List of snakes of Colombia

The 295 snake species found in Colombia represent 9 families. [1]

The largest snake ever known, Titanoboa, was discovered as a fossil in northeastern Colombia.

Alethinophidia (Advanced Snakes)

The infraorder Alethinophidia are also known as advanced snakes. This group includes all snakes except blind snakes. In Colombia this group is represented by 6 families.

Pipe Snakes - Aniliidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Anilius scytaleCoral Cylinder SnakeAmazon basin
Boas - Boidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Boa constrictorBoa ConstrictorThroughout; mostly rainforest
Corallus annulatusAnnulated Tree BoaPacific region
Corallus batesi-Amazon basin
Corallus hortulanusAmazon Tree BoaAmazon basin
Corallus ruschenbergeriiRuschenberger Tree BoaCaribbean lowlands & Orinoquia region
Epicrates cenchriaRainbow BoaAmazon & Orinoquia regions [2]
Epicrates maurusBrown Rainbow BoaCaribbean region; dry forest [3]
Eunectes murinusGreen AnacondaAmazon & Orinoquia regions
Colubrid Snakes
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Amastridium veliferum Rusty-headed Snake Northwest Colombia
Apostolepis niceforoiAmazon Burrowing Snake Amazon basin
Atractus andinusAndean Ground Snake Andes (Antioquia) Endemic
Atractus apophisHuila Ground Snake East slope of Central Andes (Huila), 1640 m Endemic
Atractus arangoiColombia Ground SnakeSouthern Colombia (Putumayo)Endemic
Atractus atratus- East slope of Central Andes (Huila), 1700-2000 m Endemic
Atractus attenuates- Central Andes (Antioquia), 1000 m Endemic
Atractus avernus- Colombia (Caquetá) Endemic
Atractus badiusBoie's Ground Snake Caribbean lowlands
Atractus biseriatusTwo-lined Ground Snake Central Andes (Caldas)Endemic
Atractus bocourtiBocourt's Ground SnakeWest slopes of Andes (2000-3130 m) [4]
Atractus boulengeriiBoulenger's Ground SnakePacific lowlands (Valle del Cauca) [5] Endemic
Atractus charitoae- Amazon basin (Vaupés)
Atractus chthonius- East slope of Central Andes (Cauca, Huila), 1500–2400 mEndemic
Atractus clarkiClark's Ground Snake Northwest Colombia (Darién)
Atractus collarisCollared Ground Snake Amazon basin (Amazonas, Caquetá)
Atractus crassicaudatusThickhead Ground Snake East Andes (Boyacá & Cundinamarca), 2000–3200 m [6] Endemic
Atractus davidhardi- Amazon basin
Atractus echidna- Southern Pacific lowlands (Nariño)
Atractus elapsBlack Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus emersoni- Amazon basin
Atractus erythromelasRed-black Ground Snake Eastern Colombia along border with Venezuela
Atractus franciscopaivai- Amazon basin
Atractus guentheriGünther's Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus heliobelluomini- Amazon basin
Atractus indistinctusIndistinct Ground Snake Northern Colombia (Norte de Santander) Endemic
Atractus iridescensIridescent Ground Snake Pacific lowlands (Chocó) Endemic
Atractus janethae- Amazon basin
Atractus lasalleiLasalle's Ground Snake Northern Colombia (Antioquia) Endemic
Atractus latifronsBroadhead Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus lehmanniLehmann's Ground Snake Southwest Colombia (Cauca)
Atractus limitaneusLimitan Ground Snake Amazon basinEndemic
Atractus loveridgeiLoveridge's Ground Snake Northern Colombia (Antioquia) Endemic
Atractus lucilae- Amazon basin
Atractus macondo- Northern Colombia (Magdalena) Endemic
