United States House of Representatives elections, 1818

United States House of Representatives elections, 1818
United States
April 26, 1818 - August 12, 1819[Note 1]

All 186[Note 2] seats to the United States House of Representatives
94 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Henry Clay John Sergeant
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Leader's seat Kentucky-2nd Pennsylvania-1st
Last election 145 seats 40 seats
Seats won 160[Note 2] 26
Seat change Increase 15 Decrease 14

Speaker before election

Henry Clay
Democratic-Republican

Elected Speaker

Henry Clay
Democratic-Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 16th Congress were held in the various states between April 28, 1818 (in New York) and August 12, 1819 (in North Carolina), with Alabama electing its first representatives September 20–21, 1819. The Congress assembled on December 6, 1819.

The election occurred in a time period that featured no pressing federal issues and a feeling of national consensus to the effectiveness of the ruling party. The Federalist collapse continued, as support for the party was dismal outside of New England due to a decline in an acceptance of their ideology and lingering anger over the secessionist doctrine produced at the Hartford Convention. The Democratic-Republicans used this election to increase their enormous majority.

Election summaries

Alabama and Maine were admitted during the 16th Congress. One new seat was added for Alabama,[1] while Maine had split off from Massachusetts and so representatives from the former District of Maine continued in Congress representing Maine, and no general election was held for Representatives from Maine during this Congress. In the next election, 7 seats were transferred from Massachusetts to Maine.[2]

160 26
Democratic-Republican Federalist
State Type Date Total
seats
Democratic-
Republican
Federalist
Seats Change Seats Change
Connecticut At-large September 21, 1818 7 7 Increase7 0 Decrease7
Delaware At-large October 5, 1818 2 1 Steady 1 Steady
Georgia At-large October 5, 1818 6 6 Steady 0 Steady
Indiana At-large August 3, 1818 1 1 Steady 0 Steady
Kentucky District (10) August 3, 1818 10 10 Steady 0 Steady
Louisiana At-large July 6–8, 1818 1 1 Steady 0 Steady
Maryland District (8[Note 3]) October 5, 1818 9 6 Increase1 3 Decrease1
Massachusetts District (20) November 2, 1818 20 13 Increase4 7 Decrease4
New Jersey At-large October 13, 1818 6 6 Steady 0 Steady
New York District (21[Note 4]) April 28–30, 1818 27 21 Decrease1 6 Increase1
Ohio District (6) October 13, 1818 6 5 Steady 1 Steady
Pennsylvania District (15[Note 4] October 13, 1818 23 19 Steady 4 Steady
Rhode Island At-large August 25, 1818 2 2 Increase2 0 Decrease2
South Carolina District (9) October 12–13, 1818 9 9 Steady 0 Steady
Vermont At-large September 1, 1818 6 6 Steady 0 Steady
1819 elections
Alabama At-large September 20–21, 1819 1 1 Increase1 0 Steady
Illinois At-large August 2, 1819 1 1 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi At-large August 2–3, 1819 1 1 Steady 0 Steady
New Hampshire At-large March 9, 1819 6 6 Steady 0 Steady
North Carolina District (13) August 12, 1819 13 10 Decrease1 3 Increase1
Tennessee District (6) August 5–6, 1819 6 6 Steady 0 Steady
Virginia District (23) April, 1819 23 20 Steady 3 Steady
Total[Note 2] 186 160
86.0%
Increase14 26
14.0%
Decrease13
House seats
D-R
 
86.02%
Federalist
 
13.98%

Late elections to the 15th Congress

Illinois

The state of Illinois was admitted on December 3, 1818[3] during the Second Session of the 15th Congress.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Illinois at-large None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John McLean (DR) 50.2%
Daniel P. Cook (DR) 49.8%

McLean took office on December 4.[3]

Complete results

Alabama

Alabama was admitted as a state on December 14, 1819[4]

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Alabama at-large None (District created) New seat
Democratic-Republican gain
John Crowell[Note 5] (DR) 53.2%
Henry Chambers (DR) 46.8%

Connecticut

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Connecticut at-large
7 seats on a general ticket
Ebenezer Huntington Federalist 1817 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
James Stevens (DR) 10.3%
Jonathan O. Moseley (DR) 9.8%
Gideon Tomlinson (DR) 9.5%
Elisha Phelps (DR) 8.7%
John Russ (DR) 7.5%
Henry W. Edwards (DR) 7.4%
Samuel A. Foot (DR) 7.3%

David Bolles (DR) 5.9%
Ralph Ingersoll (DR) 5.4%
Noyes Barber (DR) 4.2%
Christopher Manwarring (DR) 4.2%
Orange Merwin (DR) 4.1%
John T. Peters (DR) 4.0%
Calvin Willey (DR) 3.9%
Elisha Tracy (DR) 3.3%
Seth P. Beers (DR) 3.0%
Jonathan O. Moseley Federalist 1804 Re-elected
as Democratic-Republican
Samuel B. Sherwood Federalist 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Timothy Pitkin Federalist 1805 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Nathaniel Terry Federalist 1817 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Thomas Scott Williams Federalist 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Sylvester Gilbert Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold

Delaware

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Delaware at-large
2 seats on a general ticket
Louis McLane Federalist 1816 Re-elected Louis McLane (F) 26.0%
Willard Hall (DR) 25.2%

Thomas Clayton (F) 24.3%
George Read, Jr. (DR) 23.6%
Willard Hall Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected

Willard Hall (DR) resigned January 22, 1821, having been appointed Secretary of State of Delaware. His seat was left vacant for the remainder of the 16th Congress.

