Sukma Games

For Malaysia at the worldwide Olympic Games, see Malaysia at the Olympics.

Sukma Games

First event	1986
Occur every	2 years
Purpose	National multi-sport event in Malaysia
Last event	2014 Sukma Games in Kangar, Perlis
Games
1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

The Sukma Games is a sporting event in Malaysia, held once every two years. Sukma is an acronym for Sukan Malaysia; literally Malaysian Games, in other words this event is often viewed as a high-end national level competition and is usually referred to as the "Malaysian Olympics". The first Games was held in 1986 in Kuala Lumpur. The games have been held biannually since its inaugural event in 1986, although Kuala Lumpur hosted the games in 2011 and 2013 for optional sports of the 2012 edition and 2014 edition respectively, making it apparently held annually at those times. Participants of the event are picked from a competitive pool of possible strong elite athletes for each respective state and are usually extremely proficient and skilled in their own respective disciplines.^[1]

Background

The Sukma Games is a multi-sports events held biannually and is the largest and prestige tournament in Malaysia. The tournament is held at every alternate year with Southeast Asian Games to explore new talents of the athletes highly potential to represent the nation at international sporting events.

The Sukma Games rose from the proposal of the then Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports, Anwar Ibrahim in 1983. At first, the proposal consisted of sports such as tennis, table tennis, cycling, athletics and volleyball, but due to popularity and fame, the sports and number of events increased.^[2]

The Sukma Games concept is initiated to shape a united multi-racial society across the nation. The games fulfilled the Malaysia corporation concept where the government, sporting bodies, National Sports Council and non-governmental organizations are involved in managing its sponsorship.

Participating contingent

The Participating Contingent are mainly states and federal territories within Malaysia. Some national organisations and Foreign Affiliates have been invited to certain Sukma Games Edition. Eventually, as time passes all invitational teams except Brunei have been ceased to participate in any Sukma Games followed by individual Federal Territories of Malaysia which the latter had been merged into a single team starts 2006. Participating Contingent with their respective Sukma Games Code are as below.

Brunei (BRU)¹
Federal Territory (WIL)
Johor (JOH)
Kedah (KED)
Kelantan (KEL)
Kuala Lumpur (KUL)² ³
Labuan (LBN)² ³
Malacca (MEL)
Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM)³

Majlis Sukan Universiti-Universiti Malaysia (MASUM) (MSU) ³
Majlis Sukan Sekolah-Sekolah Malaysia (MSSM / MSS)³
Negeri Sembilan (NSE)
Northern Territory (NTE)³ ⁴
Pahang (PAH)
Perak (PRK)

Perlis (PER)
Penang (PEN)
Putrajaya (PJY)² ³
Royal Malaysian Police (POL)³
Sabah (SAB)
Sarawak (SAR)
Selangor (SEL)
Terengganu (TER)

Notes:

^ Brunei is the only contingent which is not from within Malaysia
^ Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya participated as a combined Federal Territory contingent since 2006
^ No longer participated in the games. (Historic Teams)
^ The Northern Territory of Australia has been invited to several Sukma editions. The territory participated for the first time in the 2002 Games.

Sports

The list below shows the sports that are played at all the Sukma Games since 1986.

Core sports

Optional sports

All-time medal table

Below shows the all time medal table of Sukma Games from 1986 to 2014. Defunct teams are highlighted in italics.

Rank	Contingents	No. Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	15	694	646	756	2096
2	Sarawak	15	611	569	586	1766
3	Perak	15	394	391	526	1311
4	Penang	15	357	383	491	1231
5	Pahang	15	354	346	387	1087
6	Terengganu	15	335	245	280	860
7	Johor	15	305	314	438	1057
8	Kuala Lumpur	10	274	276	279	829
9	Sabah	15	253	302	405	960
10	Kedah	15	240	222	322	784
11	Federal Territory	5	211	234	297	742
12	Negeri Sembilan	15	209	212	273	694
13	Malacca	15	174	182	232	588
14	Kelantan	15	126	131	167	424
15	Perlis	15	46	57	125	228
16	Royal Malaysian Police	11	31	36	45	112
17	MASUM	9	17	17	15	49
18	Malaysian Armed Forces	5	12	27	39	78
19	Brunei	10	5	13	27	45
20	Labuan	5	2	2	10	14
21	MSSM	4	2	2	9	13
22	Northern Territory	1	1	0	1	2
23	Putrajaya	2	0	0	0	0
Total		15	4653	4607	5710	14970