Atractus majorBrown Ground Snake Amazon slope of East Andes (Caquetá), to 3000 m
Atractus manizalesensisPrado's Ground Snake Central Andes (Caldas) Endemic
Atractus medusa- Gorgona Island Endemic ?
Atractus melanogasterBlackbelly Ground Snake Central Andes (Tolima, Antioquia) Endemic
Atractus melasDark Ground SnakePacific lowlands (Chocó, Valle del Cauca), 80–300 mEndemic
Atractus multicinctusBanded Ground Snake Pacific lowlands (Valle del Cauca, Cauca, Nariño)
Atractus nasutus- Central Andes (Antioquia), 2600 mEndemic
Atractus niceforiNorthern Ground Snake West & Central Andes (Antioquia), 2000–2500 m Endemic; Vulnerable [7]
Atractus nigriventris Black-vented Ground Snake East Andes (Santander) Endemic
Atractus obesusFat Ground Snake West Andes (Antioquia, Valle del Cauca) Endemic
Atractus obtusirostrisBignose Ground Snake Central Andes (Tolima, Caldas) Endemic
Atractus occipitoalbusGray Ground Snake Amazon slope of Andes (Putumayo), 775–850 m
Atractus oculotemporalisHispanic Ground Snake Northern Colombia (Antioquia) Endemic
Atractus orcesi- Amazon slope of Andes (Cauca, Huila, Putumayo), 500–3000 m
Atractus paisa- Central Andes (Antioquia), 2600 mEndemic
Atractus pamplonensisPamplona Ground Snake Eastern Colombia (Norte de Santander)
Atractus poeppigiBasin Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus punctiventrisPointed Ground Snake Central Colombia (Meta) Endemic
Atractus reticulatusReticulated Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus sanctaemartaeSanta Marta Ground Snake Santa Marta MountainsEndemic
Atractus sanguineusBloody Ground Snake Central Andes (Antioquia)Endemic
Atractus snethlageae- Amazon basin
Atractus titanicus- Central Andes (Antioquia, Valle del Cauca), 1800–2400 mEndemic
Atractus torquatusNeckbanded Ground Snake Amazon basin
Atractus trivittatusThree-banded Ground Snake East Andes (Santander) Endemic
Atractus typhon- Pacific slope of West Andes (Nariño)
Atractus univittatusOne-banded Ground Snake Eastern Colombia (Meta)
Atractus variegatusVariegated Ground Snake East Andes (Boyacá) Endemic
Atractus vertebrolineatusStriped Ground Snake East Andes (Santander) Endemic
Atractus wagleriWagler's Ground Snake East Andes (Boyacá) Endemic
Atractus werneri Werner's Ground Snake West slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca), 1200–1800 mEndemic
Atractus zidoki- Amazon basin
Chironius carinatusMachete Savane Throughout
Chironius exoletusGreen Keelback Amazon basin, Pacific lowlands?
Chironius fuscusBrown Sipo Amazon basin
Chironius grandisquamisEcuador Sipo Pacific lowlands
Chironius monticolaMountain Sipo Andes, 2100–3000 m
Chironius multiventrisSouth American Sipo Amazon & Orinoquia regions
Chironius scurrulusWagler's Sipo Amazon basin
Clelia cleliaMussurana Throughout
Clelia equatorianaEquatorial Mussurana Pacific slope of West Andes, 1000–2000 m [8]
Clelia scytalinaHighland Mussurana Northwest Colombia ?
Coluber mentovariusNeotropical Whip Snake Caribbean region
Coniophanes andresensisSan Andrés Island Snake San Andrés IslandEndemic
Coniophanes fissidensYellowbelly Snake Pacific lowlands
Conophis lineatusRoad Guarder???
Dendrophidion bivittatusForest Racer West Colombia, to 1600 m
Dendrophidion boshelliHoshell's Forest Racer Magdalena River Valley (Cundinamarca), 250 m Endemic
Dendrophidion dendrophisOlive Forest Racer Amazon basin
Dendrophidion nuchalePink-tailed Forest Racer North & West Colombia - lowlands and foothills
