Western University of Health Sciences

Western University
of Health Sciences
Former names
 College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific
Motto Educare, Sanare, Coniunctim (Latin)
Motto in English
 To Teach, To Heal, Together
Type Private, non-profit, graduate
Established 1977 (1977)
Endowment $14.4 million[1]
Chairman Richard A. Bond, DO
President Gary M. Gugelchuk, PhD (interim)
Vice-president Thomas G. Fox, Ph.D.
Provost Gary M. Gugelchuk, Ph.D.
Academic staff
 313 full-time[2]
1,200 adjunct professionals
Administrative staff
 700
Students 3,862[3]
2,964
Location Pomona, CA, United States
34°03′29″N 117°44′49″W / 34.058°N 117.747°W / 34.058; -117.747Coordinates: 34°03′29″N 117°44′49″W / 34.058°N 117.747°W / 34.058; -117.747
Campus Urban, 22 acres (Pomona)[4]
Rural, 50 acres (Lebanon)[5]
Website westernu.edu
COMP Northwest Campus

Western University of Health Sciences (WesternU) is a private, non-profit, graduate school for the health professions, with a main campus located on 22 acres (8.9 ha) in downtown Pomona, California, and an additional medical school campus on 50 acres in Lebanon, Oregon. WesternU offers degrees in osteopathic medicine, dental medicine, optometry, podiatric medicine, nursing, physician assistant studies, physical therapy, pharmacy, biomedical sciences, and veterinary medicine. With an enrollment of 3,862 students (2014–15),[3] WesternU is one of the largest graduate schools for the health professions in California, offering 21 academic programs in nine colleges. The university also operates two patient care centers, and has a pet wellness center on its Pomona campus. The WesternU Pomona campus is also home to the The Center for Oral Health (a non-profit organization focusing on promoting oral health), the Southern California Museum of Medical History, and the Harris Family Center for Disability and Health Policy.

Founded in 1977, the first program at WesternU was its medical school, the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific (COMP). Since that time, several additional programs have opened. When the College of Veterinary Medicine opened in 2003, it was the first veterinary school to open in the United States in 20 years. In 2007, WesternU became the first university in the nation to appoint a female as dean of a veterinary medical school. In 2009, three new colleges opened: dental medicine, optometry, and podiatric medicine. In 2011, the university opened an additional campus in Lebanon, Oregon known as the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific - Northwest (COMP-Northwest).

All of the programs at WesternU have professional accreditation, and the university is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.[6] The medical school (COMP) is also accredited by the American Osteopathic Association's Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation.

History

The Health Education Center building on the Pomona campus, which houses the College Osteopathic of Medicine of the Pacific.

The school originally opened in 1977 as the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific (COMP), offering the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree (D.O.). COMP was the first osteopathic medical school in California to open after the California College of Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons became an M.D. granting school, eventually becoming the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. By 1977, COMP was the only osteopathic medical school west of the Rocky Mountains,[7] and it remained the only one in California until 1997, when Touro University California opened in Vallejo.[8] The inaugural class at COMP consisted of 36 students.[9]

In 1986, the college began offering a second degree, the Master of Science in Health Professions Education. Four years later, the physician assistant program opened, which developed into a masters level program in 2000. In 1992, the physical therapy program opened. The Western Association of Schools and Colleges granted the school accreditation in March 1996, and later that same year, the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific was restructured into a university and given the name "Western University of Health Sciences."[10] The same year, the first classes in the College of Pharmacy began.[10]

Ethan Allen Park, with the veterinary clinic in the background.

After difficulties with accreditation through the American Veterinary Medical Association's Council on Education,[11] the College of Veterinary Medicine opened in 1998. It was the first veterinary medical school to open in the United States since 1983,[11] and at the time, no member on the Council on Education had ever been involved in accrediting a new veterinary medical school. Classes began in 2003, and the college earned full accreditation in 2010.[12] The college was the first veterinary medical school in the United States to appoint a female to the position of dean.[13][14] In 2008, the university opened the Banfield Pet Hospital to the public. In 2014, WesternU assumed sole operation and management of the pet hospital.[15]