Georgia

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Georgia at-large
6 seats on a general ticket
William Terrell Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected John Forsyth (DR) 16.7%
John A. Cuthbert (DR) 15.8%
William Terrell (DR) 15.8%
Joel Crawford (DR) 15.2%
Joel Abbot (DR) 14.6%
Thomas W. Cobb (DR) 14.6%

Richard Henry Wilde (DR) 7.4%
Joel Crawford Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
Joel Abbot Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
Zadock Cook Democratic-Republican 1816 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John Forsyth Democratic-Republican 1812 Re-elected
Thomas W. Cobb Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected

John Forsyth (DR) resigned after being elected to the Senate before the start of the 16th Congress. A special election was held to fill the vacancies left in both the 15th and 16th Congresses, which was won by Robert R. Reid (DR).

Illinois

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Illinois at-large John McLean Democratic-Republican 1818[Note 7] Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Daniel P. Cook (DR) 59.4%
John McLean (DR) 40.6%

Indiana

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Indiana at-large William Hendricks Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected William Hendricks (DR) 90.5%
Reuben W. Nelson 9.5%

Kentucky

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Kentucky 1 David Trimble Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected David Trimble (DR) 70.6%
Thomas Fletcher (DR) 29.4%
Kentucky 2 Henry Clay Democratic-Republican 1810
1814
Re-elected Henry Clay (DR) 100%
Kentucky 3 Richard M. Johnson Democratic-Republican 1806 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
William Brown (DR) 59.0%
Benjamin Taylor (F) 41.0%
Kentucky 4 Joseph Desha Democratic-Republican 1806 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Thomas Metcalfe (DR) 61.9%
Joseph Desha (DR) 38.1%
Kentucky 5 Anthony New Democratic-Republican 1810
1816
Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Alney McLean (DR) 54.3%
Matthew Lyon (DR) 45.7%
Kentucky 6 David Walker Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected David Walker (DR) 78.5%
Francis Johnson[Note 8] (DR) 14.0%
Benbrook[Note 9] 7.5%
Kentucky 7 George Robertson Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected George Robertson (DR) 100%
Kentucky 8 Richard C. Anderson, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Richard C. Anderson, Jr. (DR) 100%
Kentucky 9 Tunstall Quarles Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Tunstall Quarles[Note 10] (DR)
Kentucky 10 Thomas Speed Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Benjamin Hardin (DR) 31.2%
Richard Rudd 30.9%
John Rowan (DR) 26.0%
John Hays 11.9%

David Walker (DR) of the 6th district died on March 1, 1820 and was replaced in a special election by Francis Johnson (DR)

Tunstall Quarles (DR) of the 9th district resigned and was replaced in a special election by Thomas Montgomery (DR).

Louisiana

Louisiana held an election for the 16th Congress at the same time as it held a special election. Data were only available for the special election, but the general election would presumably have had very similar results, and so the results for the special election are duplicated here

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Louisiana at-large Previous incumbent Thomas B. Robertson (DR) resigned April 20, 1818 Democratic-Republican hold Thomas Butler[Note 11] (DR) 45.1%
Edward Livingston (DR) 33.4%
Joseph Johnston 19.6%
Fulwar Skipwith 1.5%

Maryland

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Maryland 1 Philip Stuart Federalist 1810 Retired
Federalist hold
Raphael Neale (F) 39.8%
Nicholas Stonestreet (F) 38.6%
Henry G.S. Key (F) 21.5%
Maryland 2 John C. Herbert Federalist 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Joseph Kent (DR) 56.7%
John C. Weems (F) 43.3%
Maryland 3 George Peter Federalist 1816 Lost re-election
Federalist hold
Henry R. Warfield (F) 59.1%
George Peter (F) 40.9%
Maryland 4 Samuel Ringgold Democratic-Republican 1810
1816
Re-elected Samuel Ringgold (DR) 97.7%
Benjamin Galloway (F) 2.1%
Maryland 5
Plural district with 2 seats
Samuel Smith Democratic-Republican 1792
1816
Re-elected Samuel Smith (DR) 50.3%
Peter Little (DR) 49.7%
Peter Little Democratic-Republican 1810
1816
Re-elected
Maryland 6 Philip Reed Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Stevenson Archer (DR) 56.1%
Philip Reed (DR) 43.9%
Maryland 7 Thomas Culbreth Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Thomas Culbreth (DR) 70.0%
Robert Wright (DR) 30.0%
Maryland 8 Thomas Bayly Federalist 1816 Re-elected Thomas Bayly (F) 98.3%
Charles Goldsborough (F) 1.4%

Massachusetts

Massachusetts' electoral law required a majority for election, necessitating additional elections in five districts.

