Ambenonium chloride

Ambenonium chloride
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2,2'-[(1,2-Dioxoethane-1,2-diyl)diimino]bis[N-(2-chlorobenzyl)-N,N-diethylethanaminium]
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Consumer Drug Information
MedlinePlus a699058
Routes of
administration		 Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability Low
Identifiers
CAS Number 7648-98-8 YesY
ATC code N07AA30 (WHO)
PubChem CID 8288
DrugBank DB01122 N
ChemSpider 7987 YesY
UNII L16PUN799N YesY
KEGG D01001 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:2628 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1652 N
Chemical data
Formula C28H42Cl2N4O2+2
Molar mass 537.564 g/mol
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Ambenonium (as ambenonium dichloride, trade name Mytelase) is a cholinesterase inhibitor[1] used in the management of myasthenia gravis.

It is classified as reversible.[2]

Mechanism of action

Ambenonium exerts its actions against myasthenia gravis by competitive reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Myasthenia gravis occurs when the body produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits signal transmission across the myoneural junction. Ambenonium reversibly binds acetylcholinesterase, inactivates it and therefore increases levels of acetylcholine. This, in turn, facilitates transmission of impulses across the myoneural junction and effectively treats the disease.

Indications

Ambenonium is used to treat muscle weakness due to disease or defect of the neuromuscular junction (myasthenia gravis).

Ambenonium was withdrawn from the market in the United States in 2010.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Bolognesi ML, Cavalli A, Andrisano V; et al. (September 2003). "Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ambenonium derivatives as AChE inhibitors". Farmaco 58 (9): 917–28. doi:10.1016/S0014-827X(03)00150-2. PMID 13679187.
  2. ↑ Hodge AS, Humphrey DR, Rosenberry TL (May 1992). "Ambenonium is a rapidly reversible noncovalent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, with one of the highest known affinities". Mol. Pharmacol. 41 (5): 937–42. PMID 1588924.
  3. ↑ "Ambenonium". St. Elizabeth Healthcare.


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