Mongolian General Purpose Force

Mongolian General Purpose Force
Монгол Улсын Ерөнхий Цэргийн Хүчин
Mongol tug in Sukhbaatar Square.
Active 1992 – present
Country  Mongolia
Allegiance Ministry of Defence
Type Army
Size 8,900 active personnel[1]
Part of Mongolian Armed Forces

General Purpose Force of the Mongolians (Mongolian: Монгол Улсын Ерөнхий Цэргийн Хүчин, Mongol Ulsyn Eronhii Tsergiin Hüchin) is the land force of the Armed Forces of the Mongolia, formed from parts of the collapsing Mongolian People's Army in 1992.

History

For the early history of the Mongolian General Purpose Force, see Mongolian People's Army.
A Mongolian soldier performs during the opening ceremony for exercise Khaan Quest 2013 at the Five Hills Training Area in Mongolia Aug. 3, 2013.
An honor guard salutes during Jan. 13 welcoming ceremonies for Air Force Gen. Richard B. Myers, who became the first Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman to visit the ally.

At present Mongolia's armed forces have become more compact and professional since obligatory military service was replaced with the alternative between military and other service. The general purpose troops, a core of the armed forces, are the main force to defend the country by military means. In peacetime, the general purpose troops direct their activities toward ensuring the mobilization readiness of the Mongolian Armed Forces, providing military training for the population, forming personnel resources, and organizing the maintenance, protection and servicing of military equipment and material reserves. Depending on the organizational specifics of military units and organizations, the general purpose troops are divided into combat, on-combat-duty, training, training combat, and stockpile and service units.

As a result of reform processes started in 1997, main units of the Mongolian Armed Forces were reorganized into brigades. In peacetime, sub-units of brigades have a mixed personnel organization, i.e. of constant combat readiness, training, and under strength. At present, the general purpose troops of the armed forces comprise motor rifle brigades, artillery brigade, independent motor rifle battalion, independent combat aircraft unit and other combat and combat supply and service units.

The 016 Mechanised Brigade has been reported as the oldest formation of the Mongolian army, stationed at Sergelene near Ulan Bator.[2]

In 1997 the Mongolian Armed Forces had in service 650 tanks, 120 light armored reconnaissance vehicles, 400 armored infantry fighting vehicles, 300 armored personnel carriers, 300 towed artillery, 130 multiple rocket launchers, 140 mortars, and 200 anti-tank guns.

Mongolia deployed its troops to peacekeeping operations in Iraq and Afghanistan with 1970’s Soviet style of weapons, transportation, and equipment. Although Mongolian troops are highly skilled on that weapon and equipment, they are not interoperable with the rest of the coalition members. Except for the United States provided Harris Corporation communications equipment, Mongolia had no other equipment which was interoperable.

On January 14–18, 2008, Chief of the General Staff of the MAF Lieutenant General Tsevegsuren Togoo signed an agreement for acquisition of equipment and vehicles from Russia for 120 million US dollars during his official visit to Moscow, Russia.

Peacekeeping missions

Afghan National Army (ANA) artillerymen are advised by Mongolian soldiers during a training exercise May 12, 2010. ANA artillery soldiers go through a 3-week course that trains them on command and control of heavy weapons and artillery at Kabul Military Training Center.

Mongolian armed forces are performing peacekeeping missions in South Sudan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Congo, Eritrea, Western Sahara and Afghanistan, and with the United Nations Mission in Liberia. In 2005/2006, Mongolian troops also served as part of the Belgian KFOR contingent in Kosovo. From 2009 Mongolian Armed Forces deploying its largest peace keeping mission to Chad and the government is planning to deploy its first fully self-sufficient UN mission there in mid-2011.

On November 17, 2009, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Partnership Strategy and Stability Operations, James Schear had lunch with Col. Ontsgoibayar and selected troops from the 150th Peacekeeping Battalion under his command, bound for Chad on November 20, 2009.[3] Afterwards Schear visited the Five Hills Regional Training Center, which hosts numerous combined multinational training opportunities for peacekeepers.

Capability

Mongolian Army soldiers salute while their nation's flag waves in the breeze at the Transit Center. The soldiers stayed at Manas for several days before moving forward to Afghanistan is support of Operation Enduring Freedom.
CAMP EGGERS, Afghanistan (18 March 2010) - Members of the Mongolian Expeditionary Task Force 1 stand in formation for Mongolian Army Day. Mongolian Army Day is an annual event that has occurred since 1921.
Mongolian soldiers cordon and search a small town at the Five Hills Training Center near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, Aug. 6, 2007.
Members of the Mongolian Armed Forces and Internal Forces practice crowd control techniques as a part of Non-Lethal Weapons Executive Seminar 2010 at 5 Hills Training Facility, Mongolia, June 30, 2010.
Mongolian Armed Forces engineers with the 017 Construction Regiment receive instructions before participating in Khaan Quest 2013 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, July 22, 2013.
Mongolian soldiers march past an international delegation during the closing ceremony for Khaan Quest 2013 at Five Hills Training Area, Mongolia, Aug. 14, 2013.
A Mongolian Mobile Training Team member reviews some of the features of the SPG-9 recoilless gun, an anti-tank weapon system, with Afghan National Army soldiers prior to a live-fire weapons demonstration, Sept. 2, at the Camp Scenic weapons range near the Darulaman Infantry School in Kabul, Afghanistan.
Mongolian army BTR-60PB.
Mongolian Powerstar truck in Mongolian military service.

The Ground Forces possess over 470 tanks, 650 Infantry Fighting Vehicles and armored personnel carriers, 500 mobile anti-aircraft weapons, more than 700 artillery and mortar and other military equipment. Most of them are old Soviet Union models designed between the late 1950s to early 1980s. There are a smaller number of newer models designed in post-Soviet Russia.

