Maneka Gandhi

Maneka Gandhi
मेनका गाँधी

Maneka Gandhi in May 2014
Minister of Women and Child Development
Assumed office
26 May 2014
Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Preceded by Krishna Tirath
Member of Parliament
Assumed office
16 May 2014
Preceded by Varun Gandhi
Constituency Pilibhit
In office
2009–2014
Preceded by Sarvraj Singh
Succeeded by Dharmendra Kashyap
Constituency Aonla
In office
1996–2009
Preceded by Parshuram Gangwar
Succeeded by Varun Gandhi
Constituency Pilibhit
In office
1989–1991
Preceded by Bhanu Pratap Singh
Succeeded by Parshuram Gangwar
Constituency Pilibhit
Minister of State – Independent Charge (Programme Implementation and Statistics)
In office
18 November 2001 – 30 June 2002
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Minister of State – Independent Charge (Culture)
In office
1 September 2001 – 18 November 2001
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment
In office
13 October 1999 – 1 September 2001
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Personal details
Born (1956-08-26) 26 August 1956
New Delhi, India
Political party Bharatiya Janata Party
Spouse(s) Sanjay Gandhi
Children Varun Gandhi
Residence New Delhi, India
Religion Sikh[1][2]
As of 27 May, 2014
Source: Government of India

Maneka Sanjay Gandhi (née Anand; born 26 August 1956, Delhi, India) is the Indian Union Cabinet Minister for Women & Child Development in the Government of PM Narendra Modi. She is also an animal rights activist, environmentalist, and widow of the Indian politician, Sanjay Gandhi. She has been a minister in four governments, and has authored a number of books in the areas of etymology, law and animal welfare. Maneka Gandhi is a member of the Nehru-Gandhi Family.

Early life

While some old news articles report that she subsequently studied German with the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.,[3] there are conflicting reports that claim she finished her education only up to matriculation.[4] Interestingly while filing her nomination papers for elections, she has disclosed that she only holds an ISC (Indian School Certificate), which is the final examination administered in Indian schools at the age of 17-18.[5] Maneka married Sanjay Gandhi, the son of the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on 23 September 1974.[6]

She went to court to fight an attempt by the government in power at the time to confiscate her passport and won a landmark decision on personal liberty. In the case of Maneka Gandhi v Union of India,[7] the court found that "Democracy is based essentially on free debate and open discussion, for that is the only corrective of government action in a democratic setup."

She gave birth to a son in 1980 named Feroze after his grandfather on his father's side. Her mother-in-law added the name Varun. Maneka was just twenty-three years old and her son, just 100 days old, when her husband, Sanjay, died in an air crash.[8]

Environmental activism

Maneka Gandhi is a self-described environmentalist and animal rights leader in India.[9] She has earned international awards and acclaim.[10] She was appointed chairwoman of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) in 1995. Under her direction, CPCSEA members carried unannounced inspections of laboratories where animals are used for scientific research were conducted.

She has filed Public Interest Litigations that have achieved the replacement of the municipal killing of homeless dogs with a sterilisation programme, the unregulated sale of airguns and a ban on mobile or travelling zoos. She currently chairs the Jury of International Energy Globe Foundation which meets annually in Austria to award the best environmental innovations of the year. She is a member of the Eurosolar Board and the Wuppertal Institute, Germany.

She started the organisation People for Animals[11] in 1992 and it is the largest organisation for animal rights/welfare in India. Maneka Gandhi is also a patron of International Animal Rescue. She is a vegan[12] and has advocated this lifestyle on ethical and health grounds. She also anchored the weekly television program Heads and Tails, highlighting the suffering meted out to animals due to their commercial exploitation. She has also authored a book under the same title. Her other books were about Indian people names. She is a cast member for the documentary A Delicate Balance.[13]

She is chairperson of Rugmark which works to rehabilitate children in the carpet trade. Rugmark has won awards for rescuing the maximum number of bonded child labour.

