Angika language

Angika language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Angika
अंगिका
Native to India, Nepal
Region Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal
Native speakers
 6 Crores Approx. (Govt. of India Source), 745,000, (1997–2011)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-2 anp
ISO 639-3 anp
Glottolog angi1238[2]

Angika (अंगिका) is a language spoken in Eastern Part of Bihar and includes the contemporary districts of Bhagalpur, Munger, Khagaria, Begusarai, Purnia, Katihar, Araria and Madhipura. Angika is an Indo-Aryan of the Anga region of India, a5,. Besides India, Angika is also spoken in Terai region of Nepal.

History

Historically Angika was classified by George A. Grierson as "Chhika-Chhiki ".[3]It has affinity to the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, such as Bengali, Oriya, and Assamese. It had been traditionally classified as a "Bihari language," which includes Angika, Bhojpuri, Magahi, Maithili, and Vajjika, though it has ancient history of being an independent language.[4] The name Angika first appeared in the 1961 census.[5] Angika is the language of the Ang people, one of the most most ancient Aryan tribe mentioned in Rig Veda [6]and the famous Angira and Angiras who invented fire for the first time in Vedic history, were members of that tribe. The evidence of having close relation with old indic language is found in many instances e.g. the Gujarati - 'Kem chho' is almost similar to Angika - 'Kahino chho'.

Status

Angika is not listed in the 8th schedule of the constitution of India. The demand for its inclusion in the Eighth Schedule is pending with the Government.[7]

The 1928 Linguistic Survey of India conducted under the supervision of George A. Grierson mentions Angika as "Chika-chiki boli" (Chika-chiki dialect).

Angika Academy

Angika Academy has been constituted by government of Bihar on 23 June 2015.,[8][9]

Writing System

Angika is written in Devanagari script. Anga Lipi and Kaithi scripts were used historically.[10]

Alternate Names

Various alternate names for the language are used:

Demography / Current Use

Angika is spoken by around five crore (fifty million) people in Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.

Bihar
Araria District, Katihar District, Purnia District, Kishanganj District, Madhepura District, Saharsa District, Supoul District Bhagalpur District, Banka District, Jamui District, Munger District, Lakhisarai District, Begusarai District, Sheikhpura District and Khagaria District
Jharkhand
Sahebganj District, Godda District, Deoghar District, Pakur District, Dumka District, Giridih District and Jamtara District
West Bengal
Malda District, Uttar Dinajpur District
Elsewhere
A large number of Angika speakers have migrated to the Persian Gulf, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada and other countries. Also a substantial portion of the Angika-speaking population has settled elsewhere in India, mainly in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Baroda, Surat, Chandigarh, Ludhiana, Jamshedpur and Bokaro.

People of Anga region in Bihar (mainly from Munger) prefer to go to Kolkata for jobs/higher studies or other purposes because of socio-cultural affinity with West Bengal.

Angika cinema

The first Angika language film released on 27 April 2007 in Laxmi Talkies, Khagaria, Bihar. The name of this film is "Khagaria Vali Bhouji". The first ever completed feature film of Angika Language, however, is "Khissa Chando Bihula Bishari Ke", which is still to be released. A new Angika film, "Ang Putra" has been released in April 2010. Angika folk singer Sunil Chailaa Bihari plays lead role in the film.

Angika literature

Suman Soorow, Ashwini (Click Here), Naresh Pandey- 'Chakore', Permanand Pandey, Vidyabhushan Venu, Amrendra, Khushilal Manjar, Vimal Vidrohi, Ram Sharma Anal, Gore Lal Manishi (or Gorelal Manishi), Abhaykant Choudhary, Shri Umesh Jee, Shri Bahadur Mishra, Kundan Amitabh, Chandraprakash Jagpriya are among prominent scholars of Angika language who have contributed lots in Angika Literature. Hundreds of standard literary books are available in Angika language. Angika is taught at Post Graduation level at Angika Vibhag at Tilkamanjhi Bhagalpur University at Bhagalpur.

