Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan
Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan

Coordinates: 43°09′04″N 1°09′50″W / 43.151°N 1.164°W / 43.151; -1.164Coordinates: 43°09′04″N 1°09′50″W / 43.151°N 1.164°W / 43.151; -1.164
Country France
Region Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Bayonne
Canton Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
Intercommunality Garazi-Baïgorri
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Jean-Paul Bidart
Area1 14.64 km2 (5.65 sq mi)
Population (2010)2 291
 • Density 20/km2 (51/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 64008 / 64220
Elevation 207–788 m (679–2,585 ft)
(avg. 265 m or 869 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan (Basque: Ahatsa-Alzieta-Baskazane) is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes region in southwestern France.

The people of the commune are known as Ahastarr.[1]

Geography

Location

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is part of Cize country (or Garazi in Basque) which was a historical province in Lower Navarre. It includes three former parishes, sometimes counted as four groups of houses in the Middle Ages[2] and with five toponyms: Alciette, Ahaxe, Garatehegi, Ligeta, and Bascassan located at the confluence of the Laurhibar and Esteneko streams.

Alciette is the parish farthest away to the northeast in the combination of the three parishes.

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is located some 6 km south-east of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port and can be accessed by Highway D18 running from close to there through the heart of the commune southeast to Lecumberry. The village is not on the highway and is left onto the country road Vierge-d'Ahaxe off the D18 heading southeast. There is a country road from Aincille in the west to the village of Bascassin in the commune and there are other country roads entering from the north and the southeast.[3]

Hydrography

The commune is located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the commune lands are watered by the Laurhibar, a tributary of the Nive, and a tributary of that, the Esteneko stream. The Apatéko stream, a tributary of the Arzubiko stream also crosses the territory of Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan.

Localities and hamlets[4]

  • Aguerréa
  • Ahatsaxilo (former parish)[5]
  • Ahaxamendy[6]
  • Ahaxe
  • Alciette
  • Bascassan
  • Bastida[7]
  • Bernetcheko Borda
  • Bidartéa
  • Bordes (2 places)
  • Buirguista
  • Buluntza
  • Chilinchabidéa
  • Chilo
  • Curutchet (or Garat)[8]
  • Dorrea[9]
  • Errékaldéa
  • Erromatéguia (2 places)
  • Etcheverria[10]
  • Garatehegi[2][11]
  • Garatéko Eyhéra
  • Gastelua[12]
  • Gastalepo
  • Haraune
  • Harguindéguia
  • Idioinea[13]
  • Irahane
  • Iriberria
  • Irigaraya
  • Irustikoborda
  • Italatzé
  • Kapila
  • Larluzia
  • Libiéta[14]
  • Lietamendy
  • Ligeta[2]
  • Olherry
  • Orido
  • Ospitaletchia
  • Sagardoyguibel
  • Seineguy
  • Uhaïtzia
  • Urrutia

Neighbouring Communes and Villages

 Saint-Jean-le-Vieux Bussunarits-Sarrasquette Ibarrolle
Aincille Hosta
   Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan  
Saint-Michel Esterencuby Lecumberry

Toponymy

The commune's name in Basque is Ahatsa-Altzieta Bazkazane.[15]

Ahaxe

The toponym Ahaxe appears in the forms:

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan[2] indicates that the toponym comes from the Basque oronymic base of (h)aitz meaning "rock" or "height".

The people of the commune are called in Basque Ahatsarr.[2]

Alciette

The toponym Alciette appears in the forms:

  • Alsuete (1249)[2]
  • La Grange Alsuete (1302,[20] Chapter of Bayonne[17])
  • Alçueta (1305)[15]
  • Alzueta (1513,[20] Titles of Pamplona[21])
  • Alçuete and Alçueta (1350)[15])
  • Alchuete (1387)[15]
  • Alchuette (1387)[2]
  • Alçueta (1621,[20] Martin Biscay[22])
  • Alsiette (1667,[20] regulations of the States of Navarre[23])

The Basque name for the people of this area is Alzietarr.[2]

According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,[2] Alciette is derived from the medieval Alzueta which itself comes from the Basque alzu meaning "place where there are abundant alder trees".

Bascassan

The name Bascassan appears in the forms:

Its origin is uncertain.[2] The people of the area are called Bazkazandarr in basque.[2]

Ahaxachillo is mentioned in the 1863 dictionary.[5])

Bastida is also indicated by Raymond.[7]

Errékaldéa is mentioned with the spelling Errecaldia referring to the flowing stream of Bascassan flowing into the Laurhibar.[25]

Curutchet

Curutchet (also called Garat) was a former fief of Ahaxe, a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.[8]

Etcheverria

Paul Raymond mentioned an Etcheberry, a fief located in the parish of Alciette and a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.[10]

Garatehegi

The name Garatehegi appears in the forms:

Garatehegi from Basque means "summit of the high country".[2]

Gastelua

Gastelua appears with the spelling Gastellu in 1863.[12]

Libiéta

Libiéta is a toponym that appears in the forms:

Ligeta

Ligeta is mentioned in the forms:

The origin of this toponym could be the Latin Liger[2] (which was equally likely to be the origin of Loire).

History

The Lordship of Ahaxe, also called the Lordship of Cize, was allied with the Viscounts of Arbéroue in the 11th century as well as the lordships of Guiche and to the Counts of Biscay.[2]

Ahaxe and Alciette-Bascassan were reunited on 11 June 1842.[15]

Heraldry

 Blazon:

Quarterly at one and four party per pale Azure with three escallops of Argent and Or with three bars in gules; at two gules with three escallops of Argent and bordure engrailed in Argent; at three Argent with bend engrailed in gules between two escallops gules.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan[27]

From To Name Party Position
1995 2008 Simone Ithurbide
2008 2020 Jean-Paul Bidart

(Not all data is known)

Inter-communality

The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures:[28]

Demographics

The census of population in Lower Navarre in 1695[29] counted 21 fires in Ahaxe, 55 in Alciette, and 23 in Bascassan.