District[Note 12] Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
First trial Second trial Third trial
Massachusetts 1
Known as the Suffolk district
Jonathan Mason Federalist 1817 (special) Re-elected Jonathan Mason (F) 64.5%
Andrew Ritchie (DR) 35.5%
Massachusetts 2
Known as the Essex South district
Nathaniel Silsbee Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Nathaniel Silsbee (DR) 64.2%
Timothy Pickering (F) 34.5%
Thomas Stevens (F) 1.3%
Massachusetts 3
Known as the Essex North district
Jeremiah Nelson Federalist 1804
1814
Re-elected Jeremiah Nelson (F) 87.0%
Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 7.9%
Others 5.1%
Massachusetts 4
Known as the Middlesex district
Timothy Fuller Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Timothy Fuller (DR) 63.9%
Samuel P. Fay (F) 36.1%
Massachusetts 5
Known as the Hampshire South district
Elijah H. Mills Federalist 1814 Retired
Federalist hold
Samuel Lathrop (F) 48.1%
Isaac C. Bates (F) 22.7%
Thomas Shepherd (DR) 19.6%
Joseph Lyman (F) 9.5%
Samuel Lathrop (F) 55.5%
Thomas Shepherd (DR) 27.7%
Joseph Lyman (F) 16.8%
Massachusetts 6
Known as the Hampshire North district
Samuel C. Allen Federalist 1816 Re-elected Samuel C. Allen (F) 86.2%
Elihu Lyman (DR) 8.0%
Others 5.8%
Massachusetts 7
Known as the Berkshire district
Henry Shaw Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Henry Shaw (DR) 48.8%
Henry W. Dwight (F) 47.0%
Ambrose Hall 2.7%
Others 1.5%
Henry Shaw (DR) 50.8%
Henry W. Dwight (F) 45.8%
Others 3.4%
Massachusetts 8
Known as the Plymouth district
Zabdiel Sampson Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Zabdiel Sampson (DR) 59.6%
William Bourne (F) 40.4%
Massachusetts 9
Known as the Barnstable district
Walter Folger, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Walter Folger, Jr. (DR) 51.3%
John Reed, Jr. (F) 48.7%
Massachusetts 10
Known as the Bristol district
Marcus Morton Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Marcus Morton (DR) 55.0%
Francis Baylies (F) 43.8%
Hodijah Baylies 1.2%
Massachusetts 11
Known as the Worcester South district
Benjamin Adams Federalist 1816 Re-elected Benjamin Adams (F) 59.8%
Sumner Barstow (DR) 40.2%
Massachusetts 12
Known as the Worcester North district
Solomon Strong Federalist 1814 Retired
Federalist hold
Jonas Kendall 63.5%
Edmund Cushing (DR) 31.7%
Others 4.8%
Massachusetts 13
Known as the Norfolk district
Nathaniel Ruggles Federalist 1812 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
Edward Dowse (DR) 54.9%
Nathaniel Ruggles (F) 45.1%
District of Maine Massachusetts 14
Known as the 1st Eastern district
John Holmes Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected John Holmes (DR) 93.6%
Others 6.4%
Massachusetts 15
Known as the 2nd Eastern district
Ezekiel Whitman Federalist 1808
1816
Re-elected Ezekiel Whitman (F) 54.0%
Arthur Ware (DR) 46.0%
Massachusetts 16
Known as the 3rd Eastern district
Benjamin Orr Federalist 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
Mark L. Hill (DR) 48.6%
Benjamin Orr (F) 38.0%
Others 13.4%
Mark L. Hill (DR) 52.1%[Note 13]
Benjamin Orr (F) 41.3%
Joshua Head (F) 7.3%
Mark L. Hill (DR) 52.1%
Benjamin Orr (F) 47.9%
Massachusetts 17
Known as the 4th Eastern district
John Wilson Federalist 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
Martin Kinsley (DR) 41.3%
John Wilson (F) 29.9%
Leonard Jarvis (DR) 24.7%
Others 4.1%
Martin Kinsley (DR) 48.3%
John Wilson (F) 29.9%
Leonard Jarvis (DR) 15.7%
Others 6.1%
Martin Kinsley (DR) 61.7%
John Wilson (F) 29.3%
Leonard Jarvis (DR) 2.4%
Others 6.7%
Massachusetts 18
Known as the 5th Eastern district
Thomas Rice Federalist 1814 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
James Parker (DR) 49.7%
Peter Grant (F) 41.8%
Joshua Gage (DR) 5.3%
Others 3.2%
James Parker (DR) 57.3%
Thomas Rice (F) 34.8%
Joshua Gage (DR) 7.2%
Massachusetts 19
Known as the 6th Eastern district
Joshua Gage Democratic-Republican 1816 Ran in 18th district
Democratic-Republican hold
Joshua Cushman (DR) 56.1%
Thomas Rice (F) 43.9%
Massachusetts 20
Known as the 7th Eastern district
Enoch Lincoln Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Re-elected Enoch Lincoln (DR) 66.6%
Samuel A. Bradley (F) 33.4%