Dendrophidion percarinatusSouth American Forest Racer North & West Colombia lowlands
Diaphorolepis laevisColombian Frog-eating Snake Pacific slope of West AndesEndemic
Diaphorolepis wagneriEcuador Frog-eating Snake Pacific lowlands
Dipsas baliomelas- Macarena Mountains (Meta) Endemic
Dipsas catesbyiCatesby's Snail-eater Amazon basin
Dipsas ellipsifera- Southwest Colombia
Dipsas gracilisGraceful Snail-eater Pacific slope of West Andes, to 1250 m [9]
Dipsas indicaNeotropical Snail-eater East slope of East Andes, to 750 m [10]
Dipsas pavoninaNorthern Snail-eater Amazon basin
Dipsas peruanaVenezuelan Snail-eater East slope of East Andes, 500–3000 m [11]
Dipsas prattiPratt's Snail-eater Andes (Antioquia)
Dipsas sanctijoannisTropical Snail-eater West & Central Andes (Caldas, Quindio, Valle del Cauca, Cauca), above 1000 mEndemic
Dipsas temporalisTemporal Snail-eater Pacific lowlands
Dipsas viguieriBocourt's Snail-eater Pacific lowlands
Drepanoides anomalusBlack-collared Snake Amazon basin
Drymarchon caudomaculatus- Northeast Colombia
Drymarchon coraisWestern Indigo Snake West of the Andes, to 2630 m [12]
Drymarchon melanurusMiddle American Indigo Snake Northern Colombia
Drymobius margaritiferusSpeckled Racer Caribbean lowlands
Drymobius rhombiferEsmerald Racer Caribbean lowlands & Amazon basin
Drymoluber dichrousNorthern Woodland Racer Amazon basin
Echinanthera undulata- Amazon basin
Enuliophis sclateriColombian Long-tailed Snake Northern Colombia, to 1285 m
Enulius flavitorquesPacific Long-tailed Snake North & West Colombia lowlands
Erythrolamprus aesculapiiAesculapian False Coral Snake Amazon basin
Erythrolamprus bizonusDouble-banded Coral Snake Mimic Throughout, to 2600 m
Erythrolamprus mimusMimic False Coral Snake Pacific lowlands
Erythrolamprus pseudocorallusFalse Coral Snake Central & East Colombia, 100–2300 m
Erythrolamprus pyburniPyburn's Tropical Forest Snake Central Colombia (Meta) Endemic
Erythrolamprus pygmaeaAmazon Tropical Forest Snake Amazon basin
Geophis betaniensisBetanien Earth Snake East slope of West Andes (Valle del Cauca), 1000–1750 mEndemic
Geophis hoffmanniHoffmann's Earth Snake Northwest Colombia ?
Geophis nigroalbusColombian Earth Snake Andes (Antioquia, Santander, Valle del Cauca), 900–1700 mEndemic
Helicops angulatusBrown-banded Water Snake East of Andes
Helicops carinicaudusWied's Keelback Southeast Colombia
Helicops danieliColombian Water Snake Northwest Colombia lowlandsEndemic
Helicops hagmanniAmazonian Water Snake Amazon basin
Helicops leopardinusLeopard Keelback Amazon basin ??
Helicops pastazaeShreve's Keelback Amazon basin
Helicops polylepisNorman's Keelback Amazon basin
Helicops scalarisLadder Keelback Caribbean lowlands
Hydrodynastes bicinctusHerrmann's Water Snake Amazon basin
Hydromorphus concolorCosta Rica Water Snake Pacific lowlands
Hydrops martiiAmazon Water Snake Amazon basin
Hydrops triangularisTriangle Water Snake Amazon basin
Imantodes cenchoaBlunthead Tree Snake Throughout
Imantodes gemmistratusCentral American Tree Snake Northwest Colombia
Imantodes inornatusPlain Tree Snake Pacific lowlands
Imantodes lentiferusAmazon Basin Tree Snake Amazon basin
Lampropeltis triangulumMilksnake Throughout, to 2600 m
Leptodeira annulataBanded Cat-eyed Snake Throughout, to 1950 m
Leptodeira septentrionalisNorthern Cat-eyed Snake Throughout
Leptophis ahaetullaParrot Snake Throughout