In the census of 1791[30] there were 337 inhabitants in Ahaxe.

In 2010, the commune had 291 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the town since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of municipalities with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1][Note 2]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
474 485 472 460 555 588 930 864 892
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
830 738 641 674 670 624 614 571 561
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
576 570 545 469 462 440 454 419 368
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2007 2008
344 335 307 265 263 320 300 290 290
2009 2010 - - - - - - -
291 291 - - - - - - -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

From 1793 to 1836 the population figures shown were only for Ahaxe as Alciette-Bascassan was still separate. Alciette-Bascassan population during that period is shown below.[31]

Population of Alciette-Bascassan
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836
280 309 320 387 336 452

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The commune is part of the zone designation of the Ossau-iraty.

The 2006 classification by INSEE, indicating the median household incomes for each municipality with more than 50 households (30,687 communes out of the 36,681 communes identified)[32] classed Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan at a rank of 27,645 with an average income of €13,257.

Culture and heritage

Languages

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, the Basque dialect spoken in Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is eastern low Navarrese.

Civil heritage

There is a gaztelu zahar (a prehistoric fortified complex) at a place called Gaztalepo (Ahaxe), located 550 metres above sea level. There is also a lice or a fence surrounding a fortification running at 313 metres above sea level at a place called Gaztelua or Gastellia. These artifacts represent the ancient past of the commune.

There are several buildings, houses, and farms in the commune that are listed as historical monuments. These are:

Religious Heritage

A number of churches and sites in the commune have been classified as historical monuments. These are:

Hilarri in the Saint Julien Church Cemetery

Facilities

The commune has a kindergarten.

See also

External links

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 , the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.
  2. ↑ In the census table, by convention in Wikipedia, and to allow a fair comparison between five yearly censuses, the principle has been retained for subsequent legal populations since 1999 displayed in the census table that shows populations for the years 2006, 2011, 2016, etc., as well as the latest legal population published by INSEE

References

  1. ↑ Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of country names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Ed. Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (French)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Ed. Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, ISBN 2867813964, page 140 (French)
  3. ↑ Google Maps
  4. ↑ Géoportail, IGN (French)
  5. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 3 (French)
  6. 1 2 Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000854 Gohonetxea Farm (French)
  7. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 23 (French)
  8. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 54 & 67 (French)
  9. 1 2 Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000845 Chateau of Saint-Julien (French)
  10. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 63 (French)
  11. 1 2 3 4 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 67 (French)
  12. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 68 (French)
  13. 1 2 Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084304 Chapel of Saint-Saveur Interior (French)
  14. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 101 (French)
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000871 Presentation of the Commune (French)
  16. 1 2 3 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011, p. 3 (French)
  17. 1 2 Chapter of Bayonne - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  18. ↑ Manuscript of the 18th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  19. ↑ Manuscripts from the 17th to the 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of des Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  20. 1 2 3 4 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 4 (French)
  21. 1 2 3 Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (Spanish)
  22. 1 2 3 Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla - 1622 petit in-4° (Spanish)
  23. ↑ Collection of manuscripts in 11 volumes of deliberations (1606 to 1789) - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  24. 1 2 Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 22 (French)
  25. ↑ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 59 (French)
  26. ↑ Regulations of the commandery of Irissarry - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  27. ↑ List of Mayors of France (French)
  28. ↑ Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 9 November 2011 (French)
  29. ↑ Bibliothèque nationale, 6956, Moreau register 979, cited by Manex Goyhenetche, in General History of the Basque Country - Volume 3, Ed. Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2913156347, page 300 (French). In the same work Manex Goyhenetche indicated (on page 284) an average number of 5.5 people per fire. (French)
  30. ↑ Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche in General History of the Basque Country - Volume 3, Ed. Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2913156347, page 283 (French)
  31. ↑ Page on Alciette-Bascassan on the Cassini website of EHESS (French)
  32. ↑ Statistical Summary by commune, départment, and employment sector, INSEE, consulted on 9 September 2009 (French)
  33. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000963 Houses and Farms (French)
  34. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000856 Kapila House (French)
  35. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000855 Idioinea Farm (French)
  36. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000844 Church of Saint Julien (French)
  37. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000843 Chapel of Saint-Saveur (French)
  38. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000015 Pulpit (French)
  39. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000014 2 benches (French)
  40. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000013 Main Altar, Retable and 4 Candlesticks (French)
  41. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000012 Secondary Altar. Retable, 2 Candlesticks (French)
  42. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000011 Baptismal fonts (French)
  43. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000010 Ceiling (French)
  44. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000009 Statue: Baby Jesus (French)
  45. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000008 Processional Cross (French)
  46. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000007 Cross: Christ on the Cross (French)
  47. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000851 Former benoîterie of Bascassan (French)
  48. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084549 Former benoîterie of Bascassan garden (French)
  49. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000850 Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan (French)
  50. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000021 2 Altars, 2 Retables, 2 Paintings, 4 Candlesticks (French)
  51. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000020 Baptismal fonts (French)
  52. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000019 Pulpit (French)
  53. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000018 Processional Cross (French)
  54. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000017 Cross: Christ on the Cross (French)
  55. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM64000016 Bronze Bell (French)
  56. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084303 Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan Interior & Cemetery (French)
  57. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084302 Cemetery Cross of Ahaxe (French)
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