Total medals excluding 4th place

Host state

1986 Sukma Games (SUKMA I)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Kuala Lumpur	36	32	22	90
2	Selangor	23	14	14	51
3	Sarawak	13	8	14	35
4	Perak	10	15	17	42
5	Penang	9	20	21	50
6	Sabah	9	8	8	25
7	Royal Malaysian Police	9	4	7	20
8	Johor	6	5	6	17
9	Kedah	5	5	11	21
10	Malaysian Armed Forces	2	8	11	21
11	Malacca	2	1	5	8
12	Terengganu	2	1	4	7
13	Pahang	1	4	6	11
14	Negeri Sembilan	0	1	4	5
15	Kelantan	0	1	1	2
16	Perlis	0	0	1	1
17	MASUM	0	0	0	0
Total		127	127	152	406

1988 Sukma Games (SUKMA II)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	26	17	29	72
2	Sarawak	24	18	15	57
3	Penang	19	14	15	48
4	Kuala Lumpur	12	12	22	46
5	Negeri Sembilan	10	6	5	21
6	Johor	9	3	9	21
7	Kedah	6	6	8	20
8	Royal Malaysian Police	6	3	5	14
9	Malacca	5	7	4	16
10	Sabah	4	12	8	24
11	MASUM	4	4	8	16
12	Perak	3	20	21	44
13	Terengganu	2	2	4	8
14	Kelantan	1	3	7	11
15	Pahang	1	1	5	7
16	Perlis	1	0	5	6
17	Malaysian Armed Forces	0	1	1	2
Total		133	129	171	433

1990 Sukma Games (SUKMA III)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak	44	17	18	79
2	Kuala Lumpur	19	20	18	57
3	Penang	17	22	24	63
4	Perak	12	16	22	50
5	Selangor	11	18	34	63
6	Negeri Sembilan	7	4	4	15
7	Sabah	5	4	10	19
8	Malacca	4	6	6	16
9	Royal Malaysian Police	4	4	2	10
9	Terengganu	4	4	2	10
11	Kedah	2	7	6	15
12	Johor	2	5	12	19
13	Kelantan	2	2	3	7
14	Perlis	1	0	7	8
15	Pahang	0	2	5	7
16	MASUM	0	2	1	3
17	Malaysian Armed Forces	0	1	2	3
Total		134	134	176	444

1992 Sukma Games (SUKMA IV)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak	36	27	26	89
2	Johor	26	21	22	69
3	Selangor	23	25	41	89
4	Penang	22	28	22	72
5	Kuala Lumpur	22	23	32	77
6	Perak	18	10	21	49
7	Sabah	9	16	13	38
8	Malacca	7	6	12	25
9	Kedah	6	7	8	21
10	Negeri Sembilan	6	5	3	14
11	Malaysian Armed Forces	5	5	18	28
12	Pahang	5	5	8	18
13	MASUM	4	5	2	11
14	Kelantan	3	9	12	24
15	Terengganu	3	4	10	17
16	Royal Malaysian Police	2	1	5	8
17	Perlis	2	0	0	2
Total		199	197	255	651