Leptophis cupreusCopper Parrot Snake Pacific & Amazon regions (Chocó, Meta)
Leptophis depressirostrisCope's Parrot Snake Pacific lowlands
Leptophis rivetiDespax's Parrot Snake North & West Colombia lowlands
Leptophis santamartensisSanta Marta Parrot Snake Santa Marta Mountains;[13] Endemic
Liophis brevicepsShort Ground Snake Amazon basin
Liophis cobellaMangrove Snake Lowlands throughout
Liophis epinephelus- Throughout
Liophis melanotusBlack-backed Snake Northern Colombia
Liophis miliarisMilitary Ground Snake Amazon basin
Liophis reginaeRoyal Ground Snake Amazon basin
Liophis taeniogaster- Amazon basin
Liophis taeniurusThin Ground Snake Amazon slope of Andes, 840–3825 m
Liophis typhlusBlind Ground Snake Amazon basin
Liophis vitti- Pacific slope of West Andes
Lygophis lineatusLined Ground Snake North & West Colombia
Mastigodryas bifossatusSwamp Racer East of Andes
Mastigodryas boddaertiBoddaert's Tropical Racer East of Andes
Mastigodryas danieliDaniel's Tropical Racer Northern Colombia (Antioquia)
Mastigodryas melanolomusSalmon-bellied Racer Northwest Colombia
Mastigodryas pleeiPlee's Tropical Racer Caribbean lowlands
Mastigodryas pulchricepsCope's Tropical Racer Pacific region & Inter-Andean valleys, to 2800 m [14]
Ninia atrataRed-naped Snake Throughout
Nothopsis rugosusRough Coffee Snake Pacific region
Oxybelis aeneusBrown Vine Snake Throughout
Oxybelis brevirostrisCope's Vine Snake Pacific lowlands
Oxybelis fulgidusGreen Vine Snake Lowlands throughout
Oxyrhopus formosusYellow-headed Calico Snake East of Andes
Oxyrhopus leucomelasWerner's False Coral Snake East slope of East Andes
Oxyrhopus melanogenysTschudi's False Coral Snake Amazon basin
Oxyrhopus occipitalis- Amazon basin
Oxyrhopus petolaCalico Snake Lowlands east and west of Andes
Oxyrhopus vanidicus- Amazon basin
Philodryas olfersiiLichtenstein's Green Racer Amazon basin
Philodryas viridissimaCommon Green Racer Amazon basin
Phimophis guianensisTroschel's Pampas Snake Caribbean lowlands
Plesiodipsas perijanensisAlemán's Snail-eater East Andes (Santander) & Perijá Mountains [15]
Pliocercus euryzonusBlack Halloween Snake Pacific lowlands & foothills
Pseudoboa coronataCrowned False Boa Amazon basin
Pseudoboa neuwiediiNeuwied's False Boa Northern lowlands
Pseudoeryx plicatilisSouth American Pond Snake Amazon basin
Pseustes cinnamomeus- Amazon basin
Pseustes poecilonotusPuffing Snake Pacific & Caribbean lowlands
Pseustes shropshireiShropshire's Puffing Snake Pacific lowlands
Pseustes sulphureusAmazon Puffing Snake Amazon basin
Rhadinaea decorataAdorned Graceful Brown Snake Northwest Colombia
Rhinobothryum bovalliiFalse Tree Coral Pacific & Caribbean lowlands
Rhinobothryum lentiginosumAmazon Banded Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions
Saphenophis antioquiensisDunn's Saphenophis Snake Antioquia, 2560 m
Saphenophis boursieriBourcier's Saphenophis Snake[16] Pacific foothills of West Andes
Saphenophis sneiderni- West Andes (Cauca) Endemic
Saphenophis tristriatus- West Andes (Cauca) Endemic
Scaphiodontophis annulatusNeck-banded Snake Northwest Colombia
Scaphiodontophis venustissimusCommon Neck-banded Snake Pacific lowlands
Sibon nebulataCloudy Snail-eating Snake Caribbean lowlands
Siphlophis cervinusCheckerbelly Amazon basin
Siphlophis compressusTropical Flat Snake Pacific lowlands
Spilotes pullatusYellow Rat Snake Throughout
