae
- Genus: Thyrsopteris
- Family Loxsomataceae
- Genera: Loxsoma, Loxsomopsis
- Family Culcitaceae
- Genus: Culcita
- Family Plagiogyriaceae
- Genus: Plagiogyria
- Family Cibotiaceae
- Genus: Cibotium
- Family Cyatheaceae (incl. Alsophilaceae, Hymenophyllopsidaceae)
- Genera: Alsophila, Cyathea, Gymnosphaera, Sphaeropteris
- Family Dicksoniaceae (incl. Lophosoriaceae)
- Genera: Calochlaena, Dicksonia, Lophosoria
- Family Metaxyaceae
- Genus: Metaxya
- Family Thyrsopteridaceae
- Order Polypodiales
- Family Lonchitidaceae
- Genus: Lonchitis
- Family Saccolomataceae
- Genera: Orthiopteris, Saccoloma
- Family Cystodiaceae
- Genus: Cystodium
- Family Lindsaeaceae
- Genera: Lindsaea, Nesolindsaea, Odontosoria, Osmolindsaea, Sphenomeris, Tapeinidium, Xyropteris
- Family Dennstaedtiaceae (incl. Hypolepidaceae, Monachosoraceae, Pteridiaceae)
- Genera: Blotiella, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Monachosorum, Oenotrichia, Paesia, Pteridium
- Family Pteridaceae (incl. Pellaeaceae, Adiantaceae, Cheilanthaceae, Ceratopteridaceae, Parkeriaceae, Cryptogrammaceae)
- Subfamily Cryptogrammoideae
- Genera: Coniogramme, Cryptogramma, Llavea
- Subfamily Ceratopteridoideae
- Genera: Acrostichum, Ceratopteris
- Subfamily Pteridoideae
- Genera: Actiniopteris, Anogramma, Aspleniopsis, Austrogramme, Cerosora, Cosentinia, Jamesonia (incl. Eriosorus), Nephopteris, Onychium, Pityrogramma, Pteris, Pterozonium, Syngramma, Taenitis
- Subfamily Cheilanthoideae
- Genera: Adiantopsis, Aleuritopteris, Argyrochosma, Aspidotis, Astrolepis, Bommeria, Calciphilopteris, Cassebeera, Cheilanthes, Cheiloplecton, Doryopteris, Hemionitis, Mildella, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Paragymnopteris, Pellaea, Pentagramma, Trachypteris, Tryonella
- Subfamily Vittarioideae
- Genera: Adiantum, Ananthacorus, Anetium, Antrophyum, Haplopteris, Hecistopteris, Monogramma, Polytaenium, Radiovittaria, Rheopteris, Scoliosorus, Vittaria
- Subfamily Cryptogrammoideae
- Family Cystopteridaceae
- Genera: Acystopteris, Cystoathyrium, Cystopteris, Gymnocarpium
- Family Hemidictyaceae[4]
- Genus: Hemidictyum
- Family Aspleniaceae
- Genera: Asplenium, Hymenasplenium.
- Family Diplaziopsidaceae
- Genera: Diplaziopsis, Homalosorus
- Family Thelypteridaceae
- Genera: Cyclosorus, Macrothelypteris, Phegopteris, Pseudophegopteris, Thelypteris
- Family Woodsiaceae
- Genera: Cheilanthopsis, Hymenocystis, Woodsia
- Family Rhachidosoraceae
- Genus: Rhachidosorus
- Family Onocleaceae
- Genera: Onoclea (incl. Matteuccia, Onocleopsis, Pentarhizidium)
- Family Blechnaceae (incl. Stenochlaenaceae)
- Genera: Blechnum (incl. Doodia), Brainea, Pteridoblechnum, Sadleria, Salpichlaena, Stenochlaena, Woodwardia (Note: the generic delimitation is uncertain. Braianea, Pteridoblechnum and Sadleria should probably be included in Blechnum, whereas Stenochlaena, Salpichlaena and a few species of Blechnum should be united in a separate genus.)