Grammatical comparison with other languages

Comparison of common words with other languages

Angika Hindi Bhojpuri (Purvi) Maithili Magahi Bajjika
हम्म॑ मैं/हम हम/मय हम हम हम
आपन॑ आप रउआ/आप अहाँ / अपने अपने अपने
हमरऽ मेरा/हमारा हमार/मोर हम्मर हमर हम्मर

Sample Sentences of Common Usage in Angika Language

English sentence Angika translation
What is your name? तोरऽ नाम की छौं / छेकौं ? Toro naam kii chhown / chhekown?
Come here. हिन्न॑ (इहाँ) आबऽ Hinne / Iihan aabow
What are you doing? की करी रहलऽ छहो ?
That man is going. वू (आदमी) जाय रहलऽ छै
How are you? (तोंय) कैन्हऽ छो / छहो ?
I'm fine. हम्मं॑ ठीक छियै
I don't know. हम्मं॑ नै जानै छियै / छौं
He is my son. वू हमरऽ बेटा छेकै.
She is my daughter. वू हमरऽ बेटी छेकै
What should i do? हम्मं॑ की करंऽ / हमरा की करना चाही
What did they do? वू की करै छै?
Did you all eat? तोंय सभ खैल्हो ?
He is eating a Guava. वू एगो साफली खाय रहलऽ छै.
Where were you, I was waiting for you? कहाँ छेलो तोंय, तोरऽ बाट जोहै रहियौं ?
I saw the film last week. हम्मं॑ पिछला हफ़्ता सनीमा देखलिये
They went to the mosque. वू लोग सब मसजिद गेलऽ छै.
She slept the whole night. वू भर रात सुतली.
I go. हम्मं॑ जाय छियै.
He will go. वू जैतै.
He will eat. वू खैतै.
He has eaten. वू खाय लेलकै.
Why did you tell him to go? तोंय ओकरा जाय लेली कथी ल॑ कहलैं ?
Why is it crowded here? ऐंजां एत्त॑ भीड़ कैन्हें छै ?
I have to leave for Bhagalpur early tomorrow morning. हमरा कल भोरे भागलपुर लेली निकलना छै.
Which is the best Hindi newspaper? सबसं॑ बढ़िया हिंदी अखबार कोन छेकै ?
Where should i go? हम्मं॑ कन्न॑ जाँव ?
It is a book. ई एगो किताब छेकै.
Will you give me your pen? तोंय हमरा अपनऽ पेन देभो ?
Yes, of course./ Why not. हाँ हो, कैन्हें नै.
Which village do you hail from? तोंय कोन गामऽ सं॑ ताल्लुक रखै छहो ?
Did he call you? की हुनी तोरा बुलाबै छौ ?
This is our area. इ आपनऽ क्षेत्र छेकै.
What's going on? की चली रहलऽ छै ?
Please say that again. तनी फेरू सं॑ कहऽ.
Pleased to meet you. तोरा सं॑ मिली क॑ बढ़िया लगलै.
Is everything all right? सब खैरियत त॑ छै नै हो ?
How was your exam? तोरऽ परीक्षा कैन्हऽ रहलौं ?
Are you married? तोंय शादीशुदा छो ?
She doesn't understand anything. ओकरा कुछ्छू समझ नै आबै छै.
Please speak more slowly तनी कल॑-कल॑ बोलऽ.
You are very beautiful. तोंय बड़ी सुन्नर छहो.
He is looking at you. वू तोरा ताकी रहलऽ छौं .
My life is full of problems. हमरऽ जिनगी छुछ्छे परेशानी सं॑ भरलऽ छै.
Come with me. हमरा साथं॑ आबऽ.
One language is never enough. एगो भाषा काफी नै छै .
I'll come after you. हम्में तोरऽ पीछू-पीछू ऐभौं.
Go there वैंजां जा.
I can do anything for you. हम्मं॑ तोरा वास्ते कूछ्छू कर॑ सकै छियै.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Angika at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Angika". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
  3. ↑ Masica, C.P. (1993). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. p. 196. ISBN 9780521299442. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
  4. ↑ Masica, C.P. (1993). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. p. 12. ISBN 9780521299442. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
  5. ↑ Masica, C.P. (1993). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. p. 241. ISBN 9780521299442. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
  6. ↑ Rv.1.1.6 added by B.N.BHASKAR
  7. ↑ "Languages in the Eighth Schedule". Ministry of Home Affairs. 2004-12-22. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  8. ↑ "अंगिका अकादमी का गठन". Prabhat Khabar. 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
  9. ↑ "बिहार सरकार करलकै अंगिका अकादमी केरॊ गठन – अंगिका भाषा कॆ संविधान केरॊ अष्टम सूची मॆं शामिल करै के दिशा मॆं महत्वपूर्ण कदम". angika.com. 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
  10. ↑ "Angika.com".
  11. ↑ The Indo-Aryan Languages - Colin P. Masica - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
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