1994 Sukma Games (SUKMA V)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Sarawak	39	28	30	97
2	Kuala Lumpur	31	39	26	96
3	Selangor	28	41	33	102
4	Perak	26	26	25	77
5	Pahang	21	16	20	57
6	Sabah	19	14	14	47
7	Johor	17	13	22	52
8	Penang	13	12	24	49
9	Kedah	8	5	20	33
10	Kelantan	6	6	10	22
11	Malaysian Armed Forces	5	12	7	24
12	Terengganu	5	3	7	15
13	Negeri Sembilan	4	2	4	10
14	Malacca	4	1	10	15
15	Royal Malaysian Police	3	8	2	13
16	Perlis	1	0	8	9
17	MASUM	0	2	1	3
Total		230	228	263	721

1996 Sukma Games (SUKMA VI)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	57	43	44	144
2	Sarawak	56	49	52	157
3	Pahang	37	42	44	123
4	Kuala Lumpur	34	27	32	93
5	Perak	22	25	28	75
6	Sabah	20	19	22	61
7	Terengganu	8	16	15	39
8	Kelantan	8	11	11	30
9	Kedah	8	6	18	32
10	Negeri Sembilan	6	4	10	20
11	Penang	5	10	10	25
12	Malacca	5	9	11	25
13	MASUM	4	0	0	4
14	Johor	2	7	17	26
15	Perlis	2	2	4	8
16	Royal Malaysian Police	1	3	8	12
17	Brunei	1	1	0	2
18	MSSM	1	0	2	3
19	Labuan	0	0	0	0
Total		277	274	328	879

1998 Sukma Games (SUKMA VII)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	4th	Pts
1	Selangor	80	61	41	182	51	811
2	Sarawak	46	45	41	132	26	523
3	Perak	25	25	37	87	19	322
4	Kuala Lumpur	23	25	26	74	23	297
5	Pahang	21	29	36	86	13	290
6	Penang	12	5	23	40	10	150
7	Terengganu	11	14	15	40	15	158
8	Sabah	11	10	12	33	12	125
9	Kelantan	11	9	10	30	12	126
10	Kedah	8	13	15	36	8	123
11	Johor	7	7	16	30	12	109
12	Negeri Sembilan	4	8	13	25	11	95
13	Malacca	4	8	11	23	6	78
14	Perlis	1	2	3	6	0	19
15	MSSM	0	0	2	2	0	4
15	Labuan	0	0	2	2	0	4
Total		264	261	303	828	218	3234

2000 Sukma Games (SUKMA VIII)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	4th	Pts
1	Selangor	53	56	54	163	46	673
2	Sarawak	49	55	56	160	48	649
3	Perak	46	37	40	123	32	521
4	Penang	34	26	36	96	25	403
5	Kuala Lumpur	33	32	30	95	17	373
6	Pahang	27	26	35	88	25	330
7	Johor	20	17	31	68	8	240
8	Kedah	17	15	21	53	17	204
9	Sabah	12	11	18	41	18	163
10	Negeri Sembilan	12	10	13	35	6	131
11	Kelantan	8	12	15	35	12	137
12	Malacca	7	10	14	31	5	103
13	Terengganu	6	4	8	18	3	68
14	Perlis	4	5	5	14	1	49
15	MASUM	3	3	2	8	1	29
16	MSSM	1	1	3	5	1	16
17	Brunei	0	1	3	4	0	9
17	Royal Malaysian Police	0	1	3	4	0	9
19	Labuan	0	0	0	0	1	1
Total		332	322	387	1041	266	4109

2002 Sukma Games (SUKMA IX)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	4th	Pts
1	Selangor	55	40	60	155	47	655
2	Perak	49	38	42	129	18	526
3	Sarawak	35	47	60	142	43	537
4	Kuala Lumpur	31	37	29	97	13	373
5	Sabah	28	38	46	112	32	419
6	Penang	28	38	33	99	21	388
7	Johor	28	18	42	88	19	339
8	Pahang	24	27	26	77	12	299
9	Kedah	17	15	17	49	14	188
10	Negeri Sembilan	17	12	12	41	4	158
11	Malacca	15	11	17	43	7	157
12	Kelantan	6	9	17	32	10	111
13	Perlis	3	3	7	13	2	44
14	Terengganu	3	3	5	11	0	38
15	Labuan	2	1	3	6	0	20
16	Royal Malaysian Police	2	1	2	5	3	20
17	MASUM	2	1	1	4	2	17
18	Brunei	1	1	3	5	2	0
19	Northern Territory	1	0	1	2	1	0
20	MSSM	0	1	2	3	5	17
Total		347	341	425	1113	254	4306