- Family Athyriaceae
- Family Hypodematiaceae
- Genera: Didymochlaena, Hypodematium, Leucostegia
- Family Dryopteridaceae (incl. Aspidiaceae, Bolbitidaceae, Elaphoglossaceae, Peranemataceae)
- Subfamily Dryopteridoideae
- Genera: Acrophorus, Acrorumohra, Adenoderris, Arachniodes, Coveniella, Ctenitis, Cyrtogonellum, Cyrtomidictyum, Cyrtomium, Diacalpe, Dryopolystichum, Dryopsis, Dryopteris, Leptorumohra, Lithostegia, Peranema, Phanerophlebia, Polystichopsis, Polystichum, Revwattsia, Stenolepia
- Subfamily Elaphoglossoideae
- Genera: Arthrobotrya, Bolbitis, Cyclodium, Elaphoglossum, Lastreopsis, Lomagramma, Maxonia, Megalastrum, Mickelia, Olfersia, Polybotrya, Rumohra, Stigmatopteris, Teratophyllum
- Subfamily Dryopteridoideae
- Family Lomariopsidaceae
- Genera: Cyclopeltis, Dracoglossum, Lomariopsis, Thysanosoria
- Family Nephrolepidaceae
- Genus: Nephrolepis
- Family Tectariaceae
- Genera: Aenigmopteris, Arthropteris, Hypoderris, Pleocnemia, Psammiosorus, Psomiocarpa, Pteridrys, Tectaria, Triplophyllum, Wagneriopteris
- Family Oleandraceae
- Genus: Oleandra
- Family Davalliaceae
- Genera: Davallia (incl. Humata), Davallodes
- Family Polypodiaceae (incl. Drynariaceae, Grammitidaceae, Gymnogrammitidaceae, Loxogrammaceae, Platyceriaceae, Pleurisoriopsidaceae)
- Subfamily Loxogrammoideae
- Genus: Dictymia, Loxogramme
- Subfamily Drynarioideae
- Genera: Aglaomorpha, Arthromeris, Christiopteris, Drynaria, Gymnogrammitis, Paraselliguea, Phymatopteris, Polypodiopteris, Selliguea (note: Drynaria, Christiopteris and Aglaomorpha should be united.)
- Subfamily Platycerioideae
- Genera: Platycerium, Pyrrosia
- Subfamily Microsoroideae
- Genera: Dendroconche, Goniophlebium, Kaulinia, Kontumia, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lepisorus, Lepidomicrosorium, Leptochilus, Microsorum, Neocheiropteris, Neolepisorus, Paragramma, Phymatosorus, Podosorus, Thylacopteris, Tricholepidium
- Subfamily Polypodioideae
- Genera: Campyloneurum, Microgramma, Niphidium, Pecluma, Phlebodium, Pleopeltis, Pleurosoriopsis, Polypodium, Serpocaulon, Synammia, and the grammitids: Acrosorus, Adenophorus, Calymmodon, Ceradenia, Chrysogrammitis, Cochlidium, Ctenopterella, Dasygrammitis, Enterosora, Grammitis, Lellingeria, Leucostrichum, Luisma, Melpomene, Micropolypodium, Oreogrammitis, Prosaptia (incl. Ctenopteris), Radiogrammitis, Scleroglossum (incl. Nematopteris), Terpsichore, Themelium, Tomophyllum, Xiphopterella, Xiphoteris, Zygophlebia
- Subfamily Loxogrammoideae
- Family Lonchitidaceae
- Order Osmundales (royal ferns)
References
- ↑ Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider & Paul G. Wolf (2006). "A classification for extant ferns" (PDF). Taxon 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646.
- ↑ Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa 19: 7–54.
- ↑ Mark W. Chase & James L. Reveal (2009). "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 122–127. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x.
- ↑ Maarten J. M. Christenhusz & Harald Schneider (2011). "Corrections to Phytotaxa 19: Linear sequence of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa 28: 50–52.