Proamanullin

Proamanullin
Names

Other names 2-L-Proline-3-isoleucine-alpha-amanitin
Identifiers
CAS Number	54532-46-6^Y
ChemSpider	48308194^N
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	171350
InChI InChI=1S/C39H54N10O11S/c1-5-18(3)31-36(57)42-15-29(52)43-26-17-61(60)38-22(21-10-9-20(50)12-23(21)46-38)13-24(33(54)41-16-30(53)47-31)44-37(58)32(19(4)6-2)48-35(56)27-8-7-11-49(27)39(59)25(14-28(40)51)45-34(26)55/h9-10,12,18-19,24-27,31-32,46,50H,5-8,11,13-17H2,1-4H3,(H2,40,51)(H,41,54)(H,42,57)(H,43,52)(H,44,58)(H,45,55)(H,47,53)(H,48,56)/t18-,19-,24-,25-,26-,27-,31-,32-,61?/m0/s1^N Key: CTYHFRWAIRSHQT-YRDOMICZSA-N^N InChI=1/C39H54N10O11S/c1-5-18(3)31-36(57)42-15-29(52)43-26-17-61(60)38-22(21-10-9-20(50)12-23(21)46-38)13-24(33(54)41-16-30(53)47-31)44-37(58)32(19(4)6-2)48-35(56)27-8-7-11-49(27)39(59)25(14-28(40)51)45-34(26)55/h9-10,12,18-19,24-27,31-32,46,50H,5-8,11,13-17H2,1-4H3,(H2,40,51)(H,41,54)(H,42,57)(H,43,52)(H,44,58)(H,45,55)(H,47,53)(H,48,56)/t18-,19-,24-,25-,26-,27-,31-,32-,61?/m0/s1 Key: CTYHFRWAIRSHQT-YRDOMICZBU
SMILES O=C(NCC(N[C@@](C(NCC(N[C@@H](C3)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N5[C@H]4CCC5)=O)=O)=O)=O)([H])[C@@H](C)CC)=O)[C@H](CC1=C(S3=O)NC2=C1C=CC(O)=C2)NC([C@@]([C@@H](C)CC)([H])N[C@@]4=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	C₃₉H₅₄N₁₀O₁₁S
Molar mass	870.97 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless, odorless
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

Promanullin is a cyclic nonribosomal peptide. It is an amatoxin, all of which are found in several members of the Amanita genus of mushrooms.

Toxicology

Like other amatoxins, proamanullin is an inhibitor of RNA polymerase II. Promanullin has a specific attraction to the enzyme RNA polymerase II. Upon ingestion, it binds to the RNA polymerase II enzyme, effectively causing cytolysis of hepatocytes (liver cells).^[1]

References

↑ Cochet-Meilhac M, Chambon P (June 1974). "Animal DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. 11. Mechanism of the inhibition of RNA polymerases B by amatoxins". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 353 (2): 160–84. doi:10.1016/0005-2787(74)90182-8. PMID 4601749.

External links

Amatoxins REVISED

Poisoning from Amanitas

sect.
Amanita

Species	A. albocreata A. crenulata A. farinosa A. frostiana A. gemmata A. multisquamosa A. muscaria A. pantherina A. porphyria A. regalis A. strobiliformis A. xanthocephala

Compounds	Toxins: Ibotenic Acid Muscimol Other compounds: Muscarine Muscazone Amavadine

sect.
Phalloidea

Species

Destroying angels	A. bisporigera A. exitialis A. magnivelaris A. ocreata A. verna A. virosa A. virosiformis

Other members	A. arocheae A. phalloides A. subjunquilea

Compounds

Amatoxins	Amanitins alpha- beta- gamma- epsilon- Amanullin Amanullinic acid Amaninamide Amanin Proamanullin

Phallotoxins	Phallacidin Phallacin Phallisacin Phallisin Phalloidin Phalloin Prophalloin

Virotoxins	Alaviroidin Viroisin Deoxoviroisin Viroidin Deoxoviroidin

Other compounds	Antamanide Phallolysin Toxophallin

sect.
Lepidella

Species	A. nauseosa A. proxima A. smithiana A. sphaerobulbosa A. thiersii

Compounds	Allenic norleucine (2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid) Propargylglycine

sect.
Validae

Species	A. rubescens (A. amerirubescens nom. prov.)

Compounds	Rubescenslysin

Toxins

Clostridium:	tetani Tetanospasmin Tetanolysin perfringens Alpha toxin Enterotoxin difficile A B botulinum Botox

other:	Anthrax toxin Listeriolysin O

Cocci

Streptolysin Leukocidin Panton-Valentine leukocidin

Staphylococcus	Staphylococcus aureus alpha/beta/delta Exfoliatin Toxic shock syndrome toxin Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)

Plant toxins

Invertebrate toxins

scorpion:	Androctonus australis hector insect toxin Charybdotoxin Maurotoxin Agitoxin Margatoxin Slotoxin Scyllatoxin Hefutoxin Lq2 Birtoxin Bestoxin BmKAEP Phaiodotoxin Imperatoxin Pi3

spider:	Latrotoxin Alpha-latrotoxin CSTX Cupiennins PhTx3 Stromatoxin Vanillotoxin Huwentoxin

mollusca:	Conotoxin Eledoisin Onchidal Saxitoxin Tetrodotoxin

Vertebrate toxins

fish:	Ciguatera Tetrodotoxin

amphibian:	(+)-Allopumiliotoxin 267A Batrachotoxin Bufotoxins Arenobufagin Bufotalin Bufotenin Cinobufagin Marinobufagin Epibatidine Histrionicotoxin Pumiliotoxin 251D Samandarin Samandaridine Tarichatoxin

reptile/snake venom:	Bungarotoxin Alpha-Bungarotoxin Beta-Bungarotoxin Calciseptine Taicatoxin Calcicludine Cardiotoxin III

note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species

Category
Commons
WikiProject

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Proamanullin

Toxicology

See also

References

External links