In 2009, three new colleges opened at WesternU: podiatric medicine, optometry, and dental medicine.[16] The following year, in 2010, the Patient Care Center opened, offering medical, dental, optometric, podiatric and pharmacy services to the community. In 2011, Western University of Health Sciences opened a new medical school campus in Lebanon, Oregon called the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest.[17] The university plans to eventually open additional colleges at the Lebanon campus.[18]

In 2015, the founding president of WesternU retired after serving 38 years as president.[19] At the time, he was the longest serving founding president in the US, and 2nd longest serving current university president in the country.[20][21]

The Chronicle of Higher Education named WesternU as a great college to work for every year from 2012 through 2015.[22][23][24][25] In 2014, U.S. News & World Report ranked WesternU 18th among all US medical schools for the percentage of COMP graduates going into primary care residents.[26] The same year (2014), WesternU received the tenth most applications of any medical school in the United States.[27] The university is the fourth-largest employer in Pomona, with more than 1,000 employees, and has greatly contributed to the economic development of downtown,[28] bringing millions of dollars to the area.[29]

Academics and accreditation

College Founded Accreditation[2]
WesternU 1996 Western Association of Schools and Colleges[6]
Allied Health 1996 American Physical Therapy Association[30]
ARC-PA[31]
Dental Medicine 2009 American Dental Association[32]
Graduate Nursing 2001 Commission on Collegiate Nursing EducationCCNE[33]
Optometry 2009 American Optometric Association[34]
Osteopathic Medicine - California 1977 American Osteopathic Association's COCA[35]
Osteopathic Medicine - Oregon 2011 American Osteopathic Association's COCA[35]
Pharmacy 1996 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education[36]
Podiatric Medicine 2009 American Podiatric Medical Association[37]
Veterinary Medicine 2003 American Veterinary Medical Association[12]

Through its nine colleges, WesternU offers 21 academic programs, each on a semester schedule. Each program at WesternU is post-baccalaureate, focuses on a health sciences profession, and is professionally accredited. The university is regionally accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. Doctoral degrees include the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Doctor of Dental Medicine, Doctor of Optometry, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Doctor of Pharmacy, Doctor of Nursing Practice, Doctor of Physical Therapy, and Doctor of Podiatric Medicine.

Several Master of Science (MS) programs are also offered, and include the following: Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences, Physician Assistant Studies, Nursing, Biomedical Sciences, and Medical Sciences. A Master of Science in Health Professions Education is offered to provide educational skills to health professionals interested in teaching. Two distance education programs are offered: the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) and Master of Science Nursing (MSN).[6] All other programs are traditional on-campus programs.

Interprofessional education

WesternU operates an Interprofessional Education (IPE) program, involving all nine of its colleges. Planning for the program began in 2007 and the first phase was implemented later that year.[38] The program's goals are to improve understanding of other health professions and to provide and promote a team approach to patient-centered care and health care management, leading to improved patient care.[39] While a debate exists on the effectiveness of interprofessional education in encouraging collaborative practice, interprofessional education is becoming a more common component of medical school curriculum in the United States, and many groups, including the World Health Organization, view it as a means of reducing medical errors and improving the health care system.[40]

As a part of the interprofessional education program, students meet in small groups with a faculty facilitator and discuss the non-clinical aspects of complex cases, such as interprofessional knowledge and awareness, financial or ethical challenges and communication barriers. In the 2010–11 academic year, the IPE program involved 850 students and 150 faculty members from the 9 colleges at the university. The development of clinical IPE rotations with grand rounds and journal clubs is being explored.[41]

Research

WesternU conducts research on several subjects in the basic and clinical sciences. The three primary research areas include: neurobiology, molecular / metabolic diseases, and infectious disease / immunology.[42] Specific neurobiology subjects include: Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system diseases, genetic disorders, environmental pathologies, and stem cell therapy.[42] Specific molecular and metabolic disease subjects include: cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity.[42] Research on infections and immunology includes tuberculosis, Mad cow disease, avian flu, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.[42] Research is funded by the National Institute of Health, the OneSight Foundation, The Potts Foundation, American Cancer Society, American Heart Association, the American Lung Association,[43] and the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.[44][45]

Patient care and education

Alt
Patient Care Center (Pomona campus)
Services include medical care, podiatry, dentistry, pharmacy, and optometry.