This was the last election in which the District of Maine was part of Massachusetts. The District became the State of Maine during the 16th Congress.

Jonathan Mason of the 1st district resigned May 15, 1820 and was replaced in a special election by Benjamin Gorham (DR)

Zabdiel Sampson (DR) of the 8th district resigned July 26, 1820 after being appointed collector of customs in Plymouth and was replaced in a special election by Aaron Hobart (DR).

Edward Dowse (DR) of the 13th district resigned May 26, 1820 and was replaced in a special election by William Eustis (DR)

John Holmes (DR) of the 14th district resigned March 15, 1820, after having been elected as one of the first two Senators for Maine, which vacancy was filled in a special election in Maine.

Mississippi

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Mississippi at-large George Poindexter Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Christopher Rankin (DR) 68.9%
Cowles Mead (DR) 31.1%

New Hampshire

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New Hampshire at-large
6 seats on a general ticket
Josiah Butler Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Arthur Livermore (DR) 11.5%
Nathaniel Upham (DR) 11.1%
Josiah Butler (DR) 11.0%
Clifton Clagett (DR) 10.9%
Joseph Buffum, Jr. (DR) 10.6%
William Plumer, Jr. (DR) 8.8%

Jeremiah Smith (F) 5.9%
Levi Jackson (F) 5.8%
Parker Noyes (F) 5.8%
Stephen Moody (F) 5.7%
Mills Olcott (F) 5.6%
John Haven (F) 5.2%
George Long (I) 2.3%
Nathaniel Upham Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
Clifton Clagett Democratic-Republican 1802
1816
Re-elected
Salma Hale Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John F. Parrott Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Arthur Livermore Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected

New Jersey

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
New Jersey at-large
6 seats on a general ticket
John Linn Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Ephraim Bateman (DR) 16.3%
John Linn (DR) 16.2%
Joseph Bloomfield (DR) 15.4%
Bernard Smith (DR) 15.1%
Henry Southard (DR) 15.0%
John Condit (DR) 10.1%

Charles Kinsey[Note 8] (DR) 8.5%
Lewis Condict (DR) 1.8%
Charles Kinsey Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Henry Southard Democratic-Republican 1814 Re-elected
Ephraim Bateman Democratic-Republican 1814 Re-elected
Joseph Bloomfield Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
Benjamin Bennet Democratic-Republican 1814 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold

John Condit (DR) resigned November 4, 1819 after having been appointed assistant collector of customs and was replaced in a special election by Charles Kinsey.[4]

John Linn died in office January 5, 1821.[4] His seat remained vacant for the remainder of the 16th Congress

New York

At this time, the Democratic-Republicans in New York were divided into two factions, the "Bucktails" who were opposed to Governor Dewitt Clinton's Erie Canal project, led by Martin Van Buren, and on the other side, Clinton's supporters, known as Clintonians. In many districts, the remaining Federalists allied with the Clintonians, with candidates running on a joint ticket. Several candidates who ran under that joint ticket cannot be clearly categorized, and are marked C/F. Others who ran under the joint ticket are marked by their party with a footnote indicating that they ran under the joint ticket.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
New York 1
Plural district with 2 seats
George Townsend Democratic-Republican 1814 Retired
Federalist gain
Silas Wood (F[Note 14]) 26.0%
Ebenezer Sage[Note 15] (DR) 25.0%

James Garretson (C/F) 23.9%
James Guyon, Jr. (DR) 20.4%[Note 16]
"James Guyon" 4.7%
Tredwell Scudder Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
New York 2
Plural district with 2 seats
William Irving Democratic-Republican 1813 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Henry Meigs (DR) 35.9%
Peter H. Wendover (DR) 35.7%