2004 Sukma Games (SUKMA X)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	4th	Pts
1	Selangor	56	58	52	166	35	684
2	Sarawak	53	56	44	153	44	616
3	Perak	47	35	50	132	32	516
4	Penang	36	35	61	132	33	499
5	Kuala Lumpur	33	29	42	104	20	412
6	Johor	27	31	29	87	19	344
7	Pahang	27	17	35	79	16	304
8	Malacca	24	16	25	65	10	242
9	Sabah	21	28	37	86	19	315
10	Negeri Sembilan	20	18	23	61	7	233
11	Kedah	13	19	21	53	15	189
12	Terengganu	6	9	15	30	0	90
13	Kelantan	4	7	10	21	9	80
14	Royal Malaysian Police	2	2	4	8	3	27
15	Brunei	1	5	5	11	1	0
16	Perlis	0	2	6	8	3	22
17	Labuan	0	1	5	6	0	14
Total		370	368	464	1202	266	4587

2006 Sukma Games (SUKMA XI)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	4th	Pts
1	Selangor	53	44	56	153	41	629
2	Pahang	39	36	32	107	19	426
3	Perak	37	25	33	95	28	415
4	Sarawak	36	42	55	133	39	507
5	Penang	36	40	52	128	35	480
6	Kedah	30	34	37	101	39	407
7	Sabah	26	26	29	81	19	318
8	Federal Territory	25	31	35	91	27	369
9	Kelantan	21	13	8	42	4	165
10	Negeri Sembilan	20	16	25	61	12	234
11	Johor	19	18	28	65	11	255
12	Terengganu	15	16	18	49	2	181
13	Malacca	11	15	13	39	11	143
14	Royal Malaysian Police	2	9	7	18	5	63
15	Brunei	0	3	5	8	3	0
16	Perlis	0	0	6	6	5	19
Total		370	368	439	1177	300	4611

2008 Sukma Games (SUKMA XII)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Terengganu	61	39	47	147
2	Selangor	54	47	51	152
3	Sarawak	52	52	42	146
4	Pahang	31	29	24	84
5	Federal Territory	29	38	58	125
6	Perak	29	27	39	95
7	Kedah	29	27	37	93
8	Penang	27	31	47	105
9	Johor	27	31	40	98
10	Malacca	23	22	27	72
11	Sabah	21	20	31	72
12	Negeri Sembilan	11	21	35	67
13	Kelantan	8	9	18	35
14	Perlis	4	6	8	18
15	Brunei	0	2	0	2
Total		406	401	504	1311

2010 Sukma Games (SUKMA XIII)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Terengganu	47	30	43	120
2	Selangor	43	43	58	144
3	Federal Territory	43	42	49	134
4	Johor	40	39	53	132
5	Kedah	39	19	31	89
6	Sarawak	33	49	47	129
7	Malacca	32	31	28	91
8	Pahang	32	29	28	89
9	Negeri Sembilan	30	26	41	97
10	Penang	29	34	39	102
11	Perak	26	32	47	105
12	Sabah	22	33	40	95
13	Kelantan	14	12	19	45
14	Perlis	6	13	11	30
15	Brunei	1	0	7	8
Total		437	432	541	1410

2011 Sukma Games (SUKMA XIV)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Terengganu	30	8	12	50
2	Selangor	26	18	28	72
3	Johor	21	20	12	53
4	Negeri Sembilan	16	11	19	46
5	Federal Territory	7	24	33	64
6	Penang	6	10	12	28
7	Perlis	5	6	8	19
8	Sabah	4	5	13	22
9	Malacca	4	3	6	13
10	Kedah	4	2	11	17
11	Kelantan	3	2	1	6
12	Sarawak	2	4	8	14
13	Pahang	1	11	7	19
14	Perak	0	5	17	22
Total		129	129	187	445