Stenorrhina degenhardtiiDegenhardt's Scorpion-eating Snake Pacific & Caribbean lowlands, Andes
Synophis bicolorTwo-colored Fishing Snake Amazon basin
Synophis lasalleiLasalle's Fishing Snake Amazon basin
Synophis plectovertebralis- Pacific slope of West Andes (Valle del Cauca) Endemic
Taeniophallus brevirostris- Amazon basin
Taeniophallus occipitalis- Amazon basin
Tantilla alticolaBoulenger's Centipede Snake Northwest Colombia
Tantilla longifrontalis- East Andes
Tantilla melanocephalaBlack-headed Snake Throughout
Tantilla nigraBlack Centipede Snake Pacific lowlands (Chocó) Endemic
Tantilla reticulataReticulate Centipede Snake Northwest Colombia
Tantilla semicinctaRinged Centipede Snake Caribbean lowlands
Thamnodynastes gambotensis- Caribbean lowlands (Bolivar) Endemic
Thamnodynastes pallidusCoastal House Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions
Tretanorhinus taeniatusStriped Swamp Snake Pacific lowlands
Urotheca decipiensPale Ground Snake Pacific lowlands
Urotheca dumerilli- Pacific lowlands (Chocó)Endemic
Urotheca fulviceps- Pacific & Caribbean lowlands
Urotheca lateristrigaRibboned Brittle-Snake Pacific lowlands & foothills [17]
Urotheca multilineata- Eastern Colombia
Urotheca pachyura- Pacific lowlands
Xenodon rabdocephalusFalse Fer-de-Lance Throughout
Xenodon severusAmazon False Fer-de-lance Amazon basin
Xenopholis scalarisWucherer's Ground Snake Amazon basin
Xenoxybelis argenteus- Amazon basin
Coral Snakes - Elapidae [18] & Sea Snake
Scientific Name Common Name Distribution Status
Micrurus ancoralis Regal Coral Snake Pacific lowlands, to 1500 m
Micrurus bocourti False Triad Coral Snake Pacific lowlands
Micrurus camilae - Northern Colombia (Urrá, Córdoba) Endemic
Micrurus clarki Clark's Coral Snake Pacific lowlands, to 500 m
Micrurus dissoleucus Pygmy Coral Snake Northern Colombia, to 500 m
Micrurus dumerilii - Pacific lowlands, Gorgona Island, Andean region, Santa Marta Mountains
Micrurus filiformis Slender Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 400 m
Micrurus hemprichii Hemprich's Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 1200 m
Micrurus isozonus Equal-banded Coral Snake Orinoquia region, to 1400 m
Micrurus langsdorffi Confused Coral Snake Amazon basin, to 500 m
Micrurus lemniscatus South American Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 1000 m
Micrurus medemi Medem's Coral Snake Central Colombia (Meta) Endemic
Micrurus mipartitus Red-tailed Coral Snake Pacific lowlands, Gorgona Island, Andean region, Santa Marta Mountains
Micrurus multifasciatus Many-banded Coral Snake Pacific lowlands
Micrurus multiscutatus Cauca Coral Snake Pacific slope of West Andes (Cauca), 100–900 m Endemic
Micrurus narduccii Andean Black-backed Coral Snake Amazon foothills of East Andes (Putumayo), 100–1500 m
Micrurus nattereri Natterer’s Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 600 m
Micrurus nigrocinctus Central American Coral Snake Northwest Colombia (Darién), Providencia Island
Micrurus obscurus Bolivian Coral Snake Amazon basin
Micrurus oligoanellatus - West Andes (Cauca), 1000–1500 m Endemic
Micrurus ornatissimus - Amazon basin
Micrurus psyches Carib Coral Snake Amazon basin
Micrurus putumayensis Putumayo Coral Snake Amazon basin
Micrurus remotus - East Colombia (Guainía, Guaviare, Vaupés)
Micrurus renjifoi - East Colombia (Vichada) Endemic
Micrurus sangilensis Santander Coral Snake East Andes (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Santander), 1000–1700 m Endemic