Western University of Health Sciences has two patient care centers, one in Rancho Cucamonga, California, and the other on its main campus in Pomona, California. WesternU opened its first patient care center, a family practice clinic, in 1984.[46] The Pomona Patient Care Center opened in May 2010, and serves more than 10,000 patients per year.[47] The Patient Care Center includes a Medical Center, Foot & Ankle Center, Eye Care Center, Dental Center and Pharmacy. The center is also home to the Western Diabetes Institute, an accredited diabetes education center.[48] The institute is a patient-centered practice unit designed to provide efficient, high quality care to diabetic patients. The Rancho Cucamonga Patient Care Center opened in 2008 and provides family medicine, internal medicine, and foot and ankle care.[49] WesternU is a member of the Association of Academic Health Centers.[50]

In 1998, the university established the Harris Family Center for Disability and Health Policy.[51] The Center advocates for the health needs of individuals with disabilities[52] and provides consultation and training to organizations, companies, and hospitals to help them meet the needs of disabled individuals.[51]

The Pumerantz Library provides a diabetes education program to the community in a partnership with the Pomona Public Library.[53] The project aims to help Spanish-speaking members of the community access reliable information about diabetes.[54]

Campus

Pomona campus

The parking structure at E 2nd and S Towne Avenue.

The main campus of WesternU is located in downtown Pomona, California, with an official address of 309 East 2nd Street. The Pomona campus consists of 19 major buildings on 22 acres (8.9 ha),[4] and it has been the main campus since WesternU was founded in 1977. Upon the school's founding, a portion of the campus was extensively renovated from an outdoor shopping mall. Since that time, several buildings have been acquired and built, including a patient care center, a pet hospital, classrooms, and research facilities. There are two parks located on the urban campus.

The northeastern corner of campus contains the Health Education Center and Patient Care Center. Both buildings opened in 2010, along with a parking structure, as a part of a $100 million-expansion project at WesternU.[28] The Health Education Center is a 180,000-square-foot teaching and research facility that houses the medical, dentistry, podiatry and optometry schools.[47] The fourth floor of the Health Education Center is dedicated to research. The concrete parking structure has seven levels and contains 600 parking spaces.[55]

Directly west of the Health Education Center is the pet hospital on campus, the WesternU Pet Wellness Center. The facility was established in 2008 as the Banfield Pet Hospital, and transitioned to solely WesternU operation in 2014.[15] The center provides primary care services such as vaccinations, spaying and neutering, microchiping, surgery, dental exams and cleanings, as well as flea, tick and heartworm control.[56] The center includes a surgical suite, an x-ray room, a half dozen exam rooms and isolation facilities.

A mixed-use building is located south of the pet hospital. The building, The Daumier at WesternU, is a 173,000-square-foot mixed-use building with student housing located at 3rd and Linden Street. Groundbreaking commenced in June 2013, and the building was completed in June 2014[57] at an estimated cost of $45 million.[58] The building is located on 3.6 acres and provides housing for WesternU students, as well as a fitness center, community pool, media room, and office space for the university. The Daumier was designed to LEED silver specifications.[59]

Promenade on campus of WesternU, with the Health Sciences Center to the left.

The central portion of campus contains Ethan Allan Park, the Health Professions Center (HPC), the Veterinary Medicine Center, and the Health Sciences Center. Ethan Allen Park is located directly west of the Pet Wellness Center. In 2006, the park was named in honor of Dr. Ethan Allen, founding chairman of the school's Board of Trustees.[60] The other park on campus is Centennial Park, a Pomona city park on the west end of campus. Directly south of Ethan Allan Park, the Health Professions Center houses the College of Pharmacy and contains several classrooms, research facilities, and a student commons area. The building was built in 1962 and was previously the Pomona Buffum's department store.[61] The university acquired the building in 1992, after first receiving the option to buy. The Center for Oral Health, a non-profit organization focusing on promoting oral health, is based in the Health Professions Center. In late 2012, the Center for Oral Health moved its headquarters from the bay area of California to the WesternU campus, and established an affiliation with the university.[62] The Health Sciences Center is located directly west of the Health Professions Center. The HSC is a two-story, 72,000-square-foot building that contains the anatomy laboratory, an osteopathic manipulative medicine laboratory, and classroom space. The physical therapy program is based in this building, as well as the tutoring program. The Health Sciences Center was formerly a Nash Department Store.[29] The university began using the building in 1990, and then purchased it in 1993.[63]

Anderson Tower at WesternU, with the historic Fox Theater to the right.