2012 Sukma Games (SUKMA XV)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Terengganu	62	24	31	117
2	Selangor	47	54	60	161
3	Pahang	45	40	38	123
4	Sarawak	42	32	38	112
5	Federal Territory	37	41	45	123
6	Penang	32	18	21	71
7	Kedah	23	20	22	65
8	Johor	19	39	34	92
9	Sabah	17	21	52	90
10	Negeri Sembilan	17	29	23	69
11	Perak	14	26	38	78
12	Kelantan	13	10	16	39
13	Malacca	7	19	18	44
14	Perlis	4	5	12	21
15	Brunei	0	0	4	4
Total		379	378	452	1209

2013 Sukma Games (SUKMA XVI)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Selangor	23	17	30	70
2	Terengganu	19	13	13	45
3	Federal Territory	15	20	27	62
4	Johor	12	8	25	45
5	Negeri Sembilan	11	13	15	39
6	Kedah	10	5	16	31
7	Penang	8	19	21	48
8	Pahang	8	5	6	19
9	Perak	6	5	13	24
10	Kelantan	6	2	3	11
11	Sarawak	4	9	5	18
12	Sabah	4	6	8	18
13	Malacca	4	5	8	17
14	Perlis	0	3	4	7
Total		130	130	194	454

2014 Sukma Games (SUKMA XVII)
#	Team	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Federal Territory	55	38	50	143
2	Terengganu	51	55	31	137
3	Sarawak	47	31	35	113
4	Selangor	36	50	71	157
5	Pahang	34	27	32	93
6	Perak	24	24	36	84
7	Penang	24	21	30	75
8	Johor	23	32	40	95
9	Sabah	21	31	44	96
10	Negeri Sembilan	18	26	24	68
11	Malacca	16	12	17	45
12	Kedah	15	17	23	55
13	Kelantan	12	14	6	32
14	Perlis	12	10	30	52
15	Brunei	1	0	0	1
Total		389	388	469	1246

Edition

1, 2, 14, 15

3, 16

6, 14

Host cities of the games through 2016

All states of Malaysia have held their respective Sukma Games, except Kelantan.

Edition	Year	Host	Main Stadium	Start Date	End Date	Sports	Events	Contingents	Competitors	Champion
I	1986	Kuala Lumpur	Merdeka Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	19 April	26 April	15	127	17	4,552	Kuala Lumpur
II	1988	Kuala Lumpur	Stadium Negara, Kuala Lumpur	12 November	19 November	26	133	17	4,995	Selangor
III	1990	Sarawak	Sarawak State Stadium, Kuching	18 July	27 July	26	134	17	3,426	Sarawak
IV	1992	Johor	Tan Sri Dato Haji Hassan Yunos Stadium, Johor Bahru	1 July	11 July	26	199	17	5,151	Sarawak
V	1994	Perak	Perak Stadium, Ipoh	9 June	18 June	26	230	17	5,664	Sarawak
VI	1996	Pahang	Darul Makmur Stadium, Kuantan	1 June	10 June	26	277	19	6,495	Selangor
VII	1998	Selangor	Opening ceremony Shah Alam Stadium Closing ceremony Melawati Indoor Stadium	17 April	26 April	26	264	16	5,028	Selangor
VIII	2000	Penang	Batu Kawan Stadium, Batu Kawan	25 May	4 June	29	332	19	5,875	Selangor
IX	2002	Sabah	Likas Stadium, Kota Kinabalu	5 September	14 September	27	347	20	5,324	Selangor
X	2004	Negeri Sembilan	Tuanku Abdul Rahman Stadium, Seremban	28 May	6 June	32	370	17		Selangor
XI	2006	Kedah	Darul Aman Stadium, Alor Star	24 May	4 June	31	370	16	4,882	Selangor
XII	2008	Terengganu	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium, Kuala Terengganu	31 May	9 June	31	406	15		Terengganu
XIII	2010	Malacca	Hang Jebat Stadium, Paya Rumput	10 June	19 June	33	437	15	9,237	Terengganu
XIV	2012	Federal Territory	KLFA Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	2 June 2011	12 June 2011	44	508 (2011: 129, 2012: 379)	15	9,196 (2011: 3,368, 2012: 5,828)	Terengganu
XIV	2012	Pahang	Darul Makmur Stadium, Kuantan	9 July 2012	16 July 2012	44	508 (2011: 129, 2012: 379)	15	9,196 (2011: 3,368, 2012: 5,828)	Terengganu
XV	2014	Federal Territory	Bukit Jalil National Stadium, Kuala Lumpur	28 June 2013	7 July 2013	44	528 (2011: 132, 2012: 396)	15	11,433 (2011: 3,618, 2012: 7,815)	Terengganu
XV	2014	Perlis	Tuanku Syed Putra Stadium, Kangar	24 May 2014	4 June 2014	44	528 (2011: 132, 2012: 396)	15	11,433 (2011: 3,618, 2012: 7,815)	Terengganu
XVI	2016	Sarawak	Sarawak State Stadium, Kuching	22 July	31 July	Future event
XIX	2018	Perak^[3]^[4]	Future event
XX	2020	Johor (potential bid)^[5]	Future event

