Aboriginal English in Canada

See also: Australian Aboriginal English

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Aboriginal English, also known as First Nations English, refers to varieties of English used by the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. They are outwardly similar to standard Canadian English from the perspective of a non-Canadian. However, they differ enough from mainstream Canadian speech that Aboriginal peoples (the First Nations, Métis, and Inuit) are often identifiable by their speech to non-Aboriginals. This is primarily the result of the influence of non-English accents derived from Aboriginal languages combined with a history of geographical and social isolation, since many Aboriginal people live (or formerly lived) in remote communities, in the North, or on Indian Reserves. Since the 1990s, Aboriginal Englishes have also adopted many features of African American Vernacular English under the influence of hip-hop music which is very popular with urban Aboriginal youth.

The use of these "non-standard" dialects is not well perceived by the non-Aboriginal majority, evidenced by mockery and discrimination. Academics have begun to recommend that Canadian schools accept Aboriginal varieties of English as valid English, and as a part of Aboriginal culture.^[1]^[2]

Few written works appear in Aboriginal English Dialects; an exception is Maria Campbell's Stories of the Road Allowance People, a collection of Métis folktales. An example from that work illustrates the type of speech used by Elders in rural Métis communities during her research (thought some stories were collected in Cree or other languages, and translated into dialectical English by Campbell):

Dere wasen very much he can steal from dah table anyways

'cept da knives and forks.
An Margareet he knowed he wouldn dare take dem
cause dat woman you know
hees gots a hell of a repetation for being a hardheaded woman
when he gets mad.
Dat man he have to be a damn fool to steal from hees table. - Dah Teef^[3]

References

↑ http://www.ecdip.org/dialects/
↑ http://aerc.usask.ca/downloads/Fadden&LaFranceDRAFTpaper.pdf
↑ Maria Campbell, Stories of the Road Allowance People, Theytus Books (1995), p. 4

Dialects and accents of Canadian English

Non-geographical	Aboriginal English in Canada Standard Canadian English

British Columbia	British Columbian English Chinook Jargon

Ontario	Ottawa Valley Twang

Quebec	Quebec English

Maritimes	Maritimer English Cape Breton accent Lunenburg English

Newfoundland and Labrador	Newfoundland English

Dialects and accents of Modern English by continent

Europe

United Kingdom

England	Varieties by common name Barrovian Black Country Brummie Bristolian Cheshire Cockney "Mockney" Cornish Cumbrian East Anglian East Midlands Essex Estuary Geordie Kentish Lancastrian Mackem Mancunian Multicultural London Norfolk Northern Pitmatic Potteries Received Pronunciation Scouse Southern Suffolk Sussex West Country "Mummerset" West Midlands Yorkshire Varieties by geographic location East of England Essex Norfolk Suffolk East Midlands North Cheshire Cumbria [Barrow] Lancashire Manchester Merseyside Sunderland Tyneside Yorkshire South Kent Thames Estuary / London [Multicultural London] Sussex West Country Bristol Cornwall West Midlands Black Country Birmingham Stoke-on-Trent

Northern Ireland	Mid Ulster Ulster Scots

Scotland	Highlands Lowlands

Wales	Cardiff Gower

Ireland

Channel Islands

Elsewhere

North and
South
America

United States	Varieties by common name African American Appalachian Baltimorese Boston Cajun California Chicago / Detroit / Great Lakes Chicano Delaware Valley General American High Tider Maine Miami Midland Midwestern New England New Mexican New York / Brooklynese / North Jersey New York Latino Old Southern Ozark Pacific Northwestern Pennsylvania Dutch Philadelphia (includes South Jersey, northern Delaware) Pittsburghese Rhode Island Southern Texan Upper Midwestern Western Vermont Yat Yeshivish Yooper Varieties by geographic location Delaware Valley / Mid-Atlantic Pennsylvania Dutch Philadelphia Baltimore Midland Midwest Great Lakes / Inland North Upper Midwest Upper Peninsula of Michigan New England Boston Maine Rhode Island Vermont New York City New York Latino North South Acadiana Appalachia Chesapeake / Pamlico Miami New Orleans Ozarks Texas West California New Mexico Pacific Northwest Western Pennsylvania

Canada	Aboriginal Atlantic Cape Breton Newfoundland Lunenburg Standard Ottawa Valley Pacific Northwest Quebec

Caribbean	Bahamas Barbados Dominican Republic Jamaica Puerto Rico Trinidad

Elsewhere	Bermuda Falkland Islands Guyana

Oceania

Australia	Aboriginal Broad / Strine General Southern Torres Strait Western

Elsewhere	Fiji New Zealand Palau Solomon Islands

Other
continents

Africa	Cameroon Kenya Liberia Malawi Namibia Nigeria Sierra Leone South Africa Afrikaans Black Cape Flats Indian White Uganda

Asia	Bangladesh Brunei Burma or Myanmar Hong Kong India Malaysia Nepal Pakistan Philippines Singapore Sri Lanka

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