Barent Gardenier (F[Note 14]) 28.4%
Peter H. Wendover Democratic-Republican 1814 Re-elected
New York 3 Caleb Tompkins Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Caleb Tompkins (DR) 58.3%
Benjamin Isaacs (C/F) 25.2%
Philip Van Cortlandt (DR[Note 14]) 16.5%
New York 4 James Tallmadge, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1817 (special) Retired
Federalist gain
Randall S. Street (F[Note 14]) 50.6%
William H. Johnson (DR) 49.4%
New York 5 Philip J. Schuyler Federalist 1816 Retired
Federalist hold
James S. Strong (F[Note 14]) 49.9%
John I. Miller (DR) 31.7%
Robert Le Roy Livingston (F[Note 14]) 18.4%
New York 6 James W. Wilkin Democratic-Republican 1815 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Walter Case (DR) 100%
New York 7 Josiah Hasbrouck Democratic-Republican 1802
1816
Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Jacob H. De Witt (DR) 100%
New York 8 Dorrance Kirtland Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Robert Clark (DR) 55.5%
Jabez Bostwick (F) 44.5%
New York 9 Rensselaer Westerlo Federalist 1816 Retired
Federalist hold
Solomon Van Rensselaer (F) 100%
New York 10 John P. Cushman Federalist 1816 Retired
Federalist hold
John D. Dickinson (F) 52.7%
William McManus (DR) 47.3%
New York 11 John W. Taylor Democratic-Republican 1812 Re-elected John W. Taylor (DR) 72.8%
James Thompson (F) 27.2%
New York 12
Plural district with 2 seats
John Savage Democratic-Republican 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Nathaniel Pitcher (DR) 37.8%
Ezra C. Gross (DR) 32.7%

David Abel Russell (F) 21.0%
Halsey Rogers (DR) 8.5%
John Palmer Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
New York 13 Thomas Lawyer Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Harmanus Peek (DR) 55.9%
Isaac H. Tiffany (F) 44.1%
New York 14 John Herkimer Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John Fay (DR) 56.9%
John Veeder (F) 43.1%
New York 15
Plural district with 2 seats
Isaac Williams, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1813 (special)
1816
Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Robert Monell (DR[Note 14]) 26.3%
Joseph S. Lyman (DR[Note 14]) 25.8%

Samuel Campbell (DR) 24.3%
Edward Pratt (DR) 23.6%
John R. Drake Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
New York 16 Henry R. Storrs Federalist 1816 Re-elected Henry R. Storrs (F[Note 14]) 95.1%
Allen Fraser (DR) 4.9%
New York 17 Thomas H. Hubbard Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Aaron Hackley, Jr. (DR) 98.8%
Simeon Ford (C/F) 1.2%
New York 18 David A. Ogden Federalist 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
William D. Ford (DR) 74.2%
Horatio Orvis (C/F) 25.8%
New York 19 James Porter Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
George Hall (DR) 97.9%
H. O. Wattles[Note 9] (F) 2.1%
New York 20
Plural district with 2 seats
Daniel Cruger Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Jonathan Richmond (DR) 50.3%
Caleb Baker (DR) 49.7%
Oliver C. Comstock Democratic-Republican 1812 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
New York 21
Plural district with 2 seats
Benjamin Ellicott Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Nathaniel Allen (DR) 52.4%
Albert H. Tracy 46.8%
John C. Spencer Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold

In the 1st district, an election dispute arose. Initial returns showed the winners to be Silas Wood and Ebenezer Sage. This election was contested, however, on the grounds that there were 396 votes for "James Guyon" which, when added to the total number of votes reported for James Guyon, Jr., would place Guyon in second place, above Sage. Sage never appeared to take his seat, and Guyon was awarded the seat on January 14, 1820[4]

North Carolina

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
North Carolina 1 Lemuel Sawyer Democratic-Republican 1807
1817
Re-elected Lemuel Sawyer[Note 10] (DR)
Voight[Note 9]
North Carolina 2 Joseph H. Bryan Democratic-Republican 1815 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Hutchins G. Burton[Note 10] (DR)
North Carolina 3 Thomas H. Hall Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Thomas H. Hall (DR) 78.2%
John Holland (F) 21.8%
North Carolina 4 Jesse Slocumb Federalist 1817 Re-elected Jesse Slocumb[Note 17] (F)
North Carolina 5 James Owen Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Charles Hooks (DR) 59.0%
Samuel Stanford (F) 41.0%
North Carolina 6 Weldon N. Edwards Democratic-Republican 1816 (special) Re-elected Weldon N. Edwards[Note 10] (DR)
North Carolina 7 James Stewart Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Lost re-election
Federalist gain
John Culpepper (F) 52.0%
James Stewart (DR) 48.0%
North Carolina 8 James S. Smith Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected James S. Smith (DR) 54.6%
Samuel Dickens (DR) 45.4%
North Carolina 9 Thomas Settle Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Thomas Settle (DR) 98.8%[Note 18]
William Snow (DR) 1.1%
North Carolina 10 Charles Fisher Democratic-Republican 1819 (special) Re-elected Charles Fisher (DR) 65.1%
W. Jones[Note 9] (F) 34.9%
North Carolina 11 William Davidson Federalist 1818 (special) Re-elected William Davidson (F) 45.1%
John F. Brevard (DR) 37.0%
Henry W. Conner (DR) 17.9%
North Carolina 12 Felix Walker Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Felix Walker[Note 19] (DR)
Joseph M.D. Carson (DR)
North Carolina 13 Lewis Williams Democratic-Republican 1815 Re-elected Lewis Williams[Note 10] (DR)