The western portion of campus contains the Rodney P. Weinberg Center, which is home to the university's research center, the Pumerantz Library, and the Anderson Tower, formerly known as the Chase Bank building. The Weinberg Center contains 8,550 square feet dedicated to research purposes.[64] The Weinberg Center building was originally a JCPenney.[28] The Pumerantz Library, a 35,000-square-foot building, is located on the west edge of campus (3rd Street). The library opened at this location in August 2001, after the university acquired the building in 1998.[63] The building was originally constructed in 1929, and previously housed a switching station for the Pacific Telephone & Telegraph company.[65] In 2015, the Southern California Medical Museum opened at a new location on the WesternU campus.[66][67]

On the western edge of campus, located on Garey avenue and Second Street, is the Anderson Tower, a seven-story, 70,000-square-foot building. It was built in 1963,[68] and WesternU purchased the building from JP Morgan Chase in September 2013.[69] The same month, WesternU reached an agreement with a power company, Washington Gas, to build 2,688 solar panels on three campus buildings.[70] The solar panels were completed in February 2014,[71] and will produce more than 1,100 megawatt hours of energy each year.[70][72]

Oregon branch campus

The main building for the Oregon campus

WesternU also operates a second branch campus on 50 acres in the town of Lebanon. The official address of the Oregon campus is 200 Mullins Drive. The sole program offered at the Oregon campus is osteopathic medicine (DO), although the university plans to establish additional programs at that campus.[18]

The Oregon campus is across the street from Samaritan Health Services' Lebanon Community Hospital,[17] Groundbreaking for the medical school campus began in June 2009, and it opened for classes in August 2011.[17] The new 55,000-square-foot (5,100 m2) building cost about $15 million,[73] and is the main component of a 50-acre medical campus.[5]

Campus safety

Each year, WesternU publishes a safety report, cataloguing any crimes that occur on campus.[74] In 2014 on the Pomona campus, there were three cases of burglary, 7 cases of larceny, one motor vehicle theft, and no cases of aggravated assault or robbery.[2][74] In 2014, no crimes were reported on the Oregon campus.[74]

Students

WesternU Demographics[75]
Students[3]
Asian/Pacific Islander 33%
Black/Non-Hispanic 3%
Hispanic 11%
Two or more 11%
White/Non-Hispanic 36%
Unknown 6%

A total of 3,862 students are in attendance at WesternU for the 2014–15 academic year.[3] The average student age is 28 years. About 62 percent of WesternU students are female; 38 percent are male. About 36% are White/Non-Hispanic, 33% Asian/Pacific Islander, 11% Hispanic, 11% identify as two or more ethnicities, 3% African American, and the remaining students are of unknown ethnicity (6%).[3]

Students at WesternU participate in a number of clubs on campus[76] and an active student government association. There are several professional fraternities on campus, including Sigma Sigma Phi, Kappa Psi, Beta Sigma Kappa, Delta Sigma Delta, and Phi Lambda Sigma.

There is a theater troupe on campus, which hosts regular performance events. Students from the medical school (COMP) originally formed the theater group in 1985.[77] The students named their troupe "Sanus," which is the Latin word for "sanity."[77] The students said they used the opportunity to act and perform plays as means of relieving stress.[77] The theater troupe remains active, and students from other colleges also participate.[78]

Other officially recognized student organizations on campus include the following:[76]

People

Faculty

WesternU employs 313 full-time faculty and 38 part-time faculty.[2] Some notable faculty members include:

Alumni

As of 2015, a total of 12,435 graduates completed study at WesternU.[85] At the completion of the 2014-15 academic year, 1,124 students graduated from WesternU. Some notable alumni include:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2014 Endowment Market Value and Percentage Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2014 to FY 2015 (Revised Feb 2015)" (PDF). National Association of College and University Business Officers. 2014. Retrieved October 18, 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Western University of Health Sciences". College Navigator. Institute of Education Sciences National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "WesternU at a Glance". Western University of Health Sciences.
  4. 1 2 "Examine the Curriculum". Western University of Health Sciences. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  5. 1 2 Fossum, Jim (October 9, 2012). "Local med student eyes career close to home". Coast River Business Journal.
  6. 1 2 3 "Statement of Accreditation Status Western University of Health Sciences". WASC. Accrediting Commission for Senior Colleges and Universities. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  7. ↑ Jesse, Katz (August 18, 1987). "10-Year Quest: California Osteopaths: on the Mend". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  8. ↑ "41st Medical Trust - New Beginnings for D.O.s in California". UCI Libraries. Retrieved 2016-01-16.
  9. ↑ "Fast Facts". WesternU.
  10. 1 2 "Western University of Health Sciences (College of Pharmacy)". Pharmacy Schools. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  11. 1 2 Weiss, Kenneth R. (March 6, 2001). "First Veterinary School in Southland Approved for Pomona". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  12. 1 2 "Veterinary Colleges Accredited by the AVMA" (PDF). American Veterinary Medical Association. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  13. ↑ "Western U names dean, graduates first class". DVM 360. July 1, 2007. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
  14. ↑ Sarah Schweitzer (August 22, 2007). "Veterinary schools turn increasingly female". Boston Globe. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
  15. 1 2 Veterinary Practice News Editors (February 20, 2015). "WesternU Takes Over Campus Veterinary Clinic". Veterinary Practice News.
  16. ↑ Verdon, Daniel (Sep 1, 2003). "Western University to Build Primary Careteaching Hospital Courtesy of Banfield". DVM 360, Advanstar. Retrieved Dec 30, 2011.
  17. 1 2 3 Budnick, Nick (July 31, 2011). "Osteopathic medical school to open next week in Lebanon, Oregon". The Oregonian. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  18. 1 2 Paul, Alex (February 2, 2012). "More colleges planned at COMP-NW, area leaders told". Democratherald. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
  19. ↑ Yarbrough, Beau (April 3, 2015). "Western University: Founding president to retire in September". Inland Valley Daily Bulletin.
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  31. ↑ "Accredited Entry-level Programs". Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  32. ↑ "Search DDS/DMD Programs". American Dental Association. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  33. ↑ "CCNE-Accredited Nursing Degree Programs: California". American Association of Colleges of Nursing. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  34. ↑ "Accredited Programs". American Optometric Association. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  35. 1 2 "Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine" (PDF). American Osteopathic Association. 2012.
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  40. ↑ Kathryn Roethel (March 19, 2012). "Medical Schools Push Teamwork". US News & World Report. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
  41. ↑ Mackintosh, SE; Adams, CE; Singer-Chang, G; Hruby, RJ (April 2011). "Osteopathic approach to implementing and promoting interprofessional education.". Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 111 (4): 206–12. PMID 21562288.
  42. 1 2 3 4 "Research: Welcome". WesternU.
  43. ↑ "2006–12 Contract and Grant Activity by Osteopathic Medical College". American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine.
  44. ↑ "Western University of Health Sciences". Where Our Funding Goes. California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
  45. ↑ "Western University of Health Sciences". California Institute of Regenerative Medicine.
  46. ↑ Rodriguez, Monica (May 16, 2010). "Patient Care Center coming alive at Western University". Inland Valley Daily Bulletin.
  47. 1 2 "Pomona Healthcare - Western University of Health Sciences". Community Profile Network. 2009. Retrieved December 27, 2011.
  48. ↑ AADE (2012). "Accredited Programs". American Association of Diabetes Educators. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
  49. ↑ "Rancho Cucamonga Patient Care Center: An additional location for your convenience". Western University of Health Sciences. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