Micrurus scutiventris - Amazon basin
Micrurus spixii Amazon Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 1200 m
Micrurus spurrelli Butterfly-head Coral Snake Pacific lowlands (Chocó), to 400 m Endemic
Micrurus surinamensis Aquatic Coral Snake Amazon & Orinoquia regions, to 600 m
Pelamis platura Yellow-bellied Sea Snake Pacific Ocean, Gorgona Island
Tropidophiidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Trachyboa boulengeriNorthern Eyelash BoaPacific lowlands
Ungaliophis panamensisPanamanian Dwarf BoaPacific lowlands
Pit Vipers - Viperidae, Crotalinae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Bothriechis schlegelii Eyelash Viper Throughout, to 2600 m; dense humid forest
Bothriopsis bilineata Two-striped Forest Pit Viper Amazon basin
Bothriopsis pulchra Andean Forest Pit Viper Eastern slopes of Andes, 1000–2000 m
Bothriopsis taeniata Speckled Forest Pit Viper East of Andes; forest
Bothrocophias campbelli Ecuadorian Toad-headed Pit Viper Southwest Colombia, 1000–1500 m
Bothrocophias colombianus Colombian Toad-headed Pit Viper Western slopes of West Andes (Cauca & Antioquia) Endemic
Bothrocophias hyoprora Amazonian Toad-headed Pit Viper Amazon basin
Bothrocophias microphthalmus Small-eyed Pit Viper Western Colombia
Bothrocophias myersi Chocoan Toad-headed Pit Viper Pacific lowlands (Cauca & Valle del Cauca), 75–200 m;[19] Endemic
Bothrops asper Terciopelo Throughout, to 1500 m; Gorgona Island
Bothrops atrox Common Lancehead East of Andes
Bothrops ayerbei - Southwest Colombia (Cauca), 1400m Endemic
Bothrops brazili Brazil's Lancehead Amazon basin
Bothrops colombiensis Colombia Lancehead Eastern Colombia
Bothrops punctatus Chocoan Forest Pit Viper Pacific region, to 2000 m
Bothrops rhombeatus - Southwest Colombia (Cauca) Endemic
Bothrops venezuelensis Venezuelan Lancehead East Andes (Norte de Santander & Boyacá)
Crotalus durissus South American Rattlesnake Isolated populations throughout, to 2000 m; usually not forest
Lachesis acrochorda Chocoan Bushmaster Pacific region, to 1000 m
Lachesis muta South American Bushmaster East of Andes
Porthidium lansbergii Lansberg's Hog-nosed Pit Viper Caribbean lowlands
Porthidium nasutum Rainforest Hog-nosed Pit Viper Caribbean & Pacific lowland

Alethinophidia Images

Scolecophidia

Primitive Blind Snakes - Anomalepidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Anomalepis colombia - Central Andes (Caldas), 1700 m Endemic
Helminthophis flavoterminatus Yellowtail Blind Snake Caribbean lowlands
Helminthophis praeocularis - Magdalena River Valley Endemic
Liotyphlops albirostris Whitenose Blind Snake Caribbean lowlands, foothills of East Andes
Liotyphlops anops Cope's Blind Snake East Andes (Santander, Cundinamarca) Endemic
Liotyphlops argaleus - East Andes (Cundinamarca) Endemic
Liotyphlops haadi - Amazon basin
Slender Blind Snakes - Leptotyphlopidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Leptotyphlops macrolepisBig-scaled Blind Snake [20] -
Worm Snakes - Typhlopidae
Scientific NameCommon NameDistributionStatus
Typhlops brongersmianus Brongersma's Worm Snake East of Andes
Typhlops minuisquamus Basin Worm Snake Amazon basin
Typhlops reticulatus Reticulate Worm Snake East of Andes

Scolecophidia Images

See also

References

Further reading

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