In the 4th district, Jesse Slocumb (F) died on December 20, 1820. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy, which elected William S. Blackledge (DR), seated February 7, 1821.[4]

Ohio

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Ohio 1 William Henry Harrison Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Thomas R. Ross (DR) 48.7%
John H. Platt 28.9%
Ethan Stone 22.4%
Ohio 2 John W. Campbell Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected John W. Campbell (DR) 93.0%
James Burin 7.0%
Ohio 3 Levi Barber Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Henry Brush (DR) 41.1%
Levi Barber (DR) 30.3%
Edward Tupper 28.6%
Ohio 4 Samuel Herrick Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Samuel Herrick (DR) 52.9%
John C. Wright (F) 46.4%
Ohio 5 Philemon Beecher Federalist 1816 Re-elected Philemon Beecher (F) 51.6%
Joseph Vance (DR) 47.7%
Ohio 6 Peter Hitchcock Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
John Sloane (DR) 51.7%
Peter Hitchcock (DR) 46.2%
Benjamin Martin 2.1%

Pennsylvania

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[5]
Pennsylvania 1
Plural district with 4 seats
Joseph Hopkinson Federalist 1814 Retired
Federalist hold
John Sergeant (F) 14.2%
Joseph Hemphill (F) 14.2%
Samuel Edwards (F) 13.8%
Thomas Forrest (F) 13.2%

Nicholas Biddle (DR) 11.7%
John Connelly (DR) 10.9%
George G. Leiper (DR) 10.7%
Jacob Somner (DR) 10.7%
Charles Hare (DR) 0.5%
Adam Seybert Democratic-Republican 1808
1816
Retired
Federalist gain
William Anderson Democratic-Republican 1808
1816
Retired
Federalist gain
John Sergeant Federalist 1815 (special) Re-elected
Pennsylvania 2
Plural district with 2 seats
Levi Pawling Federalist 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican gain
William Darlington (DR) 27.0%
Samuel Gross (DR) 26.5%

Levi Pawling (F) 23.4%
James Kelton (F) 23.1%
Isaac Darlington Federalist 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Pennsylvania 3
Plural district with 2 seats
James M. Wallace Democratic-Republican 1815 (special) Re-elected Jacob Hibshman (DR) 26.6%
James M. Wallace (DR) 26.3%

James Montgomery (F) 23.6%
John Whiteside (F[Note 20]) 23.4%
John Whiteside Democratic-Republican 1814 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 4 Previous incumbent Jacob Spangler (DR) resigned April 20, 1818 Democratic-Republican hold Jacob Hostetter (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 5
Plural district with 2 seats
Andrew Boden Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected David Fullerton (DR) 30.3%
Andrew Boden (DR) 29.4%

Alexander Cobean (F) 20.6%
John P. Helfenstein (F) 19.8%
William Maclay Democratic-Republican 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Pennsylvania 6
Plural district with 2 seats
Previous incumbent Samuel D. Ingham (DR) resigned July 6, 1818 Democratic-Republican hold Samuel Moore[Note 11] (DR) 50.6%
Thomas J. Rogers (DR) 49.4%
Thomas J. Rogers Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Re-elected
Pennsylvania 7 Joseph Hiester Democratic-Republican 1798
1814
Re-elected Joseph Hiester (DR) 65.7%
Jonathan Hudson (DR) 34.3%
Pennsylvania 8 Alexander Ogle Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Robert Philson (DR) 59.6%
John A. Bard (F) 40.4%
Pennsylvania 9 William P. Maclay Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected William P. Maclay (DR) 77.6%
John Brown (DR) 22.4%
Pennsylvania 10
Plural district with 2 seats
William Wilson Democratic-Republican 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John Murray (DR) 50.4%
George Denison (DR) 49.6%
John Murray Democratic-Republican 1817 (special) Re-elected
Pennsylvania 11 David Marchand Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected David Marchand (DR) 52.6%
James Kelly (F) 47.4%
Pennsylvania 12 Thomas Patterson Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Thomas Patterson (DR) 64.2%
Joseph Pentecost (F) 35.8%
Pennsylvania 13 Christian Tarr Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Christian Tarr (DR) 78.7%[Note 18]
Henry Heaton (DR) 21.3%
Pennsylvania 14 Henry Baldwin Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Henry Baldwin (DR) 55.1%
Samuel Douglas (DR) 44.9%
Pennsylvania 15 Robert Moore Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Robert Moore (DR) 53.3%
Thomas Wilson (DR) 46.7%

Two vacancies occurred during the 16th Congress. In the 5th district, David Fullerton (DR) resigned on May 15, 1820. A special election was held which filled the resulting vacancy by Thomas G. McCullough (F). In the 7th district, Joseph Hiester (DR) resigned in December, 1820, having been elected Governor of Pennsylvania and was replaced by Daniel Udree (DR)