  50. ↑ "AAHC Members". Association of Academic Health Centers.
  51. 1 2 Harris Family Center for Disability and Health Policy. "Consulting Services" (PDF). Western University of Health Sciences. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
  52. ↑ "About Us". Center for Disability Issues and the Health Professions. Western University of Health Sciences. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  53. ↑ Vader, Patricia. "Diabetes Information Outreach to the Latino/Hispanic Population of Pomona, CA". NLM. National Network of Libraries of Medicine. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  54. ↑ Rodriguez, Monica (Sep 13, 2011). "WesternU to create source of Spanish-language information on diabetes". Inland Empire Daily Bulletin. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  55. ↑ "Western University". IDG Parkitects. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
  56. ↑ Monica Rodriguez (October 10, 2009). "Pomona's Western University offering pet care to the public". Inside Bay Area.
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  58. ↑ Rodriguez, Monica (June 22, 2013). "Ground broken for student housing development in downtown Pomona". Daily Bulletin.
  59. ↑ admin (June 6, 2013). "Public/Private Partnership Breaks Ground for New Student Housing". Inland Valley News.
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  62. ↑ "COH and WesternU". Center for Oral Health.
  63. 1 2 "WesternU Acquires Building for Library Expansion". WesternU. December 17, 1998.
  64. ↑ "CVM Research Facilities". WesternU.
  65. ↑ "Western University to Dedicate New Health Sciences Library and Learning Resources Center". WesternU. 2 August 2001. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  66. ↑ "The Southern California Medical Museum". SCMM.
  67. ↑ Rodriguez, Monica (June 9, 2014). "Southern California Medical Museum moves to Pomona". Redlands Daily Facts.
  68. ↑ Allen, David (December 12, 2012). "Chase Bank branch in Pomona drops net, keeps net worth". The Daily Bulletin.
  69. ↑ Rodriguez, Monica (September 5, 2013). "Western University to purchase Chase Bank building in downtown Pomona". Inland Valley Daily Bulletin.
  70. 1 2 Clabaugh, Jeff (Sep 19, 2013). "Washington Gas to solar power California school". Washington Business Journal.
  71. ↑ "Completion of solar array celebrated at WesternU". WesternU. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
  72. ↑ "Washington Gas Energy Systems Expands Footprint Across the Country and Announces Completion of Two Solar Arrays at California Educational Institutions". The Wall Street Journal. February 11, 2014.
  73. ↑ Weinstein, Nathalie (June 25, 2009). "Medical school breaks ground in Lebanon". Daily Journal of Commerce. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  74. 1 2 3 "Safety & Security on Campus: Fall 2015" (PDF). Your Right to Know. WesternU.
  75. ↑ See Demographics of the United States for references.
  76. 1 2 "WesternU Student Clubs". WesternU. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  77. 1 2 3 Brennan, Pat (March 9, 1986). "Dose of Acting Keeps Medical Students Sane". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
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  79. ↑ "Dr. Clinton E. Adams Receives AACOM's Dale Dodson Award". American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine. April 9, 2014.
  80. ↑ "Brion Benninger, MD". Elsevier Authors.
  81. ↑ "Harkless Receives 2012 APMSA Kenison Award". American Podiatric Medical Association. May 2012. Retrieved February 24, 2014.
  82. ↑ "History of the Program". Division of Podiatry. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
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  85. ↑ "Alumni: Welcome". WesternU. 2014.
  86. ↑ Adams, Damon (Nov 1, 2004). "DOs ready for their close-ups, looking to make their mark on TV". American Medical News.
  87. ↑ "Dr. Jon W. Fong DO". US News & World Report.
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  90. ↑ Staff Reports (April 30, 2012). "Prominent Physician Named Long Beach Memorial Chief Medical Officer". Long Beach Post. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
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  92. ↑ "AMBASSADOR STAN L. K. FLEMMING". Army Reserve.
  93. ↑ "Dr. Stanley Lalit Kumar Flemming DO". US News & World Report.
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  96. ↑ "Dr. James Lally Named President of the American Osteopathic Foundation". Reuters. August 27, 2010. Retrieved May 6, 2012.
  97. ↑ Geeks News Desk (January 29, 2014). "Army Physician is Also Founder of Popular Health Care Student Website". Broadway World.
  98. ↑ "About Us". Student Doctor Network.
  99. ↑ Burnett, Lee (August 2011). "More About Online Forums for Students and Faculty". Academic Medicine 86 (8): 920. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182222f54.
  100. ↑ "32nd Annual Commencement Exercises" (PDF). WesternU.
  101. ↑ "New memoir confronts difficulties of childhood cancer". IPD Group, Inc.

Further reading

External links

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