United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1854

The 1854 United States House of Representatives elections in New York were held on November 7, 1854, to elect 33 U.S. Representatives to represent the State of New York in the United States House of Representatives of the 34th United States Congress, and two representatives to fill vacancies in the 33rd United States Congress.

Background

33 U.S. Representatives had been elected in November 1852 to a term in the 33rd United States Congress, beginning on March 4, 1853. Gilbert Dean was appointed to the New York Supreme Court and resigned his seat on July 3, 1854; Gerrit Smith resigned his seat on August 7, 1854; leaving vacancies in the 12th and the 22nd District. The other representatives' term would end on March 3, 1855. The elections were held with the annual State election on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, about four months before the congressional term began, and a little more than a year before Congress actually met on December 3, 1855.

Congressional districts

The geographical area of the congressional districts remained the same as at the previous elections in 1852, which were apportioned by the New York State Legislature on July 10, 1851. In 1854, the City of Williamsburgh was annexed by the City of Brooklyn, and became the 13th through 16th Ward of Brooklyn. It is unclear if the annexation happened before or after this election.

The 1st District comprising Queens, Suffolk and Richmond counties; and Kings County except the cities of Brooklyn and Williamsburgh.
The 2nd District comprising the City of Brooklyn, as it existed before the annexation of the City of Williamsburgh, i.e. the first 12 wards of Brooklyn after the consolidation.
The 3rd District comprising the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 8th Ward of New York City.
The 4th District comprising the 4th, 6th, 10th and 14th Ward of New York City.
The 5th District comprising the 7th and the 13th Ward of New York City; and the City of Williamsburgh, from 1854 on the 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th Ward of Brooklyn.
The 6th District comprising the 11th, 15th and 17th Ward of New York City.
The 7th District comprising the 9th, 16th and 20th Ward of New York City.
The 8th District comprising the 12th, 18th, 19th, 21st and 22nd Ward of New York City.
The 9th District comprising Rockland, Westchester and Putnam counties.
The 10th District comprising Orange and Sullivan counties.
The 11th District comprising Ulster and Greene counties.
The 12th District comprising Dutchess and Columbia counties.
The 13th District comprising Rensselaer County.
The 14th District comprising Albany County.
The 15th District comprising Saratoga, Washington, Hamilton and Warren counties.
The 16th District comprising Clinton, Essex and Franklin counties.
The 17th District comprising Herkimer and St. Lawrence counties.
The 18th District comprising Montgomery, Fulton, Schenectady and Schoharie counties.
The 19th District comprising Delaware and Otsego counties.
The 20th District comprising Oneida County.
The 21st District comprising Chenango, Broome and Cortland counties.
The 22nd District comprising Madison and Oswego counties.
The 23rd District comprising Jefferson and Lewis counties.
The 24th District comprising Onondaga County.
The 25th District comprising Cayuga and Wayne counties.
The 26th District comprising Ontario, Seneca, and Yates counties.
The 27th District comprising Chemung, Schuyler, Tioga and Tompkins counties.
The 28th District comprising Steuben and Livingston counties.
The 29th District comprising Monroe County.
The 30th District comprising Allegany, Genesee and Wyoming counties.
The 31st District comprising Niagara and Orleans counties.
The 32nd District comprising Erie County.
The 33rd District comprising Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties.

Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. Bronx and Nassau counties had not yet been established. The area of the Bronx was at this time in Westchester County; and the area of Nassau in Queens County.

Result

25 Whigs, 4 Softs, 3 Know Nothings and 1 Hard were elected to the 34th Congress; and 2 Whigs were elected to fill the vacancies in the 33rd Congress. The incumbents Wheeler, Sage, Simmons, Matteson, Bennett, Morgan, Oliver, Pringle, Flagler and Haven were re-elected; the incumbents Walsh, Hughes, Hastings, Carpenter and Fenton were defeated.