Rhode Island

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Rhode Island at-large
2 seats on a general ticket
John L. Boss, Jr. Federalist 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain
Samuel Eddy (DR) 50.3%
Nathaniel Hazard (DR) 49.4%

Others 0.3%
James B. Mason Federalist 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican gain

South Carolina

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Carolina 1 Henry Middleton Democratic-Republican 1814 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Charles Pinckney (DR) 49.0%
Daniel Elliott Huger (DR) 34.1%
William Crafts, Jr. (F) 16.9%
South Carolina 2 William Lowndes Democratic-Republican 1810 Re-elected William Lowndes (DR) 100%
South Carolina 3 James Ervin Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected James Ervin (DR) 100%
South Carolina 4 Joseph Bellinger Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
James Overstreet (DR) 41.0%
John J. Chappell (DR) 35.2%
John M. Felder (F) 23.8%
South Carolina 5 Starling Tucker Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Starling Tucker (DR) 50.8%
William Brown (DR) 28.5%
Philip E. Pearson (DR) 20.7%
South Carolina 6 Eldred Simkins Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Re-elected Eldred Simkins (DR) 54.1%
Joseph Black (DR) 25.9%
William Butler (DR) 19.9%
South Carolina 7 Elias Earle Democratic-Republican 1804
1816
Re-elected Elias Earle (DR) 53.7%
John H. Harrison (DR) 46.3%
South Carolina 8 Wilson Nesbitt Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John McCreary (DR) 100%
South Carolina 9 Stephen D. Miller Democratic-Republican 1816 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Joseph Brevard (DR) 91.9%[Note 18]
James C. Postell (F) 8.1%

Tennessee

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Tennessee 1 John Rhea Democratic-Republican 1803
1817
Re-elected John Rhea (DR) 46.4%
John Tipton 42.3%
John Kennedy 11.3%
Tennessee 2 William G. Blount Democratic-Republican 1815 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
John Cocke (DR) 52.5%
James P.H. Porter 47.5%
Tennessee 3 Francis Jones Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Francis Jones (DR) 61.6%
John Brown 38.4%
Tennessee 4 Samuel E. Hogg Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Robert Allen (DR) 61.3%
William Hadley 38.7%
Tennessee 5 Thomas Claiborne Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Newton Cannon (DR) 57.5%
Jarvis Trimble 42.5%
Tennessee 6 George W. L. Marr Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Henry H. Bryan (DR) 45.7%
Robert Mark 38.2%
James B. Reynolds (DR) 16.1%

Vermont

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Vermont at-large
6 seats on a general ticket
Orsamus Cook Merrill Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected Charles Rich (DR) 12.5%
Mark Richards (DR) 12.4%
William Strong (DR) 12.1%
Samuel C. Crafts (DR) 10.1%
Ezra Meech (DR) 9.4%
Orsamus Cook Merrill (DR) 6.4%

William A. Griswold (DR) 6.3%
Rollin C. Mallary[Note 21] (DR) 6.3%
John Peck (DR) 6.0%
David Edmond (F) 4.3%
Horace Everett (DR) 4.3%
Phineas White (DR) 4.2%
Richard Skinner (DR) 3.3%
Mark Richards Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
Charles Rich Democratic-Republican 1812
1816
Re-elected
Heman Allen Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
Samuel C. Crafts Democratic-Republican 1816 Re-elected
William Hunter Democratic-Republican 1816 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold

Initial returns showed Mallary in 8th place with 6,879 votes and Merrill in 6th place with 6,955 votes, but after challenging the results, the House Committee on Elections declared Mallary the winner of the last seat with 6,961 votes, a 6-vote lead over Merrill. Mallary was seated on January 13, 1820.[4]