Best performing contingent

Contingent	Champions	Runners-up	Third
Selangor	7(1988, 1996, 1998*, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006)	4 (1986, 2008, 2010, 2012)	3 (1992,1994,2014)
Terengganu	4 (2008*, 2010, 2012, 2014)
Sarawak	3 (1990, 1992*, 1994)	5 (1988, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2004)	3 (1986, 2002, 2008)
Kuala Lumpur	1 (1986*)	2 (1990, 1994)
Perak		1 (2002)	4 (1998, 2000, 2004, 2006)
Pahang		1 (2006)	2 (1996, 2012*)
Federal Territory		1 (2014)	1 (2010)
Johor		1 (1992*)
Penang			2 (1988, 1990)

* = host

List of the Sukma Games' Sportsman and Sportswoman

Edition	Year	Sukma Games' Sportsman			Sukma Games' Sportswoman
Edition	Year	Name	Contingent	Sport	Name	Contingent	Sport
I	1986
II	1988
III	1990	Gerard Liew	Penang	Swimming	Tania Hamid Bugo	Sarawak	Swimming
IV	1992	Khoo Kah Hock	MASUM	Archery	Magdaline Goh	Penang	Swimming
IV	1992	Azmi Ibrahim (Most Promising Sportsman)	Pahang	Athletics	Shalin Zulkifli (Most Promising Sportswoman)	Selangor	Bowling
V	1994	Azmi Ibrahim	Pahang	Athletics	Yew Chai Peng	Perak	Athletics
VI	1996
VII	1998	Chai Song Lip	Sarawak	Athletics
VIII	2000	Allen Ong	Perak	Swimming	Sia Wai Yen	Kuala Lumpur	Swimming
IX	2002	Ng Shu Mun	Perak	Artistic gymnastics	Ngew Sin Mei	Kuala Lumpur	Athletics
IX	2002	Ng Shu Mun	Perak	Artistic gymnastics	Petra Nabila Mustafa (Most Promising Sportswoman)	Negeri Sembilan	Athletics
X	2004	Daniel Bego	Sarawak	Swimming	Cindy Ong	Perak	Swimming
XI	2006	Zulkifli Che Rose	Sarawak	Weightlifting	Lew Yih Wey	Negeri Sembilan	Swimming
XII	2008	Foo Jian Beng	Selangor	Swimming	Marellyn Liew	Sarawak	Swimming
XIII	2010	J. Karthik	Malacca	Athletics	Chan Kah Yan	Federal Territory	Swimming
XIV	2011	Ahmad Shafie Abd Jabar	Johor	Canoeing	Jupha Somnet	Perlis	Cycling
XV	2012	Abdul Mubin Rahim	Terengganu	Weightlifting	Frenceay Titus	Sabah	Weightlifting
XVI	2013	Danniel Iskandar Richard	Selangor	Artistic gymnastics	Esmelda Arecia Menti Alfred Geling	Sarawak	Artistic gymnastics
XVII	2014	Muhammad Irfan Shamshuddin	Negeri Sembilan	Athletics	Jelinie Empera	Sarawak	Weightlifting

