Natriuresis

Natriuresis is the process of excretion of sodium in the urine via action of the kidneys.^[1] Natriuresis is promoted (more sodium is excreted) by ventricular and atrial natriuretic peptides as well as calcitonin,^[2] and it is inhibited (sodium is conserved) by chemicals such as aldosterone. Natriuresis lowers the concentration of sodium in the blood and also tends to lower blood volume because osmotic forces make water follow sodium out of the body's blood circulation and into the urine. Many diuretic drugs take advantage of this mechanism to treat medical conditions like hypernatremia and hypertension.

Excess natriuresis can be caused by:

• Medullary cystic disease
• Bartter syndrome
• Diuretic phase of acute tubular necrosis
• Some diuretics
• Primary renal diseases
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone hypersecretion

References

1. "natriuresis". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
2. Boron, Walter F. and Boulpaep, Emile L. "Medical Physiology". Saunders, 2012, p.1108.

Further reading

• Granger, JP; Alexander, BT; Llinas, M (2002). "Mechanisms of pressure natriuresis". Current hypertension reports 4 (2): 152–9. doi:10.1007/s11906-002-0040-3. PMID 11884271.
• Hall, J. E.; Mizelle, H. L.; Hildebrandt, D. A.; Brands, M. W. (1990). "Abnormal pressure natriuresis. A cause or a consequence of hypertension?". Hypertension 15 (6_Pt_1): 547–59. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.15.6.547. PMID 1971810.