Virginia

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates[Note 6]
Virginia 1 James Pindall Federalist 1817 Re-elected James Pindall (F) 77.2%
William McKinley (DR) 22.8%
Virginia 2 Edward Colston Federalist 1817 Lost re-election
Federalist hold
Thomas Van Swearingen (F) 55.7%
Edward Colston (F) 44.3%
Virginia 3 Henry St. George Tucker Democratic-Republican 1815 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Jared Williams (DR) 64.6%
John Smith (DR) 35.4%
Virginia 4 William McCoy Democratic-Republican 1811 Re-elected William McCoy (DR) 100%
Virginia 5 John Floyd Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected John Floyd (DR) 100%
Virginia 6 Alexander Smyth Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Alexander Smyth (DR) 100%
Virginia 7 Ballard Smith Democratic-Republican 1815 Re-elected Ballard Smith[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 8 Charles F. Mercer Federalist 1817 Re-elected Charles F. Mercer (F) 100%
Virginia 9 William Lee Ball Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected William Lee Ball (DR) 53.4%
John P. Hungerford (DR) 46.6%
Virginia 10 George Strother Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected George Strother (DR) 51.4%
John Shackleford (F) 47.8%
Virginia 11 Philip P. Barbour Democratic-Republican 1814 (special) Re-elected Philip P. Barbour (DR) 100%
Virginia 12 Robert S. Garnett Democratic-Republican 1817 Re-elected Robert S. Garnett[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 13 Burwell Bassett Democratic-Republican 1815 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Severn E. Parker[Note 10] (DR)
John Drury
Virginia 14 William A. Burwell Democratic-Republican 1806 (special) Re-elected William A. Burwell[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 15 William J. Lewis Democratic-Republican 1817 Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
George Tucker (DR) 72.2%
John Kerr (DR) 27.8%
Virginia 16 Archibald Austin Democratic-Republican 1817 Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
John Randolph (DR) 72.9%
Archibald Austin (DR) 27.1%
Virginia 17 James Pleasants Democratic-Republican 1811 Re-elected James Pleasants[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 18 Thomas M. Nelson Democratic-Republican 1816 (special) Retired
Democratic-Republican hold
Mark Alexander (DR) 54.7%
Theo Field (DR) 25.9%
James Wyche (DR) 17.8%
Virginia 19 John Pegram Democratic-Republican 1818 (special) Lost re-election
Democratic-Republican hold
James Jones (DR) 70.6%
John Pegram[Note 11] (DR) 29.4%
Virginia 20 James Johnson Democratic-Republican 1813 Re-elected James Johnson (DR) 100%
Virginia 21 Thomas Newton, Jr. Democratic-Republican 1797 Re-elected Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR) 100%
Virginia 22 Hugh Nelson Democratic-Republican 1811 Re-elected Hugh Nelson[Note 10] (DR)
Virginia 23 John Tyler Democratic-Republican 1816 (special) Re-elected John Tyler[Note 10] (DR)

There were five vacancies (four resignations and one death) during the 16th Congress, four of which were filled in special elections.[4]

James Pindall (F) of the 1st district resigned on July 26, 1820 and was replaced in a special election by Edward B. Jackson (DR), who took office November 13, 1820

George F. Strother (DR) of the 10th district resigned on February 10, 1820 and was replaced in a special election by Thomas L. Moore (DR), who also took office November 13, 1820

William A. Burwell (DR) of the 14th district died February 16, 1821, less than a month before the end of the 16th Congress. His seat remained vacant for the remainder of the Congress.

James Pleasants (DR) of the 17th district resigned December 14, 1819, after having been elected Senator and was replaced in a special election by William S. Archer (DR), who took office January 18, 1820

James Johnson (DR) of the 20th district resigned February 1, 1820, and was replaced in a special election by John C. Gray (DR), who took his office November 13, 1820.

Non-voting delegates

There were four territories with the right to send non-voting delegates to at least part of the 16th Congress, two of which, Michigan Territory and Arkansas Territory were new to this Congress.

District Incumbent First
elected
Result Candidates
Alabama Territory at-large Vacant No delegate election as Alabama Territory
was admitted to the Union at the start
of the 1st Session of the 16th Congress.
Arkansas Territory at-large None (District created) James Woodson Bates 32.1%
Stephen F. Austin 26.2%
Alexander S. Walker 18.1%
Henry Cassidy 12.2%
Robert F. Slaughter 11.1%
Perly Wallis 0.3%
Michigan Territory at-large None (District created) William Woodbridge[Note 10]
Missouri Territory at-large John Scott 1816 Re-elected John Scott 62.2%
Samuel Hammond 37.7%

William Woodbridge of Michigan Territory resigned on August 9, 1820 due to family illness. A special election was held for the remainder of the 16th Congress which was won by Solomon Sibley.

See also

Notes

  1. Excludes states admitted after the start of the 16th Congress
  2. 1 2 3 Includes late elections
  3. Includes 1 plural district
  4. 1 2 Includes 6 plural districts
  5. Delegate for Alabama Territory
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
  7. Late election to the 15th Congress
  8. 1 2 Elected in subsequent special election
  9. 1 2 3 4 Full name unknown
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source
  11. 1 2 3 Also elected in special election to fill vacancy in 15th Congress
  12. District numbers differed between source used and elsewhere on Wikipedia; district numbers used elsewhere on Wikipedia used here
  13. Electoral data presumably incomplete in source
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ran under Clintonian/Federalist joint ticket
  15. Election contested
  16. Successfully challenged Sage's election
  17. The official certificate of vote in the General Assembly Session Records states that Slocumb won by 1,476 votes. No other returns are known to exist for this race.
  18. 1 2 3 Based on incomplete data
  19. The Raleigh Register reported on September 3, 1819 that Walker won the race by 587 votes.
  20. Changed parties
  21. Successfully contested Merrill's election

References

Bibliography

External links

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