Name Origin Type Quantity Notes
Tanks
T-54/55  Soviet Union Main Battle Tank370[4]
T-72A[5]  Soviet UnionMain Battle Tank50[6][7]
Infantry Fighting Vehicles
BMP-1  Soviet UnionInfantry Fighting Vehicle310[4]
Armored cars
BRDM-2  Soviet UnionAmphibious Armoured Scout Car120[4]
Armored Personnel Carriers
BTR-60  Soviet UnionArmored Personnel Carrier150[4][6] Most of them are BTR-60PB
BTR-70M[8]  Soviet UnionArmored Personnel Carrier40[6]
BTR-80M[9]  RussiaArmored Personnel Carrier20[6]
Multiple Rocket Launchers
BM-21 Grad  Soviet Union 122 mm Multiple Rocket Launcher 130[4]
Towed artillery
D-30
D-44
M-30
M-46
ML-20 		 Soviet Union 122 mm Howitzer
85 mm Divisional Gun
122 mm Howitzer
130 mm Towed Field Gun
152 mm Howitzer Gun 		300[4]
Mortars
BM-37
PM-43
M-160 		 Soviet Union 82 mm Calibre Mortar
120 mm Calibre Smoothbore Mortar
160 mm Divisional Mortar 		140[4]
Anti-tank gun
SPG-9
D-48
BS-3
T-12 		 Soviet Union 73 mm Anti-Tank Gun
85 mm Anti-Tank Gun
100 mm Field Gun
100 mm Anti-Tank Gun 		200[4]

Infantry Weapons

Photo Name Origin Type Notes
Pistols
TT  Soviet Union 7.62×25mm pistol In storage[10]
Makarov PM  Soviet Union 9×18mm pistol Standard issue pistol[10]
PSM  Soviet Union 5.45×18mm pistol Special Military and Police use.[10]
Submachine Guns
PP-93  Russia 9×18mm submachine gun Special Forces Only[11][12]
Assault Rifles
AK-47  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm assault rifle In storage[10]
AKM  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm assault rifle Standard Issue Rifle[10]
AKMS  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm assault rifle In use with Armored crews and support troops[10]
AK-74  Soviet Union 5.45×39mm assault rifle Special Forces Only[10]
AKS-74U  Soviet Union 5.45×39mm assault rifle Special Forces Only[10]
9A-91  Russia 9×39mm assault rifle Special Forces Only[13][14]
IMI Galil  Israel 5.56×45mm NATO assault rifle Special Forces Only[15][16]
Machine Guns
PKM  Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR machine gun [10]
RPK  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm machine gun [17]
SG-43  Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR machine gun [10]
RPD  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm machine gun [18]
NSV  Soviet Union 12.7×108mm machine gun [19]
DShK  Soviet Union 12.7×108mm machine gun [20]
Semi-automatic rifles
SKS  Soviet Union 7.62×39mm semi-automatic rifle Honor Guards Only[21]
Sniper Rifles
Dragunov SVD  Soviet Union 7.62×54mmR sniper rifle [22]
VSK-94  Russia 9×39mm sniper rifle Special Forces Only[23]
IMI Galatz  Israel 7.62×51mm NATO sniper rifle Special Forces Only[24]
Grenade Launchers
RG-6  Russia 40mm grenade launcher Special Forces Only[23]
GM-94  Russia 43mm grenade launcher Special Forces Only[24]
Rocket-propelled grenades
RPG-7  Soviet Union rocket-propelled grenade launcher [10]

References

  1. ↑ The Military Balance 2013
  2. ↑ http://survincity.com/2012/07/the-mongolian-army-was-t-72-tanks-and-btr-70m/
  3. ↑ Cable 09ULAANBAATAR332, 18 November 2009
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The Military Balance 2012. — P. 267.
  5. ↑ bmpd – Монгольская армия получает танки Т-72 и БТР-70М. Bmpd.livejournal.com (2012-09-23). Retrieved on 2012-12-18.
  6. 1 2 3 4 SIPRI
  7. ↑ http://bmpd.livejournal.com/1694496.html
  8. ↑ bmpd – Монгольская армия получает танки Т-72 и БТР-70М. Bmpd.livejournal.com. Retrieved on 2012-12-18.
  9. ↑ news — БХ-ын сайд тайлангаа тавив. News.mn. Retrieved on 2013-1-25.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
  11. ↑ http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/31/mmke.jpg/
  12. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JECK1m-YeWk
  13. ↑ http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/845/zql6.jpg/
  14. ↑ http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/u/TvyamNb-BivtNwcoxtkc5xGBuGkIMh_nj4UJHQKuq1-DlSWWLXZfhr2a7JejKkR-99FHaQ1s0TDW/
  15. ↑ http://www.shuud.mn/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/352.jpg
  16. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECB_XX4NEzM
  17. ↑ http://www.defenseimagery.mil/imagery.html;jsessionid=717EA410EC7024DF88659819C061B880#guid=d9aa514e67a1ca4557f7bb646b8488217f594dd5
  18. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQzk1xSAO3s
  19. ↑ bmpd – Монгольская армия получает танки Т-72 и БТР-70М. Bmpd.livejournal.com (2012-09-23). Retrieved on 2013-06-04.
  20. ↑ Mongolian military museum. Ulaanbaatar. Sights of intersest
  21. ↑ http://www.defense.gov/news/Jan2004/200401132f.jpg
  22. ↑ Dragunov dot net - SVD rifles in use in. dragunov.net. Retrieved on 2013-06-08.
  23. 1 2 http://img195.imageshack.us/img195/2406/mongoliansf2.jpg
  24. 1 2 http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/14/af2p.jpg/

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