Previously Adopted Systems

Fourth Place-Points System

From 1998 to 2006, Sukma Games adopted the Fourth Place-Points System to calculate the points collected by athletes for the contingent. It was also a measurement to a contingent's strength and as bonus awards to a contingent. The Sukma Games organiser, however, has a somewhat misleading practice of ranking contingent based on most points or most medals collected in the medal table and not the traditional most gold-most silver-most bronze ascending order and includes fourth place and total points collected in the medal table. The system was abolished after the 2006 Sukma Games. Note that the system applied only for local contingents and not invitational contingents such as Brunei and Northern Territory.

Points are calculated based on the Number of Athletes in an event as follows.

Number Of Athletes	Gold	Silver	Bronze	4th Place
Single and Duo	5	3	2	1
Trio and Above	8	5	3	2

Annual Games System

On 27 May 2010, the Cabinet Committee for Sports Development (Malay: Jawatankuasa Kabinet Pembangunan Sukan (JKPS)) has decided that it should allow the states to rotate hosting the Sukma Games every even years and the National Sports Council itself every odd year to give chance for every sports competed and help the develop the sports in all directions and 'democratise' all the sports events.,^[6] hence was dubbed the "annual games" system while the nature of the games itself is biannual. This, however has caused some states like Sarawak to lament on its so-called bad performance when the optional sports only Sukma Games held in the odd years was competed, while in fact they excel in the core sports only Sukma Games held by the states in the even years when it was competed.^[7] For example, they fell to the bottom three with only 2 Gold in the 2011 games which involved only optional sports. But in 2012 Games in Pahang which involved only core sports, they won fourth place among the states competed. By combining the results of the 2011 and 2012 games, Sarawak is fifth place overall. This shows that some states might be weak in certain sports, but they are strong in the others. This makes the team strong by overall results or otherwise. Besides, the implementation of the system saw the states sports agenda fully packed, and lack of enough time to rest after a competition. Notably, Brunei did not participate in the optional sports games held in Kuala Lumpur, rather it participated only in the state held Sukma Games held in the even years as usual. The system was adopted from 2010 to 2014, and was abolished via a meeting.

References

↑ (Malay) "Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA)". National Sports Council of Malaysia. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
↑ "Sukma Games". National Sports Council Malaysia. September 26, 2010. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
↑ (Malay) Perak Bida Jadi Tuan Rumah Sukma 2018. RTM. 10 December 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
↑ Shahrul:Perak To Host 2018 Sukma
↑ Zulkarnain: Johor will be ready to host Sukma in 2020 rather than 2018. The Star. 14 September 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2015
↑ "Sukma 2011-an Effort 'Democratising' Sports In The Country". Bernama. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
↑ "Sarawak in bottom three at Sukma XIV". The Borneo Post. June 14, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2015.