1854 United States House election result
District	Whig		Dem./Soft		Dem./Hard		American		also ran
1st	Harvey W. Vail^[1]	2,676	Frederick William Lord	2,227	Daniel B. Allen	2,778	William W. Valk	3,753	Gabriel P. Disosway^[2] (Temp.)	1,902
2nd	James S. T. Stranahan	7,927	Jack	20	George Taylor	7,623
3rd	Guy R. Pelton	4,084	William M. Miner	1,123	George De Witt Clinton^[3]	2,569	Guy R. Pelton		Guy R. Pelton (Practical Dem.) William Grandin (Ind.)
4th	Sanford L. Macomber^[4]	821	John Kelly	3,068	Michael Walsh	3,047	John W. Bryce	1,594	Sanford L. Macomber (Practical Dem.)
5th	George H. Andrews	2,765	Abraham J. Berry	1,964	Ph. Hamilton	2,718	Thomas R. Whitney	3,321	Thomas R. Whitney (Whig secession) R. A. Bailey (Practical Dem.)
6th	Charles H. Marshall	2,256	John McLeod Murphy	2,533	John Wheeler	5,101	John Wheeler		John Wheeler (Practical Dem.) Charles D. Mead (Ind. Hard)	---- 1,128
7th	Thomas Child, Jr.	6,557	William D. Kennedy	5,094	William D. Kennedy		Thomas Child, Jr.		William H. Wallace (Practical Dem.)
8th	Abram Wakeman	4,895	Edward B. Fellows	1,699	James L. Curtis	2,969	Abram Wakeman		Joseph W. Savage (Practical Dem.) John M. Reed (Ind.)
9th	Bayard Clarke	7,764	Benjamin Brandreth	2,540	Whiting	367	Bayard Clarke		Bailey (Ind. Hard) Peck	2,038 ???
10th	Ambrose S. Murray	5,209	Stratton	2,053	Woodward	4,574	Woodward
11th	Rufus H. King	8,576			Strong	5,042
12th	Killian Miller	8,376	McClellan	5,540	William H. Wilson	2,486	McClellan
12th Special	Isaac Teller		Morse		Charles Robinson
13th	Russell Sage	6,954	Clum	2,075	Alanson Cook	1,971	Russell Sage
14th	Samuel Dickson	4,638	John V. L. Pruyn	3,244			Harcourt	4,270	Hamilton	2,258
15th	Edward Dodd	6,760	Charles Hughes	2,428	Orville Clarke	6,358			Andrews (Temp.)	2,399
16th	George A. Simmons	5,533	Thomas	1,752	Flanders	1,025	Bailey	3,062
17th	Henry P. Alexander	5,357	Francis E. Spinner	7,618	Nathaniel S. Benton ?	3,414
18th	Thomas R. Horton	9,431			Jackson	8,945
19th	Jonas A. Hughston	6,744	Lewis R. Palmer	6,444	Sturges	1,066			Hawes (Free Soil)	1,339
20th	Orsamus B. Matteson	6,492	Johnson	5,172	Naaman W. Moore	588			Huntington (Whig)	4,759
21st	Henry Bennett	9,757	Crocker	2,077	Tompkins	5,579
22nd	Andrew Z. McCarty	5,535	Leander Babcock	4,728	Lewis	3,281			Charles G. Case (Free Soil)	3,652
22nd Special	Henry C. Goodwin
23rd	William A. Gilbert	6,251	Ives	5,645	Brown	1,513			Goodale	77
24th	Amos P. Granger	4,803	Thomas G. Alvord	4,109	Parker	487	B. Davis Noxon^[5]	3,409	Mason
25th	Edwin B. Morgan	7,684	Middleton	6,910	Aldrich	1,296	Middleton
26th	James L. Seeley	5,304	Andrew Oliver	6,880	Howell	2,163	Andrew Oliver
27th	John M. Parker	7,918	McDowell	3,467	Stephen B. Cushing	1,964
28th	William H. Kelsey	11,061	George Hastings	4,450	Gibbs	119	William H. Kelsey
29th	Davis Carpenter	4,227	John Williams	5,609	Sibley	1,865	John Williams
30th	Benjamin Pringle	9,510	Laning	3,829	Belden	2,483	Benjamin Pringle		Hull (Free Soil)	692
31st	Thomas T. Flagler	7,190			Baker	1,231	Thomas T. Flagler		Edward I. Chase^[6] (Free Soil)	962
32nd	Solomon G. Haven	9,075	Israel T. Hatch	5,388			Solomon G. Haven
33rd	Francis S. Edwards		Reuben E. Fenton	6,442	Lester	241	Francis S. Edwards	8,359	Reuben E. Fenton (Anti-Nebraska)

Note: For candidates running on more than one ticket, the number of votes is the total polled on all tickets.

