Pioneer Venus project

Main articles: Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Pioneer Venus Multiprobe

Cloud structure in the Venusian atmosphere in 1979, revealed by ultraviolet observations by Pioneer Venus Orbiter

The Pioneer Venus project was part of the Pioneer program consisting of two spacecraft, the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and the Pioneer Venus Multiprobe, launched to Venus in 1978. The program was managed by NASA's Ames Research Center.

The Pioneer Venus Orbiter entered orbit around Venus on December 4, 1978, and performed observations to characterize the atmosphere and surface of Venus. It continued to transmit data until October 1992.

The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe deployed four small probes into the Venusian atmosphere on December 9, 1978. All four probes transmitted data throughout their descent to the surface. One probe survived landing and transmitted data from the surface for over an hour.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pioneer Venus project.

NASA: Pioneer Venus Project Information
Pioneer Venus Program Page by NASA's Solar System Exploration
NSSDC Master Catalog: Spacecraft Pioneer Venus Probe Bus. (Other components of the mission have their own pages at this site too.)
Several articles in Science (1979), 205, pages 41-121
Kasprzak, W. T - The Pioneer Venus Orbiter: 11 years of data. (May 1, 1990) - NASA
Art for the mission

Venus

Geography

General

Regions

Regio	Alpha Regio Asteria Regio Beta Regio Ovda Regio

Terrae	Aphrodite Terra Ishtar Terra Lada Terra

Mountains
and
volcanoes

Plains and
plateaus

Canyons and
valleys

Craters

Other

Moons

Neith (hypothetical moon)

Astronomy

General	Aspects Orbit Phases

Transits	1639 1769 1874 1882 2004 2012

Asteroids	Venus-crosser asteroid 2002 VE68

Exploration

Past	Sputnik programme Sputnik 7 Venera program Venera 1 Sputnik 19 Sputnik 20 Sputnik 21 Kosmos 21 Venera 1964A Kosmos 27 Venera 2 Venera 3 Kosmos 96 Venera 4 Kosmos 167 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Kosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15 Venera 16 Mariner program Mariner 1 Mariner 2 Mariner 5 Mariner 10 Zond program Zond 1 Pioneer Venus Pioneer Venus Orbiter/Pioneer 12 Pioneer Venus Multiprobe/Pioneer 13 Vega program Vega 1 Vega 2 Magellan Galileo Cassini–Huygens IKAROS MESSENGER Shin'en Venus Express

Current	Akatsuki

Planned	BepiColombo Venera-D

Proposed	DAVINCI European Venus Explorer Mercury-P Venus In Situ Explorer Venus orbiter mission VERITAS

Proposed manned	Colonization Inspiration Mars (flyby) Terraforming

Other	Artificial objects on Venus

Book
Category
Commons
Portal

Pioneer program

Early missions	Pioneer 0 Pioneer 1 Pioneer 2 Pioneer 3 Pioneer 4 Pioneer P-1 (W) Pioneer P-3 (X) Pioneer P-30 (Y) Pioneer P-31 (Z) Pioneer 5 (P-2)

Later missions	Pioneer 6, 7, 8, 9, and E Pioneer 10 Pioneer 11 Pioneer H

Venus missions	Pioneer Venus project Pioneer Venus Orbiter Pioneer Venus Multiprobe

See also	Pioneer plaque Pioneer anomaly

Spacecraft missions to Venus

Orbiters

Flybys

Descent probes

Landers

Balloon probes

Failed at launch

Planned flybys

Proposed

Orbiters & probes	DAVINCI HAVOC Venera-D Venus In Situ Explorer Venus orbiter mission VERITAS

Flybys	Inspiration Mars Mercury-P Laplace-P Uranus orbiter and probe

Cancelled

Program overviews

Italics indicates active current missions. ^† indicates failure en-route or before any data returned.

NASA

Policy and history

History	NACA (1915) National Aeronautics and Space Act (1958) Space Task Group (1958) Paine (1986) Rogers (1986) Ride (1987) Space Exploration Initiative (1989) Augustine (1990) U.S. National Space Policy (1996) CFUSAI (2002) CAIB (2003) Vision for Space Exploration (2004) Aldridge (2004) Augustine (2009)

General	Space Race Administrator and Deputy Administrator Chief Scientist Astronaut Corps Budget Spin-off technologies NASA TV NASA Social Launch Services Program Kennedy Space Center Vehicle Assembly Building Launch Complex 39 Launch Control Center Johnson Space Center Mission Control Lunar Sample Laboratory

Robotic programs

Past	Hitchhiker Mariner Mariner Mark II MESUR Mars Surveyor '98 New Millennium Lunar Orbiter Pioneer Planetary Observer Ranger Surveyor Viking Project Prometheus Mars Scout

Current	Living With a Star Lunar Precursor Robotic Program Earth Observing System Great Observatories program Explorer Small explorer Voyager Discovery New Frontiers Mars Exploration Rover

Human spaceflight
programs

Past	X-15 (suborbital) Mercury Gemini Apollo Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (with USSR) Skylab Shuttle–Mir (with Russia) Space Shuttle program Constellation program

Current	International Space Station program Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) Orion

Individual featured
missions
(human and robotic)

Past	COBE Apollo 11 Mercury 3 Mercury-Atlas 6 Magellan Pioneer 10/11 Galileo GALEX GRAIL WMAP Space Shuttle LADEE MESSENGER Aquarius

Currently operating	MRO Mars Odyssey Dawn New Horizons Kepler International Space Station Hubble Space Telescope Spitzer RHESSI SWIFT THEMIS Mars Exploration Rover Curiosity rover timeline Opportunity rover observed Cassini GOES 14 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter GOES 15 Van Allen Probes SDO Juno Mars Science Laboratory timeline NuSTAR Voyager 1/2 WISE MAVEN MMS

Future	NPP James Webb Space Telescope WFIRST InSight OSIRIS-REx Asteroid Retrieval and Utilization Mars 2020 NISAR Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite Europa Multiple-Flyby Mission

Communications
and Navigation

NASA lists

Category
Commons
Portal

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Pioneer Venus project

See also

External links