Career in journalism

As a journalist, Maneka Gandhi made headlines for her shocking publication in Surya Magazine of photos showing sexual intercourse between Suresh Ram (son of the then Defence Minister Babu Jagjivan Ram) and Sushma Chaudhury, a University of Delhi student.[14] Her daring publication of the photos ran the risk of violation of obscenity laws. The revealing pictures[15] were published apparently to discredit Jagjivan Ram, who defected from the Indira Gandhi government and helped bring Janata Party to power in 1977. He was one of the contenders for the post of Prime Minister of India.[16]

Electoral History of Maneka Gandhi

1989-91 - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected on a Janata Dal party ticket
1996-98 - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected on a Janata Dal party ticket
1998–99 - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected as an Independent Candidate
1999–2004 - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected as an Independent Candidate
2004-09 - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected on a Bharatiya Janata Party ticket
2009-14 - Member of Lok Sabha from Aonla (Lok Sabha constituency), elected on a Bharatiya Janata Party ticket
2014- - Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit (Lok Sabha constituency), elected on a Bharatiya Janata Party ticket

Positions held

Awards

See also

References

  1. ↑ Kaul, Vivek (4 April 2009). "Varun Gandhi is one-fourth Hindu". DNA. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  2. ↑ "Radical Sikh outfit writes to Maneka on Varun's remarks". Central Chronicle. Retrieved 27 March 2009. The organisation has described as absurd Ms Gandhi's statement that she was proud of being a Sikh and Sikhism was founded to defend Hindus and that there was hardly any difference between a Sikh and a Hindu.
  3. ↑ "Mrs Gandhi's son to marry". St. Josephs News Press. 29 July 1974. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  4. ↑ "Lawyers dominate Narendra Modi's cabinet - The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2014-06-08. Retrieved 2014-08-18.
  5. ↑ "Detailed Profile - Smt. Maneka Gandhi - Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha) - Who's Who - Government: National Portal of India". Archive.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2014-08-18.
  6. ↑ Singh, Kushwant (10 February 2002). "Mrs. G, Maneka and the Anands". The Tribune. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  7. ↑ "Maneka Gandhi vs Union of India, 1978 AIR 597". Supreme Court of India. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  8. ↑ Basu, Arundhati (6 August 2005). "Art of commitment". The Telegraph (Calcutta, India).
  9. ↑ Biographical Sketch
  10. ↑ See, e.g., Gandhi's MP "Biographical Sketch" in which her profession is described as "Writer, Animal Activist and Environmentalist". See also, "Indian Scion Speaks Out, and Uproar Follows Him" (NYT, 2 April 2009) which states: "Maneka Gandhi has cultivated a reputation as an animal rights champion."
  11. ↑ "PEOPLE FOR ANIMALS". peopleforanimalsindia.org.
  12. ↑ Will we have a night safari? Interview
  13. ↑ "The cast from A Delicate balance - the Truth". adelicatebalance.com.au. Archived from the original on 13 October 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  14. ↑ Maneka centrespreads sex romp
  15. ↑ Sexually explicit photos showing Suresh Ram and Sushma Chaudhary in compromising positions.
  16. ↑ A tale of sex and politics!
  17. ↑ "Award for Maneka Gandhi". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 24 November 2010.
  18. ↑ "MYLAPORE TIMES". mylaporetimes.com.
  19. ↑ India News – News from India, Latest India News, Online India News Headlines
Lok Sabha
Preceded by
Bhanu Pratap Singh		 Member of Parliament
for Pilibhit
1989 – 1991 		Succeeded by
Parshuram Gangwar
Preceded by
Parshuram Gangwar		 Member of Parliament
for Pilibhit
1996 – 2009 		Succeeded by
Varun Gandhi
Preceded by
Sarvraj Singh		 Member of Parliament
for Aonla
2009 – 2014 		Succeeded by
Dharmendra Kashyap
Preceded by
Varun Gandhi		 Member of Parliament
for Pilibhit
2014 – Present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by
Krishna Tirath
Minister of State (Independent Charge)		 Minister of Women and Child Development
26 May 2014 – present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent

External links

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