Aftermath

Isaac Teller and Henry C. Goodwin took their seats in the 33rd United States Congress at the beginning of the second session on December 4, 1854.

The House of Representatives of the 34th United States Congress met for the first time at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., on December 3, 1855. Thomas Child, Jr., never took his seat, due to a prolonged illness.

Orsamus B. Matteson resigned his seat on February 27, 1857; and Francis S. Edwards and William A. Gilbert resigned on February 28. The three seats remained vacant for the remaining days of this Congress.

Notes

↑ Harvey Wentworth Vail (1804-1863), Supervisor of Suffolk Co. 1838-1839, Treasurer of Suffolk Co. 1848-1852
↑ Gabriel Poillon Disosway (1798-1868), of Staten Island, see Find a Grave entry
↑ George DeWitt Clinton, assemblyman 1854
↑ Sanford L. Macomber, assemblyman 1851
↑ B. Davis Noxon (1788-1869), lawyer, presidential elector 1840, see The Bench and Bar of New-York by Lucien Brock Proctor (1870; pages 672ff)
↑ Edward Ithamar Chase (1810-1862), of Lockport, US Marshall for the Northern District of NY 1861-1862, brother of Salmon P. Chase

Sources

The New York Civil List compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 67 for district apportionment; pg. 76 for Congressmen)
Members of the 34th United States Congress
The Tribune Almanac for 1855 edited by Horace Greeley (page 42)
OOFICIAL CANVASS 1854 in NYT on December 21, 1854
Temperance Congressional Convention in the First District in NYT on November 1, 1854
Whig Congressional Nominations;... Democratic Nominations in NYT on October 18, 1854
City Nominations for Congress, Assembly, and City and County Offices in NYT on November 1, 1854

Elections in New York

General	1844 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1900 1902 1903 1904 1906 1907 1908 1910 1912 1913 1914 1916 1917 1918 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1926 1927 1928 1930 1932 1933 1934 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1942 1943 1944 1946 1949 1950 1952 1953 1954 1956 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1972 1973 1974 1976 1980 1988 1992 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY State Senate	2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY State Assembly	2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

NY Governor	1777 1780 1783 1786 1789 1792 1795 1798 1801 1804 1807 1810 1811 1813 1816 1817 1820 1822 1824 1826 1828 1830 1832 1834 1836 1838 1840 1842 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

NY Attorney General	1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

NY Comptroller	1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

NY Judicial	1847 S 1870 S 1959 1960 1969

U.S. President	1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016

U.S. Senate	Class 1: 1789 1791 1797 1798 S1 1798 S2 1800 S1 1803 1804 S2 1809 1815 1821 1827 1829 S 1833 1839–40 1845 1851 1857 1863 1869 1875 1881 1881 S 1887 1893 1899 1905 1911 1916 1922 1928 1934 1938 S 1940 1946 1952 1958 1964 1970 1976 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2010 S 2012 Class 3: 1789 1795 1796 S 1800 S2 1801 1802 S 1804 S1 1807 1813 1819–20 1825–26 1831 1833 S 1837 1843 1845 S 1849 1855 1861 1867 1873 1879 1881 S 1885 1891 1897 1903 1909 1914 1920 1926 1932 1938 1944 1949 S 1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016

U.S. House	1789 1790 1793 1794 1796 1798 1800 1802 1804 1806 1808 1810 1812 1814 1816 1818 1821 1822 1824 1826 1828 1830 1832 1834 1836 1838 1840 1842 1844 1846 1848 1850 1852 1854 1856 1858 1860 1862 1864 1866 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 (6th S) 2000 2002 2004 2006 (13th, 20th, 29th) 2008 (19th, 20th, 25th, 26th, 29th) 2009 (20th S, 23rd S) 2010 (29th) 2011 (9th S, 26th S) 2012 2014 2016 Special

'S,' 'S1,' and 'S2' denote special election See also: Political party strength in New York

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