Multi-sport events

Global

Olympics	Olympic Games Summer Winter Youth Olympic Games

Continental	African Games Asian Games Summer Winter Beach Indoor and Martial Arts European Games Pacific Games Pan American Games

Associations	Commonwealth Games Inter-Allied Games¹ Island Games Jeux de la Francophonie Lusophony Games Spartakiad of Peoples of the USSR¹ World Outgames

Communities	Croatian World Games Gay Games Islamic Solidarity Games Maccabiah Games Pan Arab Games Pan-Armenian Games Women's Islamic Games¹ World Indigenous Games Worldwide Nomad Games

Disabled sport	Deaflympics Défi sportif IWAS World Games Armed forces Invictus Games Warrior Games Paralympic Games Summer Winter Special Olympics Summer Winter

Professions	Lumberjack World Championship Military World Games World Police and Fire Games

Youth and students	Asian Youth Games Australian Youth Olympic Festival Commonwealth Youth Games CPLP Games European Youth Olympic Festival Gymnasiade International Children's Games SELL Student Games Universiade World Interuniversity Games World Youth Games¹

Other sport	Dew Tour Mind Sports Olympiad SportAccord World Mind Games World Combat Games World Games X Games

Regional

Africa	African Youth Games African Games All-Africa University Games Central African Games¹

Americas	ALBA Games Bolivarian Games CANUSA Games Central American and Caribbean Games Central American Games North American Indigenous Games North American Outgames Pan American Games Parapan American Games South American Beach Games South American Games

Asia	ASEAN Civil Service Games ASEAN School Games ASEAN University Games ASEAN ParaGames Asian Beach Games Asian Games Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games Asian Indoor Games¹ Asian Martial Arts Games¹ Asian Para Games Asian Winter Games Asian Youth Games Central Asian Games Children of Asia International Sports Games¹ East Asian Games Far Eastern Games¹ South Asian Games Southeast Asian Games West Asian Games

Europe	Black Sea Games EuroGames European Games European Sports Championships European Youth Olympic Festival Games of the Small States of Europe

Oceania	Australasian Police and Emergency Services Games Micronesian Games Pacific Games

Inter-continental	Afro-Asian Games¹ Arafura Games Arctic Winter Games AsiaPacific Outgames FESPIC Games¹ Indian Ocean Island Games Mediterranean Games Nordic Games¹ Pacific Ocean Games¹ Pan Arab Games

National

Americas	Canada Quebec Western Colombia United States amateur juniors seniors

Asia	Bangladesh China All-China Games National Games of China National Peasants' Games India Indian Empire¹ Indonesia Japan Malaysia Para Mongolia Pakistan Philippines National Games Batang Pinoy Palaro Singapore South Korea Summer Winter Thailand youth Vietnam

Europe	Albania¹ Nazi Germany¹ Netherlands Poland (youth) Soviet Union (youth)¹

Oceania	Western Australia (high school)²

NCSG³	Alabama California Florida Massachusetts Missouri Montana Nebraska New York North Carolina North Dakota¹ Texas Wisconsin

Historical¹

Pre Modern Olympics (in chronological order, 1900BC–1852AD)	Tailteann Games Panhellenic Games Ancient Olympic Games Pythian Games Nemean Games Heraean Games Panathenaic Games Roman Games Cotswold Olimpick Games Gog Magog Games Wenlock Olympian Society Annual Games

Alternatives to the Modern Olympics	Aryan Games Friendship Games Games of the New Emerging Forces Goodwill Games Islamic Games Liberty Bell Classic People's Olympiad South African Games Spartakiad Workers' Olympiads

Category
List
WikiProject

Sukma Games

Sukma Games	Kuala Lumpur 1986 Kuala Lumpur 1988 Sarawak 1990 Johor 1992 Perak 1994 Pahang 1996 Selangor 1998 Penang 2000 Sabah 2002 Negeri Sembilan 2004 Kedah 2006 Terengganu 2008 Malacca 2010 Pahang 2012 Perlis 2014 Sarawak 2016 Perak 2018

Malaysia Para Games	Kuala Lumpur 1982 Selangor 1984 Penang 1986 Kelantan 1988 Malacca 1990 Terengganu 1992 Johor 1994 Sarawak 1996 Selangor 1998 Kuala Lumpur 2000 Kuala Lumpur 2002 Kuala Lumpur 2004 Kuala Lumpur 2006 Kuala Lumpur 2008 Malacca 2010 Pahang 2012 Perlis 2014 Sarawak 2016

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, March 11, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.